AWS Graviton Benchmarks

Benchmarks by Michael Larabel for a future article.

Compare your own system(s) to this result file with the Phoronix Test Suite by running the command: phoronix-test-suite benchmark 2407249-NE-2407235NE81
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  Test
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Graviton1 16 Cores a1.metal
July 22
  18 Hours, 43 Minutes
Graviton4 96 Cores r8g.metal-24xl
July 23
  5 Hours, 7 Minutes
Graviton2 64 Cores r6g.metal
July 23
  7 Hours, 58 Minutes
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  10 Hours, 36 Minutes

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Graviton1 16 Cores a1.metal

Processor: ARMv8 Cortex-A72 (16 Cores), Motherboard: Amazon EC2 a1.metal (1.0 BIOS), Memory: 32GB, Disk: 429GB Amazon Elastic Block Store, Network: Amazon Elastic

OS: Ubuntu 24.04, Kernel: 6.8.0-1009-aws (aarch64), Compiler: GCC 13.2.0, File-System: ext4

Kernel Notes: Transparent Huge Pages: madvise
Compiler Notes: --build=aarch64-linux-gnu --disable-libquadmath --disable-libquadmath-support --disable-werror --enable-checking=release --enable-clocale=gnu --enable-default-pie --enable-fix-cortex-a53-843419 --enable-gnu-unique-object --enable-languages=c,ada,c++,go,d,fortran,objc,obj-c++,m2 --enable-libphobos-checking=release --enable-libstdcxx-backtrace --enable-libstdcxx-debug --enable-libstdcxx-time=yes --enable-multiarch --enable-nls --enable-objc-gc=auto --enable-offload-defaulted --enable-offload-targets=nvptx-none=/build/gcc-13-dIwDw0/gcc-13-13.2.0/debian/tmp-nvptx/usr --enable-plugin --enable-shared --enable-threads=posix --host=aarch64-linux-gnu --program-prefix=aarch64-linux-gnu- --target=aarch64-linux-gnu --with-default-libstdcxx-abi=new --with-gcc-major-version-only --with-target-system-zlib=auto --without-cuda-driver -v
Java Notes: OpenJDK Runtime Environment (build 11.0.23+9-post-Ubuntu-1ubuntu1)
Python Notes: Python 3.12.3
Security Notes: gather_data_sampling: Not affected + itlb_multihit: Not affected + l1tf: Not affected + mds: Not affected + meltdown: Not affected + mmio_stale_data: Not affected + reg_file_data_sampling: Not affected + retbleed: Not affected + spec_rstack_overflow: Not affected + spec_store_bypass: Not affected + spectre_v1: Mitigation of __user pointer sanitization + spectre_v2: Mitigation of Branch predictor hardening BHB + srbds: Not affected + tsx_async_abort: Not affected

Graviton4 96 Cores r8g.metal-24xl

Changed Processor to ARMv8 Neoverse-V2 (96 Cores).

Changed Motherboard to Amazon EC2 r8g.metal-24xl (1.0 BIOS).

Changed Memory to 12 x 64GB DDR5-5600MT/s.

Security Change: gather_data_sampling: Not affected + itlb_multihit: Not affected + l1tf: Not affected + mds: Not affected + meltdown: Not affected + mmio_stale_data: Not affected + reg_file_data_sampling: Not affected + retbleed: Not affected + spec_rstack_overflow: Not affected + spec_store_bypass: Mitigation of SSB disabled via prctl + spectre_v1: Mitigation of __user pointer sanitization + spectre_v2: Not affected + srbds: Not affected + tsx_async_abort: Not affected

Graviton2 64 Cores r6g.metal

Changed Processor to ARMv8 Neoverse-N1 (64 Cores).

Changed Motherboard to Amazon EC2 r6g.metal (1.0 BIOS).

Changed Memory to 8 x 64GB DDR4-3200MT/s.

Security Change: gather_data_sampling: Not affected + itlb_multihit: Not affected + l1tf: Not affected + mds: Not affected + meltdown: Not affected + mmio_stale_data: Not affected + reg_file_data_sampling: Not affected + retbleed: Not affected + spec_rstack_overflow: Not affected + spec_store_bypass: Mitigation of SSB disabled via prctl + spectre_v1: Mitigation of __user pointer sanitization + spectre_v2: Mitigation of CSV2 BHB + srbds: Not affected + tsx_async_abort: Not affected

AWS Graviton BenchmarksProcessorMotherboardMemoryDiskNetworkOSKernelCompilerFile-SystemGraviton1 16 Cores a1.metalGraviton4 96 Cores r8g.metal-24xlGraviton2 64 Cores r6g.metalARMv8 Cortex-A72 (16 Cores)Amazon EC2 a1.metal (1.0 BIOS)32GB429GB Amazon Elastic Block StoreAmazon ElasticUbuntu 24.046.8.0-1009-aws (aarch64)GCC 13.2.0ext4ARMv8 Neoverse-V2 (96 Cores)Amazon EC2 r8g.metal-24xl (1.0 BIOS)12 x 64GB DDR5-5600MT/sARMv8 Neoverse-N1 (64 Cores)Amazon EC2 r6g.metal (1.0 BIOS)8 x 64GB DDR4-3200MT/sOpenBenchmarking.orgKernel Details- Transparent Huge Pages: madviseCompiler Details- --build=aarch64-linux-gnu --disable-libquadmath --disable-libquadmath-support --disable-werror --enable-checking=release --enable-clocale=gnu --enable-default-pie --enable-fix-cortex-a53-843419 --enable-gnu-unique-object --enable-languages=c,ada,c++,go,d,fortran,objc,obj-c++,m2 --enable-libphobos-checking=release --enable-libstdcxx-backtrace --enable-libstdcxx-debug --enable-libstdcxx-time=yes --enable-multiarch --enable-nls --enable-objc-gc=auto --enable-offload-defaulted --enable-offload-targets=nvptx-none=/build/gcc-13-dIwDw0/gcc-13-13.2.0/debian/tmp-nvptx/usr --enable-plugin --enable-shared --enable-threads=posix --host=aarch64-linux-gnu --program-prefix=aarch64-linux-gnu- --target=aarch64-linux-gnu --with-default-libstdcxx-abi=new --with-gcc-major-version-only --with-target-system-zlib=auto --without-cuda-driver -v Java Details- OpenJDK Runtime Environment (build 11.0.23+9-post-Ubuntu-1ubuntu1)Python Details- Python 3.12.3Security Details- Graviton1 16 Cores a1.metal: gather_data_sampling: Not affected + itlb_multihit: Not affected + l1tf: Not affected + mds: Not affected + meltdown: Not affected + mmio_stale_data: Not affected + reg_file_data_sampling: Not affected + retbleed: Not affected + spec_rstack_overflow: Not affected + spec_store_bypass: Not affected + spectre_v1: Mitigation of __user pointer sanitization + spectre_v2: Mitigation of Branch predictor hardening BHB + srbds: Not affected + tsx_async_abort: Not affected - Graviton4 96 Cores r8g.metal-24xl: gather_data_sampling: Not affected + itlb_multihit: Not affected + l1tf: Not affected + mds: Not affected + meltdown: Not affected + mmio_stale_data: Not affected + reg_file_data_sampling: Not affected + retbleed: Not affected + spec_rstack_overflow: Not affected + spec_store_bypass: Mitigation of SSB disabled via prctl + spectre_v1: Mitigation of __user pointer sanitization + spectre_v2: Not affected + srbds: Not affected + tsx_async_abort: Not affected - Graviton2 64 Cores r6g.metal: gather_data_sampling: Not affected + itlb_multihit: Not affected + l1tf: Not affected + mds: Not affected + meltdown: Not affected + mmio_stale_data: Not affected + reg_file_data_sampling: Not affected + retbleed: Not affected + spec_rstack_overflow: Not affected + spec_store_bypass: Mitigation of SSB disabled via prctl + spectre_v1: Mitigation of __user pointer sanitization + spectre_v2: Mitigation of CSV2 BHB + srbds: Not affected + tsx_async_abort: Not affected

Graviton1 16 Cores a1.metalGraviton4 96 Cores r8g.metal-24xlGraviton2 64 Cores r6g.metalLogarithmic Result OverviewPhoronix Test SuiteSpeedbApache CassandraGraphicsMagickACES DGEMMsrsRAN Projectlibavif avifencTimed PHP CompilationPostgreSQLStockfishNumpy BenchmarkPyPerformancePHPBenchLZ4 CompressionC-RayGROMACSWebP Image EncodeStress-NGminiFEBlenderOpenSSLTimed Node.js CompilationHigh Performance Conjugate GradientCoremark7-Zip CompressionTimed Godot Game Engine CompilationRocksDBJohn The Ripper

