resultfile.txt

hetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_raw-KVM-writeback_newer_raid

HTML result view exported from: https://openbenchmarking.org/result/2005049-NI-2005034NI06&grs&rdt.

resultfile.txtProcessorMotherboardChipsetMemoryDiskGraphicsMonitorNetworkOSKernelCompilerFile-SystemScreen ResolutionSystem Layerhetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-raid1_optimized_arc8-16-KVM-nocachehetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_qcow2-KVM-nocachehetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_raw-KVM-nocachehetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_raw-KVM-nocache-2-newer raidhetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_qcow2-with-snapshots-KVM-nocachehetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_qcow2-wo-snapshots-KVM-nocache-newer_raidhetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_raw-KVM-writeback2 x Common KVM (16 Cores)QEMU Standard PC (i440FX + PIIX 1996) (rel-1.12.1-0-ga5cab58e9a3f-prebuilt.qemu.org BIOS)Intel 440FX 82441FX PMC12GB429GB QEMU HDDbochs-drmdrmfbQEMU MonitorRed Hat Virtio deviceUbuntu 20.045.4.0-26-generic (x86_64)GCC 9.3.0ext41024x768KVM5.4.0-28-generic (x86_64)OpenBenchmarking.orgCompiler Details- --build=x86_64-linux-gnu --disable-vtable-verify --disable-werror --enable-checking=release --enable-clocale=gnu --enable-default-pie --enable-gnu-unique-object --enable-languages=c,ada,c++,go,brig,d,fortran,objc,obj-c++,gm2 --enable-libstdcxx-debug --enable-libstdcxx-time=yes --enable-multiarch --enable-multilib --enable-nls --enable-objc-gc=auto --enable-offload-targets=nvptx-none,hsa --enable-plugin --enable-shared --enable-threads=posix --host=x86_64-linux-gnu --program-prefix=x86_64-linux-gnu- --target=x86_64-linux-gnu --with-abi=m64 --with-arch-32=i686 --with-default-libstdcxx-abi=new --with-gcc-major-version-only --with-multilib-list=m32,m64,mx32 --with-target-system-zlib=auto --with-tune=generic --without-cuda-driver -vDisk Details- MQ-DEADLINE / relatime,rwProcessor Details- CPU Microcode: 0x1000065Java Details- OpenJDK Runtime Environment AdoptOpenJDK (build 11.0.7+10)Python Details- hetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-raid1_optimized_arc8-16-KVM-nocache: + Python 3.8.2Security Details- itlb_multihit: Not affected + l1tf: Not affected + mds: Not affected + meltdown: Not affected + spec_store_bypass: Not affected + spectre_v1: Mitigation of usercopy/swapgs barriers and __user pointer sanitization + spectre_v2: Mitigation of Full AMD retpoline STIBP: disabled RSB filling + tsx_async_abort: Not affected