AWS Graviton Benchmarksstress-ng: CPU Cachestress-ng: Power Mathstress-ng: Matrix Mathstress-ng: Vector Mathstress-ng: Floating Pointstress-ng: Matrix 3D Mathstress-ng: Memory Copyingstress-ng: Logarithmic Mathstress-ng: Fused Multiply-Addstress-ng: Trigonometric Mathstress-ng: Vector Floating Pointopenssl: SHA256openssl: SHA512openssl: ChaCha20openssl: AES-128-GCMopenssl: AES-256-GCMopenssl: ChaCha20-Poly1305minife: Smallhpcg: 104 104 104 - 60mt-dgemm: Sustained Floating-Point Rategraphics-magick: Sharpengraphics-magick: Enhancedgraphics-magick: Resizinggraphics-magick: Noise-Gaussiangraphics-magick: HWB Color Spacecoremark: CoreMark Size 666 - Iterations Per Secondcompress-lz4: 1 - Compression Speedcompress-lz4: 1 - Decompression Speedcompress-lz4: 2 - Compression Speedcompress-lz4: 2 - Decompression Speedcompress-lz4: 3 - Compression Speedcompress-lz4: 3 - Decompression Speedcompress-lz4: 9 - Compression Speedcompress-lz4: 9 - Decompression Speedcompress-lz4: 12 - Compression Speedcompress-lz4: 12 - Decompression Speedsrsran: PDSCH Processor Benchmark, Throughput Totalsrsran: PUSCH Processor Benchmark, Throughput Totalsrsran: PDSCH Processor Benchmark, Throughput Threadsrsran: PUSCH Processor Benchmark, Throughput Threadcompress-7zip: Compression Ratingcompress-7zip: Decompression Ratingwebp: Defaultwebp: Quality 100webp: Quality 100, Losslesswebp: Quality 100, Highest Compressionstockfish: Chess Benchmarkgromacs: MPI CPU - water_GMX50_barecassandra: Writesrocksdb: Rand Readrocksdb: Update Randrocksdb: Read While Writingrocksdb: Read Rand Write Randspeedb: Rand Readspeedb: Update Randspeedb: Read While Writingspeedb: Read Rand Write Randjohn-the-ripper: bcryptjohn-the-ripper: WPA PSKjohn-the-ripper: Blowfishjohn-the-ripper: HMAC-SHA512john-the-ripper: MD5numpy: phpbench: PHP Benchmark Suitepgbench: 100 - 1000 - Read Onlypgbench: 100 - 1000 - Read Writepyperformance: pathlibpyperformance: xml_etreepyperformance: json_loadspyperformance: crypto_pyaespyperformance: regex_compilepyperformance: python_startuppgbench: 100 - 1000 - Read Only - Average Latencypgbench: 100 - 1000 - Read Write - Average Latencyavifenc: 0avifenc: 2avifenc: 6avifenc: 6, Losslessbuild-godot: Time To Compilebuild-nodejs: Time To Compilebuild-php: Time To Compilec-ray: 4K - 16c-ray: 5K - 16c-ray: 1080p - 16blender: BMW27 - CPU-Onlyblender: Classroom - CPU-Onlyblender: Fishy Cat - CPU-OnlyGraviton1 16 Cores a1.metalGraviton4 96 Cores r8g.metal-24xlGraviton2 64 Cores r6g.metal631797.131609.167343.9928508.49852.8838.941997.893302.684928995.122998.753466.25615174993325058918778285450333304557413372577349645765541467704159.123.768670.8792502620612681192273.033715237.681514.782.511153.137.301137.313.721102.04.831090.31307.3169.394.018.732697412444.633.250.401.4324930570.3132634823252821164616126865057445823286630128167243364155262178427894800310321667190426104.59234211101870463211023072.122745525.99.816215.890668.499381.11221.28828.2291674.4694663.276479.642566.9461008.693140.822599.391289.61952.434735225.1723418.40631796.65438910.4012455.0222886.6232525.1250252.6665585333.0445810.37119727.57856048467705320341828314879168876044487114879740013055845011069945000370677.861.619560.6358393252942782083012732642.268891697.893927.7329.413326.1115.143489.539.803573.111.953595.522062.71961.7278.769.447985149466011.617.821.333.221183379186.92623965852745854713274231156081970471016409384717293981149091153429118564786281856671582383332367333495.788292212893264430317.658.220.665.01017.550.346232.433130.20380.2432.7775.237126.346289.26789.99918.92733.6784.89133.7269.4064.072004843.769242.02284337.61165655.634700.485845.8811890.8318828.2233894303.5417338.1742695.463897630800314122869463672387510701573863098131268463231874663699893022864.220.559120.4108001531282701172121176422.685811453.052442.0184.992074.070.432167.125.502200.38.022207.68295.6727.9146.639.42334912334937.555.150.802.07439498372.7312358421652614997283356128899342102318799668336354082297802781037453494997545305647126671341667272.07444204985509441431.710036.711017812.41.015226.572251.332159.5084.5968.969266.138647.619178.11063.489112.87416.18181.54166.70146.68OpenBenchmarking.org

Stress-NG

OpenBenchmarking.orgBogo Ops/s, More Is BetterStress-NG 0.17.08Test: CPU CacheGraviton2 64 Cores r6g.metalGraviton4 96 Cores r8g.metal-24xlGraviton1 16 Cores a1.metal1000K2000K3000K4000K5000KSE +/- 23602.71, N = 15SE +/- 57877.80, N = 15SE +/- 3895.03, N = 32004843.764735225.17631797.131. (CXX) g++ options: -O2 -std=gnu99 -lc -lm

OpenBenchmarking.orgBogo Ops/s, More Is BetterStress-NG 0.17.08Test: Power MathGraviton2 64 Cores r6g.metalGraviton4 96 Cores r8g.metal-24xlGraviton1 16 Cores a1.metal5K10K15K20K25KSE +/- 13.10, N = 3SE +/- 0.98, N = 3SE +/- 0.08, N = 39242.0223418.401609.161. (CXX) g++ options: -O2 -std=gnu99 -lc -lm

OpenBenchmarking.orgBogo Ops/s, More Is BetterStress-NG 0.17.08Test: Matrix MathGraviton2 64 Cores r6g.metalGraviton4 96 Cores r8g.metal-24xlGraviton1 16 Cores a1.metal140K280K420K560K700KSE +/- 7.14, N = 3SE +/- 9.55, N = 3SE +/- 74.42, N = 3284337.61631796.657343.991. (CXX) g++ options: -O2 -std=gnu99 -lc -lm

OpenBenchmarking.orgBogo Ops/s, More Is BetterStress-NG 0.17.08Test: Vector MathGraviton2 64 Cores r6g.metalGraviton4 96 Cores r8g.metal-24xlGraviton1 16 Cores a1.metal90K180K270K360K450KSE +/- 6.90, N = 3SE +/- 85.60, N = 3SE +/- 0.54, N = 3165655.63438910.4028508.491. (CXX) g++ options: -O2 -std=gnu99 -lc -lm

OpenBenchmarking.orgBogo Ops/s, More Is BetterStress-NG 0.17.08Test: Floating PointGraviton2 64 Cores r6g.metalGraviton4 96 Cores r8g.metal-24xlGraviton1 16 Cores a1.metal3K6K9K12K15KSE +/- 0.17, N = 3SE +/- 2.60, N = 3SE +/- 1.60, N = 34700.4812455.02852.801. (CXX) g++ options: -O2 -std=gnu99 -lc -lm

OpenBenchmarking.orgBogo Ops/s, More Is BetterStress-NG 0.17.08Test: Matrix 3D MathGraviton2 64 Cores r6g.metalGraviton4 96 Cores r8g.metal-24xlGraviton1 16 Cores a1.metal5K10K15K20K25KSE +/- 4.86, N = 3SE +/- 50.98, N = 3SE +/- 3.67, N = 35845.8822886.62838.941. (CXX) g++ options: -O2 -std=gnu99 -lc -lm

OpenBenchmarking.orgBogo Ops/s, More Is BetterStress-NG 0.17.08Test: Memory CopyingGraviton2 64 Cores r6g.metalGraviton4 96 Cores r8g.metal-24xlGraviton1 16 Cores a1.metal7K14K21K28K35KSE +/- 1.30, N = 3SE +/- 13.60, N = 3SE +/- 0.09, N = 311890.8332525.121997.891. (CXX) g++ options: -O2 -std=gnu99 -lc -lm

OpenBenchmarking.orgBogo Ops/s, More Is BetterStress-NG 0.17.08Test: Logarithmic MathGraviton2 64 Cores r6g.metalGraviton4 96 Cores r8g.metal-24xlGraviton1 16 Cores a1.metal11K22K33K44K55KSE +/- 0.91, N = 3SE +/- 1.22, N = 3SE +/- 0.28, N = 318828.2250252.663302.681. (CXX) g++ options: -O2 -std=gnu99 -lc -lm

OpenBenchmarking.orgBogo Ops/s, More Is BetterStress-NG 0.17.08Test: Fused Multiply-AddGraviton2 64 Cores r6g.metalGraviton4 96 Cores r8g.metal-24xlGraviton1 16 Cores a1.metal14M28M42M56M70MSE +/- 1364.97, N = 3SE +/- 1063.93, N = 3SE +/- 2472.21, N = 333894303.5465585333.044928995.121. (CXX) g++ options: -O2 -std=gnu99 -lc -lm

OpenBenchmarking.orgBogo Ops/s, More Is BetterStress-NG 0.17.08Test: Trigonometric MathGraviton2 64 Cores r6g.metalGraviton4 96 Cores r8g.metal-24xlGraviton1 16 Cores a1.metal10K20K30K40K50KSE +/- 2.00, N = 3SE +/- 11.48, N = 3SE +/- 0.04, N = 317338.1745810.372998.751. (CXX) g++ options: -O2 -std=gnu99 -lc -lm

OpenBenchmarking.orgBogo Ops/s, More Is BetterStress-NG 0.17.08Test: Vector Floating PointGraviton2 64 Cores r6g.metalGraviton4 96 Cores r8g.metal-24xlGraviton1 16 Cores a1.metal30K60K90K120K150KSE +/- 35.00, N = 3SE +/- 17.26, N = 3SE +/- 0.38, N = 342695.46119727.573466.251. (CXX) g++ options: -O2 -std=gnu99 -lc -lm

OpenSSL

OpenBenchmarking.orgbyte/s, More Is BetterOpenSSLAlgorithm: SHA256Graviton2 64 Cores r6g.metalGraviton4 96 Cores r8g.metal-24xlGraviton1 16 Cores a1.metal20000M40000M60000M80000M100000MSE +/- 308447238.10, N = 3SE +/- 7443314.27, N = 3SE +/- 62991235.00, N = 3389763080038560484677061517499331. OpenSSL 3.0.13 30 Jan 2024 (Library: OpenSSL 3.0.13 30 Jan 2024)

OpenBenchmarking.orgbyte/s, More Is BetterOpenSSLAlgorithm: SHA512Graviton2 64 Cores r6g.metalGraviton4 96 Cores r8g.metal-24xlGraviton1 16 Cores a1.metal11000M22000M33000M44000M55000MSE +/- 20829920.25, N = 3SE +/- 4634061.90, N = 3SE +/- 4619831.10, N = 3141228694635320341828325058918771. OpenSSL 3.0.13 30 Jan 2024 (Library: OpenSSL 3.0.13 30 Jan 2024)

OpenBenchmarking.orgbyte/s, More Is BetterOpenSSLAlgorithm: ChaCha20Graviton2 64 Cores r6g.metalGraviton4 96 Cores r8g.metal-24xlGraviton1 16 Cores a1.metal30000M60000M90000M120000M150000MSE +/- 157650.92, N = 3SE +/- 430328.22, N = 3SE +/- 4780384.74, N = 36723875107014879168876082854503331. OpenSSL 3.0.13 30 Jan 2024 (Library: OpenSSL 3.0.13 30 Jan 2024)

OpenBenchmarking.orgbyte/s, More Is BetterOpenSSLAlgorithm: AES-128-GCMGraviton2 64 Cores r6g.metalGraviton4 96 Cores r8g.metal-24xlGraviton1 16 Cores a1.metal100000M200000M300000M400000M500000MSE +/- 27172495.86, N = 3SE +/- 2173107.96, N = 3SE +/- 35254075.37, N = 3157386309813444871148797304557413371. OpenSSL 3.0.13 30 Jan 2024 (Library: OpenSSL 3.0.13 30 Jan 2024)

OpenBenchmarking.orgbyte/s, More Is BetterOpenSSLAlgorithm: AES-256-GCMGraviton2 64 Cores r6g.metalGraviton4 96 Cores r8g.metal-24xlGraviton1 16 Cores a1.metal90000M180000M270000M360000M450000MSE +/- 5879487.16, N = 3SE +/- 15611507.33, N = 3SE +/- 17186337.18, N = 3126846323187400130558450257734964571. OpenSSL 3.0.13 30 Jan 2024 (Library: OpenSSL 3.0.13 30 Jan 2024)

OpenBenchmarking.orgbyte/s, More Is BetterOpenSSLAlgorithm: ChaCha20-Poly1305Graviton2 64 Cores r6g.metalGraviton4 96 Cores r8g.metal-24xlGraviton1 16 Cores a1.metal20000M40000M60000M80000M100000MSE +/- 281207.00, N = 3SE +/- 512363.59, N = 3SE +/- 4948671.03, N = 34663699893011069945000365541467701. OpenSSL 3.0.13 30 Jan 2024 (Library: OpenSSL 3.0.13 30 Jan 2024)

miniFE

MiniFE Finite Element is an application for unstructured implicit finite element codes. Learn more via the OpenBenchmarking.org test page.

OpenBenchmarking.orgCG Mflops, More Is BetterminiFE 2.2Problem Size: SmallGraviton2 64 Cores r6g.metalGraviton4 96 Cores r8g.metal-24xlGraviton1 16 Cores a1.metal15K30K45K60K75KSE +/- 11.77, N = 3SE +/- 233.77, N = 3SE +/- 1.93, N = 322864.2070677.804159.121. (CXX) g++ options: -O3 -fopenmp -lmpi_cxx -lmpi

High Performance Conjugate Gradient

HPCG is the High Performance Conjugate Gradient and is a new scientific benchmark from Sandia National Lans focused for super-computer testing with modern real-world workloads compared to HPCC. Learn more via the OpenBenchmarking.org test page.

OpenBenchmarking.orgGFLOP/s, More Is BetterHigh Performance Conjugate Gradient 3.1X Y Z: 104 104 104 - RT: 60Graviton2 64 Cores r6g.metalGraviton4 96 Cores r8g.metal-24xlGraviton1 16 Cores a1.metal1428425670SE +/- 0.00037, N = 3SE +/- 0.01489, N = 3SE +/- 0.00496, N = 320.5591061.619503.768671. (CXX) g++ options: -O3 -ffast-math -ftree-vectorize -lmpi_cxx -lmpi

ACES DGEMM

This is a multi-threaded DGEMM benchmark. Learn more via the OpenBenchmarking.org test page.

OpenBenchmarking.orgGFLOP/s, More Is BetterACES DGEMM 1.0Sustained Floating-Point RateGraviton2 64 Cores r6g.metalGraviton4 96 Cores r8g.metal-24xlGraviton1 16 Cores a1.metal1428425670SE +/- 0.156541, N = 3SE +/- 0.164173, N = 3SE +/- 0.003641, N = 320.41080060.6358390.8792501. (CC) gcc options: -O3 -march=native -fopenmp

GraphicsMagick

This is a test of GraphicsMagick with its OpenMP implementation that performs various imaging tests on a sample high resolution (currently 15400 x 6940) JPEG image. Learn more via the OpenBenchmarking.org test page.

OpenBenchmarking.orgIterations Per Minute, More Is BetterGraphicsMagick 1.3.43Operation: SharpenGraviton2 64 Cores r6g.metalGraviton4 96 Cores r8g.metal-24xlGraviton1 16 Cores a1.metal70140210280350SE +/- 0.00, N = 3SE +/- 0.33, N = 3SE +/- 0.00, N = 3153325261. (CC) gcc options: -fopenmp -O2 -ljpeg -lXext -lSM -lICE -lX11 -lxml2 -lz -lm -lpthread -lgomp

OpenBenchmarking.orgIterations Per Minute, More Is BetterGraphicsMagick 1.3.43Operation: EnhancedGraviton2 64 Cores r6g.metalGraviton4 96 Cores r8g.metal-24xlGraviton1 16 Cores a1.metal60120180240300SE +/- 0.33, N = 3SE +/- 0.67, N = 3SE +/- 0.00, N = 3128294201. (CC) gcc options: -fopenmp -O2 -ljpeg -lXext -lSM -lICE -lX11 -lxml2 -lz -lm -lpthread -lgomp

OpenBenchmarking.orgIterations Per Minute, More Is BetterGraphicsMagick 1.3.43Operation: ResizingGraviton2 64 Cores r6g.metalGraviton4 96 Cores r8g.metal-24xlGraviton1 16 Cores a1.metal60120180240300SE +/- 0.00, N = 3SE +/- 0.58, N = 3SE +/- 0.00, N = 3270278611. (CC) gcc options: -fopenmp -O2 -ljpeg -lXext -lSM -lICE -lX11 -lxml2 -lz -lm -lpthread -lgomp

OpenBenchmarking.orgIterations Per Minute, More Is BetterGraphicsMagick 1.3.43Operation: Noise-GaussianGraviton2 64 Cores r6g.metalGraviton4 96 Cores r8g.metal-24xlGraviton1 16 Cores a1.metal50100150200250SE +/- 0.33, N = 3SE +/- 0.67, N = 3SE +/- 0.00, N = 3117208261. (CC) gcc options: -fopenmp -O2 -ljpeg -lXext -lSM -lICE -lX11 -lxml2 -lz -lm -lpthread -lgomp

OpenBenchmarking.orgIterations Per Minute, More Is BetterGraphicsMagick 1.3.43Operation: HWB Color SpaceGraviton2 64 Cores r6g.metalGraviton4 96 Cores r8g.metal-24xlGraviton1 16 Cores a1.metal70140210280350SE +/- 0.58, N = 3SE +/- 0.33, N = 3SE +/- 0.00, N = 3212301811. (CC) gcc options: -fopenmp -O2 -ljpeg -lXext -lSM -lICE -lX11 -lxml2 -lz -lm -lpthread -lgomp

Coremark

This is a test of EEMBC CoreMark processor benchmark. Learn more via the OpenBenchmarking.org test page.

OpenBenchmarking.orgIterations/Sec, More Is BetterCoremark 1.0CoreMark Size 666 - Iterations Per SecondGraviton2 64 Cores r6g.metalGraviton4 96 Cores r8g.metal-24xlGraviton1 16 Cores a1.metal600K1200K1800K2400K3000KSE +/- 300.99, N = 3SE +/- 64.82, N = 3SE +/- 24.05, N = 31176422.692732642.27192273.031. (CC) gcc options: -O2 -lrt" -lrt

LZ4 Compression

OpenBenchmarking.orgMB/s, More Is BetterLZ4 Compression 1.10Compression Level: 1 - Compression SpeedGraviton2 64 Cores r6g.metalGraviton4 96 Cores r8g.metal-24xlGraviton1 16 Cores a1.metal150300450600750SE +/- 0.11, N = 3SE +/- 0.04, N = 3SE +/- 3.13, N = 3453.05697.89237.681. (CC) gcc options: -O3 -pthread

OpenBenchmarking.orgMB/s, More Is BetterLZ4 Compression 1.10Compression Level: 1 - Decompression SpeedGraviton2 64 Cores r6g.metalGraviton4 96 Cores r8g.metal-24xlGraviton1 16 Cores a1.metal8001600240032004000SE +/- 0.57, N = 3SE +/- 0.19, N = 3SE +/- 0.30, N = 32442.03927.71514.71. (CC) gcc options: -O3 -pthread

OpenBenchmarking.orgMB/s, More Is BetterLZ4 Compression 1.10Compression Level: 2 - Compression SpeedGraviton2 64 Cores r6g.metalGraviton4 96 Cores r8g.metal-24xlGraviton1 16 Cores a1.metal70140210280350SE +/- 0.00, N = 3SE +/- 0.13, N = 3SE +/- 0.02, N = 3184.99329.4182.511. (CC) gcc options: -O3 -pthread

OpenBenchmarking.orgMB/s, More Is BetterLZ4 Compression 1.10Compression Level: 2 - Decompression SpeedGraviton2 64 Cores r6g.metalGraviton4 96 Cores r8g.metal-24xlGraviton1 16 Cores a1.metal7001400210028003500SE +/- 0.32, N = 3SE +/- 0.13, N = 3SE +/- 0.27, N = 32074.03326.11153.11. (CC) gcc options: -O3 -pthread

OpenBenchmarking.orgMB/s, More Is BetterLZ4 Compression 1.10Compression Level: 3 - Compression SpeedGraviton2 64 Cores r6g.metalGraviton4 96 Cores r8g.metal-24xlGraviton1 16 Cores a1.metal306090120150SE +/- 0.05, N = 3SE +/- 0.08, N = 3SE +/- 0.01, N = 370.43115.1437.301. (CC) gcc options: -O3 -pthread

OpenBenchmarking.orgMB/s, More Is BetterLZ4 Compression 1.10Compression Level: 3 - Decompression SpeedGraviton2 64 Cores r6g.metalGraviton4 96 Cores r8g.metal-24xlGraviton1 16 Cores a1.metal7001400210028003500SE +/- 0.12, N = 3SE +/- 0.15, N = 3SE +/- 0.06, N = 32167.13489.51137.31. (CC) gcc options: -O3 -pthread

OpenBenchmarking.orgMB/s, More Is BetterLZ4 Compression 1.10Compression Level: 9 - Compression SpeedGraviton2 64 Cores r6g.metalGraviton4 96 Cores r8g.metal-24xlGraviton1 16 Cores a1.metal918273645SE +/- 0.03, N = 3SE +/- 0.01, N = 3SE +/- 0.01, N = 325.5039.8013.721. (CC) gcc options: -O3 -pthread

OpenBenchmarking.orgMB/s, More Is BetterLZ4 Compression 1.10Compression Level: 9 - Decompression SpeedGraviton2 64 Cores r6g.metalGraviton4 96 Cores r8g.metal-24xlGraviton1 16 Cores a1.metal8001600240032004000SE +/- 0.31, N = 3SE +/- 0.40, N = 3SE +/- 0.06, N = 32200.33573.11102.01. (CC) gcc options: -O3 -pthread

OpenBenchmarking.orgMB/s, More Is BetterLZ4 Compression 1.10Compression Level: 12 - Compression SpeedGraviton2 64 Cores r6g.metalGraviton4 96 Cores r8g.metal-24xlGraviton1 16 Cores a1.metal3691215SE +/- 0.00, N = 3SE +/- 0.00, N = 3SE +/- 0.00, N = 38.0211.954.831. (CC) gcc options: -O3 -pthread

OpenBenchmarking.orgMB/s, More Is BetterLZ4 Compression 1.10Compression Level: 12 - Decompression SpeedGraviton2 64 Cores r6g.metalGraviton4 96 Cores r8g.metal-24xlGraviton1 16 Cores a1.metal8001600240032004000SE +/- 0.29, N = 3SE +/- 1.89, N = 3SE +/- 2.61, N = 32207.63595.51090.31. (CC) gcc options: -O3 -pthread

srsRAN Project

srsRAN Project is a complete ORAN-native 5G RAN solution created by Software Radio Systems (SRS). The srsRAN Project radio suite was formerly known as srsLTE and can be used for building your own software-defined radio (SDR) 4G/5G mobile network. Learn more via the OpenBenchmarking.org test page.

OpenBenchmarking.orgMbps, More Is BettersrsRAN Project 23.10.1-20240325Test: PDSCH Processor Benchmark, Throughput TotalGraviton2 64 Cores r6g.metalGraviton4 96 Cores r8g.metal-24xlGraviton1 16 Cores a1.metal5K10K15K20K25KSE +/- 88.68, N = 5SE +/- 15.31, N = 3SE +/- 10.32, N = 38295.622062.71307.31. (CXX) g++ options: -O3 -fno-trapping-math -fno-math-errno -ldl

OpenBenchmarking.orgMbps, More Is BettersrsRAN Project 23.10.1-20240325Test: PUSCH Processor Benchmark, Throughput TotalGraviton2 64 Cores r6g.metalGraviton4 96 Cores r8g.metal-24xlGraviton1 16 Cores a1.metal400800120016002000SE +/- 0.00, N = 3SE +/- 0.07, N = 3SE +/- 0.03, N = 3727.91961.7169.3MIN: 416MIN: 1132.6 / MAX: 1961.81. (CXX) g++ options: -O3 -fno-trapping-math -fno-math-errno -ldl

OpenBenchmarking.orgMbps, More Is BettersrsRAN Project 23.10.1-20240325Test: PDSCH Processor Benchmark, Throughput ThreadGraviton2 64 Cores r6g.metalGraviton4 96 Cores r8g.metal-24xlGraviton1 16 Cores a1.metal60120180240300SE +/- 0.07, N = 3SE +/- 3.00, N = 3SE +/- 0.21, N = 3146.6278.794.01. (CXX) g++ options: -O3 -fno-trapping-math -fno-math-errno -ldl

OpenBenchmarking.orgMbps, More Is BettersrsRAN Project 23.10.1-20240325Test: PUSCH Processor Benchmark, Throughput ThreadGraviton2 64 Cores r6g.metalGraviton4 96 Cores r8g.metal-24xlGraviton1 16 Cores a1.metal1530456075SE +/- 0.00, N = 3SE +/- 0.00, N = 3SE +/- 0.23, N = 439.469.418.7MIN: 24.4MIN: 45.4MIN: 11.3 / MAX: 18.91. (CXX) g++ options: -O3 -fno-trapping-math -fno-math-errno -ldl

7-Zip Compression

OpenBenchmarking.orgMIPS, More Is Better7-Zip Compression 24.05Test: Compression RatingGraviton2 64 Cores r6g.metalGraviton4 96 Cores r8g.metal-24xlGraviton1 16 Cores a1.metal100K200K300K400K500KSE +/- 159.81, N = 3SE +/- 2385.17, N = 3SE +/- 28.98, N = 3233491479851326971. (CXX) g++ options: -lpthread -ldl -O2 -fPIC

OpenBenchmarking.orgMIPS, More Is Better7-Zip Compression 24.05Test: Decompression RatingGraviton2 64 Cores r6g.metalGraviton4 96 Cores r8g.metal-24xlGraviton1 16 Cores a1.metal110K220K330K440K550KSE +/- 32.36, N = 3SE +/- 158.70, N = 3SE +/- 50.81, N = 3233493494660412441. (CXX) g++ options: -lpthread -ldl -O2 -fPIC

WebP Image Encode

OpenBenchmarking.orgMP/s, More Is BetterWebP Image Encode 1.4Encode Settings: DefaultGraviton2 64 Cores r6g.metalGraviton4 96 Cores r8g.metal-24xlGraviton1 16 Cores a1.metal3691215SE +/- 0.00, N = 3SE +/- 0.02, N = 3SE +/- 0.01, N = 37.5511.614.631. (CC) gcc options: -fvisibility=hidden -O2 -lm

OpenBenchmarking.orgMP/s, More Is BetterWebP Image Encode 1.4Encode Settings: Quality 100Graviton2 64 Cores r6g.metalGraviton4 96 Cores r8g.metal-24xlGraviton1 16 Cores a1.metal246810SE +/- 0.01, N = 3SE +/- 0.01, N = 3SE +/- 0.01, N = 35.157.823.251. (CC) gcc options: -fvisibility=hidden -O2 -lm

OpenBenchmarking.orgMP/s, More Is BetterWebP Image Encode 1.4Encode Settings: Quality 100, LosslessGraviton2 64 Cores r6g.metalGraviton4 96 Cores r8g.metal-24xlGraviton1 16 Cores a1.metal0.29930.59860.89791.19721.4965SE +/- 0.00, N = 3SE +/- 0.00, N = 3SE +/- 0.00, N = 30.801.330.401. (CC) gcc options: -fvisibility=hidden -O2 -lm

OpenBenchmarking.orgMP/s, More Is BetterWebP Image Encode 1.4Encode Settings: Quality 100, Highest CompressionGraviton2 64 Cores r6g.metalGraviton4 96 Cores r8g.metal-24xlGraviton1 16 Cores a1.metal0.72451.4492.17352.8983.6225SE +/- 0.00, N = 3SE +/- 0.00, N = 3SE +/- 0.01, N = 32.073.221.431. (CC) gcc options: -fvisibility=hidden -O2 -lm

Stockfish

This is a test of Stockfish, an advanced open-source C++11 chess benchmark that can scale up to 1024 CPU threads. Learn more via the OpenBenchmarking.org test page.

OpenBenchmarking.orgNodes Per Second, More Is BetterStockfish 16.1Chess BenchmarkGraviton2 64 Cores r6g.metalGraviton4 96 Cores r8g.metal-24xlGraviton1 16 Cores a1.metal30M60M90M120M150MSE +/- 1121445.57, N = 12SE +/- 2918876.82, N = 15SE +/- 39945.87, N = 94394983711833791824930571. (CXX) g++ options: -lgcov -lpthread -fno-exceptions -std=c++17 -fno-peel-loops -fno-tracer -pedantic -O3 -funroll-loops -flto -flto-partition=one -flto=jobserver

GROMACS

The GROMACS (GROningen MAchine for Chemical Simulations) molecular dynamics package testing with the water_GMX50 data. This test profile allows selecting between CPU and GPU-based GROMACS builds. Learn more via the OpenBenchmarking.org test page.

OpenBenchmarking.orgNs Per Day, More Is BetterGROMACS 2024Implementation: MPI CPU - Input: water_GMX50_bareGraviton2 64 Cores r6g.metalGraviton4 96 Cores r8g.metal-24xlGraviton1 16 Cores a1.metal246810SE +/- 0.001, N = 3SE +/- 0.001, N = 3SE +/- 0.000, N = 32.7316.9260.3131. (CXX) g++ options: -O3 -lm

Apache Cassandra

This is a benchmark of the Apache Cassandra NoSQL database management system making use of cassandra-stress. Learn more via the OpenBenchmarking.org test page.

OpenBenchmarking.orgOp/s, More Is BetterApache Cassandra 4.1.3Test: WritesGraviton2 64 Cores r6g.metalGraviton4 96 Cores r8g.metal-24xlGraviton1 16 Cores a1.metal50K100K150K200K250KSE +/- 3287.69, N = 3SE +/- 835.72, N = 3SE +/- 148.76, N = 323584223965826348

RocksDB

This is a benchmark of Meta/Facebook's RocksDB as an embeddable persistent key-value store for fast storage based on Google's LevelDB. Learn more via the OpenBenchmarking.org test page.

OpenBenchmarking.orgOp/s, More Is BetterRocksDB 9.0Test: Random ReadGraviton2 64 Cores r6g.metalGraviton4 96 Cores r8g.metal-24xlGraviton1 16 Cores a1.metal110M220M330M440M550MSE +/- 1103933.53, N = 15SE +/- 53499.62, N = 3SE +/- 12274.71, N = 3165261499527458547232528211. (CXX) g++ options: -O3 -march=native -pthread -fno-builtin-memcmp -fno-rtti

OpenBenchmarking.orgOp/s, More Is BetterRocksDB 9.0Test: Update RandomGraviton2 64 Cores r6g.metalGraviton4 96 Cores r8g.metal-24xlGraviton1 16 Cores a1.metal300K600K900K1200K1500KSE +/- 4819.65, N = 15SE +/- 5313.65, N = 3SE +/- 443.99, N = 372833513274231646161. (CXX) g++ options: -O3 -march=native -pthread -fno-builtin-memcmp -fno-rtti

OpenBenchmarking.orgOp/s, More Is BetterRocksDB 9.0Test: Read While WritingGraviton2 64 Cores r6g.metalGraviton4 96 Cores r8g.metal-24xlGraviton1 16 Cores a1.metal2M4M6M8M10MSE +/- 57133.93, N = 15SE +/- 18723.10, N = 3SE +/- 16876.08, N = 361288991156081912686501. (CXX) g++ options: -O3 -march=native -pthread -fno-builtin-memcmp -fno-rtti

OpenBenchmarking.orgOp/s, More Is BetterRocksDB 9.0Test: Read Random Write RandomGraviton2 64 Cores r6g.metalGraviton4 96 Cores r8g.metal-24xlGraviton1 16 Cores a1.metal1.5M3M4.5M6M7.5MSE +/- 5811.82, N = 3SE +/- 15765.85, N = 3SE +/- 4162.42, N = 3342102370471015744581. (CXX) g++ options: -O3 -march=native -pthread -fno-builtin-memcmp -fno-rtti

Speedb

Speedb is a next-generation key value storage engine that is RocksDB compatible and aiming for stability, efficiency, and performance. Learn more via the OpenBenchmarking.org test page.

OpenBenchmarking.orgOp/s, More Is BetterSpeedb 2.7Test: Random ReadGraviton2 64 Cores r6g.metalGraviton4 96 Cores r8g.metal-24xlGraviton1 16 Cores a1.metal140M280M420M560M700MSE +/- 445171.45, N = 3SE +/- 229391.69, N = 3SE +/- 174965.25, N = 15187996683640938471232866301. (CXX) g++ options: -O3 -march=native -pthread -fno-builtin-memcmp -fno-rtti

OpenBenchmarking.orgOp/s, More Is BetterSpeedb 2.7Test: Update RandomGraviton2 64 Cores r6g.metalGraviton4 96 Cores r8g.metal-24xlGraviton1 16 Cores a1.metal160K320K480K640K800KSE +/- 3440.64, N = 3SE +/- 3844.86, N = 3SE +/- 302.33, N = 33635407293981281671. (CXX) g++ options: -O3 -march=native -pthread -fno-builtin-memcmp -fno-rtti

OpenBenchmarking.orgOp/s, More Is BetterSpeedb 2.7Test: Read While WritingGraviton2 64 Cores r6g.metalGraviton4 96 Cores r8g.metal-24xlGraviton1 16 Cores a1.metal2M4M6M8M10MSE +/- 74542.67, N = 15SE +/- 87574.70, N = 15SE +/- 20302.77, N = 882297801149091124336411. (CXX) g++ options: -O3 -march=native -pthread -fno-builtin-memcmp -fno-rtti

OpenBenchmarking.orgOp/s, More Is BetterSpeedb 2.7Test: Read Random Write RandomGraviton2 64 Cores r6g.metalGraviton4 96 Cores r8g.metal-24xlGraviton1 16 Cores a1.metal1.1M2.2M3.3M4.4M5.5MSE +/- 25580.42, N = 3SE +/- 4241.50, N = 3SE +/- 214.78, N = 3278103753429115526211. (CXX) g++ options: -O3 -march=native -pthread -fno-builtin-memcmp -fno-rtti

John The Ripper

This is a benchmark of John The Ripper, which is a password cracker. Learn more via the OpenBenchmarking.org test page.

OpenBenchmarking.orgReal C/S, More Is BetterJohn The Ripper 2023.03.14Test: bcryptGraviton2 64 Cores r6g.metalGraviton4 96 Cores r8g.metal-24xlGraviton1 16 Cores a1.metal20K40K60K80K100KSE +/- 0.67, N = 3SE +/- 22.45, N = 3SE +/- 94.53, N = 15453498564778421. (CC) gcc options: -lssl -lcrypto -fopenmp -lm -lrt -lz -ldl -lcrypt

OpenBenchmarking.orgReal C/S, More Is BetterJohn The Ripper 2023.03.14Test: WPA PSKGraviton2 64 Cores r6g.metalGraviton4 96 Cores r8g.metal-24xlGraviton1 16 Cores a1.metal20K40K60K80K100KSE +/- 11.59, N = 3SE +/- 0.00, N = 3SE +/- 1.33, N = 3499758628178941. (CC) gcc options: -lssl -lcrypto -fopenmp -lm -lrt -lz -ldl -lcrypt

OpenBenchmarking.orgReal C/S, More Is BetterJohn The Ripper 2023.03.14Test: BlowfishGraviton2 64 Cores r6g.metalGraviton4 96 Cores r8g.metal-24xlGraviton1 16 Cores a1.metal20K40K60K80K100KSE +/- 36.69, N = 3SE +/- 3.00, N = 3SE +/- 106.90, N = 15453058566780031. (CC) gcc options: -lssl -lcrypto -fopenmp -lm -lrt -lz -ldl -lcrypt

OpenBenchmarking.orgReal C/S, More Is BetterJohn The Ripper 2023.03.14Test: HMAC-SHA512Graviton2 64 Cores r6g.metalGraviton4 96 Cores r8g.metal-24xlGraviton1 16 Cores a1.metal30M60M90M120M150MSE +/- 77846.72, N = 3SE +/- 162829.50, N = 3SE +/- 9769.57, N = 364712667158238333103216671. (CC) gcc options: -lssl -lcrypto -fopenmp -lm -lrt -lz -ldl -lcrypt

OpenBenchmarking.orgReal C/S, More Is BetterJohn The Ripper 2023.03.14Test: MD5Graviton2 64 Cores r6g.metalGraviton4 96 Cores r8g.metal-24xlGraviton1 16 Cores a1.metal500K1000K1500K2000K2500KSE +/- 333.33, N = 3SE +/- 1201.85, N = 3SE +/- 287.69, N = 3134166723673331904261. (CC) gcc options: -lssl -lcrypto -fopenmp -lm -lrt -lz -ldl -lcrypt

Numpy Benchmark

This is a test to obtain the general Numpy performance. Learn more via the OpenBenchmarking.org test page.

OpenBenchmarking.orgScore, More Is BetterNumpy BenchmarkGraviton2 64 Cores r6g.metalGraviton4 96 Cores r8g.metal-24xlGraviton1 16 Cores a1.metal110220330440550SE +/- 0.29, N = 3SE +/- 0.76, N = 3SE +/- 0.23, N = 3272.07495.78104.59

PHPBench

PHPBench is a benchmark suite for PHP. It performs a large number of simple tests in order to bench various aspects of the PHP interpreter. PHPBench can be used to compare hardware, operating systems, PHP versions, PHP accelerators and caches, compiler options, etc. Learn more via the OpenBenchmarking.org test page.

OpenBenchmarking.orgScore, More Is BetterPHPBench 0.8.1PHP Benchmark SuiteGraviton2 64 Cores r6g.metalGraviton4 96 Cores r8g.metal-24xlGraviton1 16 Cores a1.metal200K400K600K800K1000KSE +/- 2661.11, N = 3SE +/- 273.39, N = 3SE +/- 481.21, N = 3444204829221234211

PostgreSQL

This is a benchmark of PostgreSQL using the integrated pgbench for facilitating the database benchmarks. Learn more via the OpenBenchmarking.org test page.

OpenBenchmarking.orgTPS, More Is BetterPostgreSQL 16Scaling Factor: 100 - Clients: 1000 - Mode: Read OnlyGraviton2 64 Cores r6g.metalGraviton4 96 Cores r8g.metal-24xlGraviton1 16 Cores a1.metal600K1200K1800K2400K3000KSE +/- 7623.84, N = 10SE +/- 15759.90, N = 3SE +/- 107.42, N = 398550928932641018701. (CC) gcc options: -fno-strict-aliasing -fwrapv -O2 -lpgcommon -lpgport -lpq -lm

OpenBenchmarking.orgTPS, More Is BetterPostgreSQL 16Scaling Factor: 100 - Clients: 1000 - Mode: Read WriteGraviton2 64 Cores r6g.metalGraviton4 96 Cores r8g.metal-24xlGraviton1 16 Cores a1.metal10002000300040005000SE +/- 41.55, N = 3SE +/- 40.13, N = 3SE +/- 31.31, N = 34414430346321. (CC) gcc options: -fno-strict-aliasing -fwrapv -O2 -lpgcommon -lpgport -lpq -lm

PyPerformance

OpenBenchmarking.orgMilliseconds, Fewer Is BetterPyPerformance 1.11Benchmark: pathlibGraviton2 64 Cores r6g.metalGraviton4 96 Cores r8g.metal-24xlGraviton1 16 Cores a1.metal20406080100SE +/- 0.00, N = 3SE +/- 0.00, N = 3SE +/- 0.00, N = 331.717.6110.0

OpenBenchmarking.orgMilliseconds, Fewer Is BetterPyPerformance 1.11Benchmark: xml_etreeGraviton2 64 Cores r6g.metalGraviton4 96 Cores r8g.metal-24xlGraviton1 16 Cores a1.metal50100150200250SE +/- 0.00, N = 3SE +/- 0.00, N = 3SE +/- 0.58, N = 3100.058.2230.0

OpenBenchmarking.orgMilliseconds, Fewer Is BetterPyPerformance 1.11Benchmark: json_loadsGraviton2 64 Cores r6g.metalGraviton4 96 Cores r8g.metal-24xlGraviton1 16 Cores a1.metal1632486480SE +/- 0.00, N = 3SE +/- 0.00, N = 3SE +/- 0.10, N = 336.720.672.1

OpenBenchmarking.orgMilliseconds, Fewer Is BetterPyPerformance 1.11Benchmark: crypto_pyaesGraviton2 64 Cores r6g.metalGraviton4 96 Cores r8g.metal-24xlGraviton1 16 Cores a1.metal50100150200250SE +/- 0.00, N = 3SE +/- 0.03, N = 3SE +/- 0.33, N = 3110.065.0227.0

OpenBenchmarking.orgMilliseconds, Fewer Is BetterPyPerformance 1.11Benchmark: regex_compileGraviton2 64 Cores r6g.metalGraviton4 96 Cores r8g.metal-24xlGraviton1 16 Cores a1.metal100200300400500SE +/- 0.00, N = 3SE +/- 0.00, N = 3SE +/- 0.33, N = 3178101455

OpenBenchmarking.orgMilliseconds, Fewer Is BetterPyPerformance 1.11Benchmark: python_startupGraviton2 64 Cores r6g.metalGraviton4 96 Cores r8g.metal-24xlGraviton1 16 Cores a1.metal612182430SE +/- 0.03, N = 3SE +/- 0.00, N = 3SE +/- 0.00, N = 312.407.5525.90

PostgreSQL

This is a benchmark of PostgreSQL using the integrated pgbench for facilitating the database benchmarks. Learn more via the OpenBenchmarking.org test page.

OpenBenchmarking.orgms, Fewer Is BetterPostgreSQL 16Scaling Factor: 100 - Clients: 1000 - Mode: Read Only - Average LatencyGraviton2 64 Cores r6g.metalGraviton4 96 Cores r8g.metal-24xlGraviton1 16 Cores a1.metal3691215SE +/- 0.008, N = 10SE +/- 0.002, N = 3SE +/- 0.010, N = 31.0150.3469.8161. (CC) gcc options: -fno-strict-aliasing -fwrapv -O2 -lpgcommon -lpgport -lpq -lm

OpenBenchmarking.orgms, Fewer Is BetterPostgreSQL 16Scaling Factor: 100 - Clients: 1000 - Mode: Read Write - Average LatencyGraviton2 64 Cores r6g.metalGraviton4 96 Cores r8g.metal-24xlGraviton1 16 Cores a1.metal50100150200250SE +/- 2.15, N = 3SE +/- 2.16, N = 3SE +/- 1.47, N = 3226.57232.43215.891. (CC) gcc options: -fno-strict-aliasing -fwrapv -O2 -lpgcommon -lpgport -lpq -lm

libavif avifenc

This is a test of the AOMedia libavif library testing the encoding of a JPEG image to AV1 Image Format (AVIF). Learn more via the OpenBenchmarking.org test page.

OpenBenchmarking.orgSeconds, Fewer Is Betterlibavif avifenc 1.0Encoder Speed: 0Graviton2 64 Cores r6g.metalGraviton4 96 Cores r8g.metal-24xlGraviton1 16 Cores a1.metal140280420560700SE +/- 0.17, N = 3SE +/- 0.01, N = 3SE +/- 3.02, N = 3251.33130.20668.501. (CXX) g++ options: -O3 -fPIC -lm

OpenBenchmarking.orgSeconds, Fewer Is Betterlibavif avifenc 1.0Encoder Speed: 2Graviton2 64 Cores r6g.metalGraviton4 96 Cores r8g.metal-24xlGraviton1 16 Cores a1.metal80160240320400SE +/- 0.08, N = 3SE +/- 0.02, N = 3SE +/- 0.85, N = 3159.5180.24381.111. (CXX) g++ options: -O3 -fPIC -lm

OpenBenchmarking.orgSeconds, Fewer Is Betterlibavif avifenc 1.0Encoder Speed: 6Graviton2 64 Cores r6g.metalGraviton4 96 Cores r8g.metal-24xlGraviton1 16 Cores a1.metal510152025SE +/- 0.018, N = 3SE +/- 0.014, N = 3SE +/- 0.032, N = 34.5962.77721.2881. (CXX) g++ options: -O3 -fPIC -lm

OpenBenchmarking.orgSeconds, Fewer Is Betterlibavif avifenc 1.0Encoder Speed: 6, LosslessGraviton2 64 Cores r6g.metalGraviton4 96 Cores r8g.metal-24xlGraviton1 16 Cores a1.metal714212835SE +/- 0.034, N = 3SE +/- 0.046, N = 3SE +/- 0.098, N = 38.9695.23728.2291. (CXX) g++ options: -O3 -fPIC -lm

Timed Godot Game Engine Compilation

This test times how long it takes to compile the Godot Game Engine. Godot is a popular, open-source, cross-platform 2D/3D game engine and is built using the SCons build system and targeting the X11 platform. Learn more via the OpenBenchmarking.org test page.

OpenBenchmarking.orgSeconds, Fewer Is BetterTimed Godot Game Engine Compilation 4.0Time To CompileGraviton2 64 Cores r6g.metalGraviton4 96 Cores r8g.metal-24xlGraviton1 16 Cores a1.metal400800120016002000SE +/- 0.92, N = 3SE +/- 1.14, N = 3SE +/- 0.31, N = 3266.14126.351674.47

Timed Node.js Compilation

This test profile times how long it takes to build/compile Node.js itself from source. Node.js is a JavaScript run-time built from the Chrome V8 JavaScript engine while itself is written in C/C++. Learn more via the OpenBenchmarking.org test page.

OpenBenchmarking.orgSeconds, Fewer Is BetterTimed Node.js Compilation 21.7.2Time To CompileGraviton2 64 Cores r6g.metalGraviton4 96 Cores r8g.metal-24xlGraviton1 16 Cores a1.metal10002000300040005000SE +/- 0.21, N = 3SE +/- 0.69, N = 3SE +/- 1.44, N = 3647.62289.274663.28

Timed PHP Compilation

This test times how long it takes to build PHP. Learn more via the OpenBenchmarking.org test page.

OpenBenchmarking.orgSeconds, Fewer Is BetterTimed PHP Compilation 8.3.4Time To CompileGraviton2 64 Cores r6g.metalGraviton4 96 Cores r8g.metal-24xlGraviton1 16 Cores a1.metal100200300400500SE +/- 0.59, N = 3SE +/- 0.10, N = 3SE +/- 0.12, N = 3178.1190.00479.64

C-Ray

OpenBenchmarking.orgSeconds, Fewer Is BetterC-Ray 2.0Resolution: 4K - Rays Per Pixel: 16Graviton2 64 Cores r6g.metalGraviton4 96 Cores r8g.metal-24xlGraviton1 16 Cores a1.metal120240360480600SE +/- 0.02, N = 3SE +/- 0.02, N = 3SE +/- 1.65, N = 363.4918.93566.951. (CC) gcc options: -lpthread -lm

OpenBenchmarking.orgSeconds, Fewer Is BetterC-Ray 2.0Resolution: 5K - Rays Per Pixel: 16Graviton2 64 Cores r6g.metalGraviton4 96 Cores r8g.metal-24xlGraviton1 16 Cores a1.metal2004006008001000SE +/- 0.03, N = 3SE +/- 0.03, N = 3SE +/- 2.98, N = 3112.8733.681008.691. (CC) gcc options: -lpthread -lm

OpenBenchmarking.orgSeconds, Fewer Is BetterC-Ray 2.0Resolution: 1080p - Rays Per Pixel: 16Graviton2 64 Cores r6g.metalGraviton4 96 Cores r8g.metal-24xlGraviton1 16 Cores a1.metal306090120150SE +/- 0.010, N = 3SE +/- 0.007, N = 3SE +/- 0.248, N = 316.1814.891140.8221. (CC) gcc options: -lpthread -lm

Blender

Blender is an open-source 3D creation software project. This test is of Blender's Cycles benchmark with various sample files. GPU computing is supported. This system/blender test profile makes use of the system-supplied Blender. Use pts/blender if wishing to stick to a fixed version of Blender. Learn more via the OpenBenchmarking.org test page.

OpenBenchmarking.orgSeconds, Fewer Is BetterBlender 4.0.2Blend File: BMW27 - Compute: CPU-OnlyGraviton2 64 Cores r6g.metalGraviton4 96 Cores r8g.metal-24xlGraviton1 16 Cores a1.metal130260390520650SE +/- 0.21, N = 3SE +/- 0.03, N = 3SE +/- 0.63, N = 381.5433.72599.39

OpenBenchmarking.orgSeconds, Fewer Is BetterBlender 4.0.2Blend File: Classroom - Compute: CPU-OnlyGraviton2 64 Cores r6g.metalGraviton4 96 Cores r8g.metal-24xlGraviton1 16 Cores a1.metal30060090012001500SE +/- 0.35, N = 3SE +/- 0.03, N = 3SE +/- 0.28, N = 3166.7069.401289.61

OpenBenchmarking.orgSeconds, Fewer Is BetterBlender 4.0.2Blend File: Fishy Cat - Compute: CPU-OnlyGraviton2 64 Cores r6g.metalGraviton4 96 Cores r8g.metal-24xlGraviton1 16 Cores a1.metal2004006008001000SE +/- 0.35, N = 3SE +/- 0.26, N = 3SE +/- 0.38, N = 3146.6864.07952.43

87 Results Shown

Stress-NG:
  CPU Cache
  Power Math
  Matrix Math
  Vector Math
  Floating Point
  Matrix 3D Math
  Memory Copying
  Logarithmic Math
  Fused Multiply-Add
  Trigonometric Math
  Vector Floating Point
OpenSSL:
  SHA256
  SHA512
  ChaCha20
  AES-128-GCM
  AES-256-GCM
  ChaCha20-Poly1305
miniFE
High Performance Conjugate Gradient
ACES DGEMM
GraphicsMagick:
  Sharpen
  Enhanced
  Resizing
  Noise-Gaussian
  HWB Color Space
Coremark
LZ4 Compression:
  1 - Compression Speed
  1 - Decompression Speed
  2 - Compression Speed
  2 - Decompression Speed
  3 - Compression Speed
  3 - Decompression Speed
  9 - Compression Speed
  9 - Decompression Speed
  12 - Compression Speed
  12 - Decompression Speed
srsRAN Project:
  PDSCH Processor Benchmark, Throughput Total
  PUSCH Processor Benchmark, Throughput Total
  PDSCH Processor Benchmark, Throughput Thread
  PUSCH Processor Benchmark, Throughput Thread
7-Zip Compression:
  Compression Rating
  Decompression Rating
WebP Image Encode:
  Default
  Quality 100
  Quality 100, Lossless
  Quality 100, Highest Compression
Stockfish
GROMACS
Apache Cassandra
RocksDB:
  Rand Read
  Update Rand
  Read While Writing
  Read Rand Write Rand
Speedb:
  Rand Read
  Update Rand
  Read While Writing
  Read Rand Write Rand
John The Ripper:
  bcrypt
  WPA PSK
  Blowfish
  HMAC-SHA512
  MD5
Numpy Benchmark
PHPBench
PostgreSQL:
  100 - 1000 - Read Only
  100 - 1000 - Read Write
PyPerformance:
  pathlib
  xml_etree
  json_loads
  crypto_pyaes
  regex_compile
  python_startup
PostgreSQL:
  100 - 1000 - Read Only - Average Latency
  100 - 1000 - Read Write - Average Latency
libavif avifenc:
  0
  2
  6
  6, Lossless
Timed Godot Game Engine Compilation
Timed Node.js Compilation
Timed PHP Compilation
C-Ray:
  4K - 16
  5K - 16
  1080p - 16
Blender:
  BMW27 - CPU-Only
  Classroom - CPU-Only
  Fishy Cat - CPU-Only

Graviton1 16 Cores a1.metal

Processor: ARMv8 Cortex-A72 (16 Cores), Motherboard: Amazon EC2 a1.metal (1.0 BIOS), Memory: 32GB, Disk: 429GB Amazon Elastic Block Store, Network: Amazon Elastic

OS: Ubuntu 24.04, Kernel: 6.8.0-1009-aws (aarch64), Compiler: GCC 13.2.0, File-System: ext4

Kernel Notes: Transparent Huge Pages: madvise
Compiler Notes: --build=aarch64-linux-gnu --disable-libquadmath --disable-libquadmath-support --disable-werror --enable-checking=release --enable-clocale=gnu --enable-default-pie --enable-fix-cortex-a53-843419 --enable-gnu-unique-object --enable-languages=c,ada,c++,go,d,fortran,objc,obj-c++,m2 --enable-libphobos-checking=release --enable-libstdcxx-backtrace --enable-libstdcxx-debug --enable-libstdcxx-time=yes --enable-multiarch --enable-nls --enable-objc-gc=auto --enable-offload-defaulted --enable-offload-targets=nvptx-none=/build/gcc-13-dIwDw0/gcc-13-13.2.0/debian/tmp-nvptx/usr --enable-plugin --enable-shared --enable-threads=posix --host=aarch64-linux-gnu --program-prefix=aarch64-linux-gnu- --target=aarch64-linux-gnu --with-default-libstdcxx-abi=new --with-gcc-major-version-only --with-target-system-zlib=auto --without-cuda-driver -v
Java Notes: OpenJDK Runtime Environment (build 11.0.23+9-post-Ubuntu-1ubuntu1)
Python Notes: Python 3.12.3
Security Notes: gather_data_sampling: Not affected + itlb_multihit: Not affected + l1tf: Not affected + mds: Not affected + meltdown: Not affected + mmio_stale_data: Not affected + reg_file_data_sampling: Not affected + retbleed: Not affected + spec_rstack_overflow: Not affected + spec_store_bypass: Not affected + spectre_v1: Mitigation of __user pointer sanitization + spectre_v2: Mitigation of Branch predictor hardening BHB + srbds: Not affected + tsx_async_abort: Not affected

Testing initiated at 22 July 2024 16:02 by user ubuntu.

Graviton4 96 Cores r8g.metal-24xl

Processor: ARMv8 Neoverse-V2 (96 Cores), Motherboard: Amazon EC2 r8g.metal-24xl (1.0 BIOS), Memory: 12 x 64GB DDR5-5600MT/s, Disk: 429GB Amazon Elastic Block Store, Network: Amazon Elastic

OS: Ubuntu 24.04, Kernel: 6.8.0-1009-aws (aarch64), Compiler: GCC 13.2.0, File-System: ext4

Kernel Notes: Transparent Huge Pages: madvise
Compiler Notes: --build=aarch64-linux-gnu --disable-libquadmath --disable-libquadmath-support --disable-werror --enable-checking=release --enable-clocale=gnu --enable-default-pie --enable-fix-cortex-a53-843419 --enable-gnu-unique-object --enable-languages=c,ada,c++,go,d,fortran,objc,obj-c++,m2 --enable-libphobos-checking=release --enable-libstdcxx-backtrace --enable-libstdcxx-debug --enable-libstdcxx-time=yes --enable-multiarch --enable-nls --enable-objc-gc=auto --enable-offload-defaulted --enable-offload-targets=nvptx-none=/build/gcc-13-dIwDw0/gcc-13-13.2.0/debian/tmp-nvptx/usr --enable-plugin --enable-shared --enable-threads=posix --host=aarch64-linux-gnu --program-prefix=aarch64-linux-gnu- --target=aarch64-linux-gnu --with-default-libstdcxx-abi=new --with-gcc-major-version-only --with-target-system-zlib=auto --without-cuda-driver -v
Java Notes: OpenJDK Runtime Environment (build 11.0.23+9-post-Ubuntu-1ubuntu1)
Python Notes: Python 3.12.3
Security Notes: gather_data_sampling: Not affected + itlb_multihit: Not affected + l1tf: Not affected + mds: Not affected + meltdown: Not affected + mmio_stale_data: Not affected + reg_file_data_sampling: Not affected + retbleed: Not affected + spec_rstack_overflow: Not affected + spec_store_bypass: Mitigation of SSB disabled via prctl + spectre_v1: Mitigation of __user pointer sanitization + spectre_v2: Not affected + srbds: Not affected + tsx_async_abort: Not affected

Testing initiated at 23 July 2024 14:12 by user ubuntu.

Graviton2 64 Cores r6g.metal

Processor: ARMv8 Neoverse-N1 (64 Cores), Motherboard: Amazon EC2 r6g.metal (1.0 BIOS), Memory: 8 x 64GB DDR4-3200MT/s, Disk: 429GB Amazon Elastic Block Store, Network: Amazon Elastic

OS: Ubuntu 24.04, Kernel: 6.8.0-1009-aws (aarch64), Compiler: GCC 13.2.0, File-System: ext4

Kernel Notes: Transparent Huge Pages: madvise
Compiler Notes: --build=aarch64-linux-gnu --disable-libquadmath --disable-libquadmath-support --disable-werror --enable-checking=release --enable-clocale=gnu --enable-default-pie --enable-fix-cortex-a53-843419 --enable-gnu-unique-object --enable-languages=c,ada,c++,go,d,fortran,objc,obj-c++,m2 --enable-libphobos-checking=release --enable-libstdcxx-backtrace --enable-libstdcxx-debug --enable-libstdcxx-time=yes --enable-multiarch --enable-nls --enable-objc-gc=auto --enable-offload-defaulted --enable-offload-targets=nvptx-none=/build/gcc-13-dIwDw0/gcc-13-13.2.0/debian/tmp-nvptx/usr --enable-plugin --enable-shared --enable-threads=posix --host=aarch64-linux-gnu --program-prefix=aarch64-linux-gnu- --target=aarch64-linux-gnu --with-default-libstdcxx-abi=new --with-gcc-major-version-only --with-target-system-zlib=auto --without-cuda-driver -v
Java Notes: OpenJDK Runtime Environment (build 11.0.23+9-post-Ubuntu-1ubuntu1)
Python Notes: Python 3.12.3
Security Notes: gather_data_sampling: Not affected + itlb_multihit: Not affected + l1tf: Not affected + mds: Not affected + meltdown: Not affected + mmio_stale_data: Not affected + reg_file_data_sampling: Not affected + retbleed: Not affected + spec_rstack_overflow: Not affected + spec_store_bypass: Mitigation of SSB disabled via prctl + spectre_v1: Mitigation of __user pointer sanitization + spectre_v2: Mitigation of CSV2 BHB + srbds: Not affected + tsx_async_abort: Not affected

Testing initiated at 23 July 2024 20:01 by user ubuntu.