resultfile.txtfio: Rand Read - Linux AIO - No - Yes - 2MB - Default Test Directoryfio: Seq Write - Linux AIO - No - Yes - 2MB - Default Test Directoryfs-mark: 1000 Files, 1MB Sizefs-mark: 4000 Files, 32 Sub Dirs, 1MB Sizefio: Seq Write - Linux AIO - No - Yes - 2MB - Default Test Directoryfio: Seq Read - Linux AIO - No - Yes - 2MB - Default Test Directoryfio: Seq Read - Linux AIO - No - Yes - 2MB - Default Test Directoryfio: Rand Write - Linux AIO - No - Yes - 4KB - Default Test Directoryfio: Rand Write - Linux AIO - No - Yes - 4KB - Default Test Directorypgbench: On-Disk - Single Thread - Read Writedbench: 12 Clientspgbench: Mostly RAM - Single Thread - Read Writefio: Seq Write - Linux AIO - No - Yes - 4KB - Default Test Directoryfio: Seq Write - Linux AIO - No - Yes - 4KB - Default Test Directorysqlite: 1fio: Rand Read - Linux AIO - No - Yes - 2MB - Default Test Directorypgbench: Buffer Test - Normal Load - Read Writesqlite: Timed SQLite Insertionspgbench: Buffer Test - Heavy Contention - Read Writerocksdb: Rand Fill Syncpgbench: On-Disk - Heavy Contention - Read Onlypgbench: On-Disk - Single Thread - Read Onlypgbench: Buffer Test - Single Thread - Read Writeleveldb: Fill Syncpgbench: Mostly RAM - Single Thread - Read Onlymysqlslap: 1fio: Seq Read - Linux AIO - No - Yes - 4KB - Default Test Directoryfio: Seq Read - Linux AIO - No - Yes - 4KB - Default Test Directorypgbench: On-Disk - Normal Load - Read Onlyfio: Rand Read - Linux AIO - No - Yes - 4KB - Default Test Directoryfio: Rand Read - Linux AIO - No - Yes - 4KB - Default Test Directorymysqlslap: 4pgbench: Mostly RAM - Heavy Contention - Read Onlypgbench: Mostly RAM - Normal Load - Read Onlydbench: 1 Clientsmysqlslap: 8fs-mark: 1000 Files, 1MB Size, No Sync/FSyncpgbench: Buffer Test - Single Thread - Read Onlypostmark: Disk Transaction Performancepgbench: Buffer Test - Heavy Contention - Read Onlypgbench: Buffer Test - Normal Load - Read Onlyrocksdb: Read While Writingmysqlslap: 16redis: SETcassandra: Mixed 1:3cassandra: Writescassandra: Mixed 1:1mysqlslap: 32mysqlslap: 256mysqlslap: 128leveldb: Rand Deleteleveldb: Overwritemysqlslap: 64leveldb: Overwriteleveldb: Rand Fillleveldb: Rand Fillsqlite-speedtest: Timed Time - Size 1,000redis: LPUSHleveldb: Rand Readleveldb: Seek Randleveldb: Seq Fillleveldb: Seq Fillleveldb: Hot Readrocksdb: Rand Readfio: Rand Write - Linux AIO - No - Yes - 2MB - Default Test Directoryrocksdb: Seq Fillrocksdb: Rand Fillcassandra: Readsredis: GETredis: SADDredis: LPOPpgbench: Mostly RAM - Heavy Contention - Read Writepgbench: On-Disk - Heavy Contention - Read Writepgbench: Mostly RAM - Normal Load - Read Writepgbench: On-Disk - Normal Load - Read Writeleveldb: Fill Syncfs-mark: 5000 Files, 1MB Size, 4 Threadsfio: Rand Write - Linux AIO - No - Yes - 2MB - Default Test Directoryhetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-raid1_optimized_arc8-16-KVM-nocachehetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_qcow2-KVM-nocachehetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_raw-KVM-nocachehetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_raw-KVM-nocache-2-newer raidhetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_qcow2-with-snapshots-KVM-nocachehetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_qcow2-wo-snapshots-KVM-nocache-newer_raidhetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_raw-KVM-writeback2214386.1411.1644823113537365.11193427741.9665671682.16953.5755141318005156.871443618272.4986807.00916632.4924171559367042.4647672589.2652791611.9305871.94378.046429479455314166767869.817946555142000285092715.94094397011.238885551.62022391826.717336.9718184934203916.489785182935.329738121558015431368305.2226541351252786299313917590.11318.448595.94218.296.76584.5731177758.5013.41022.58693.19618.913.11058373234339503278850283071859103.881604813.712027800.004188.6610883417.0888614354.0901063574.124185911.440555.064761953898729.5718.4445112422554191073331112.8293282360.611318.5234571126674416.425391322726.4553366.46820664.1928991744470555.1830973272.6791781875.0777302.04948.939506532864616533368340.5155295401380003158103698.160761103745.144767621.13524672050.719348.2633265434224243.240590197667.012387134496916821439851.23281733757929541106113717387.04819.049292.70918.794.04982.1201138770.7813.22021.66790.79819.413.07158117599918467068315537271531777724.711653600.131193689.376310.7537657294.6194417623.4754707369.490220880.4091551.74551957926893.9869.845991518384501150001169.4764382405.741352.5709311270004965.622392124178.3521475.34121621.7688592013373464.5438913278.7483502014.0908452.25007.556759577166817100070866.9896915631440003421109215.213161105777.226262612.98025362093.319551.2352715555226292.788497204283.547677128663216961353226.08284723770628636103613316988.37318.747694.08618.495.67080.9551128226.7213.47122.33391.20819.313.23557928003912361818385891279951763000.771500184.001185707.686660.4167466168.6134456999.8681386490.616432789.5701960.045226011224917.7906.760894018874521156671207.5590862620.351412.7968211413335525.028520924502.2715755.25522075.8502781995874685.0214113271.8053942043.0831572.45117.335388600069117700072626.7349265491403333501111456.780146107796.463695627.63426002115.719859.5457635681228663.808364204947.511653132078217061461056.06285693797729979105113517188.32018.548094.91119.092.57581.2041156750.8613.50221.85490.15619.513.103577198561206330121375993287161783736.211614802.031252589.1910350.43431912793.69761514274.46704314151.646825708.7362093.359919321233643.3838.261311672340383977331147.4234722446.061326.4461041200004696.622387023044.5682386.78021368.9724841659465653.4275513135.0616991894.5794051.94906.287585493563516233366390.540042521133333298599422.730974102711.854673599.75423371913.219838.2828075208226734.347150204397.155906127867316461362838.67290223739929373105014117992.05718.050297.71218.197.01281.1311149446.5013.80022.35993.95718.813.456587354121079362402363261287961899712.751560247.631914749.625174.1314235050.1121847822.88314911819.974477915.3881993.453619231226712.0675.860911652337358917001115.3967832427.141312.0615231033334046.356385323265.9420446.42820857.6918871617564292.8939213297.0400181902.1673552.05008.063433506961115666764030.414291523133667297098458.95101998597.687604640.22623682091.920021.9630065639229061.498325205478.121275131119015921343592.00284653791230055100814218088.64718.549695.00618.893.57680.9241162530.5813.54822.15591.94419.213.07358533208837392777363881278561758294.841582766.051254641.265236.2180315028.5026894805.8878044585.390914900.8161542.5415118002964824.5820.41479119676051546671071.0380061942.611243.3172601520005946.57322764.4869516.91920609.8889241847782411.6800503062.6021221695.2632042.25485.912778530064316475079403.8035226461650002953113246.653355114716.894999544.31923132095.219492.0609155597230551.360215204736.260050130226316071474763.97284343744129941101013917587.25418.548895.08818.694.56280.7431180323.8813.43622.39092.16919.213.370572885453103323651355600277671761681.671523668.881681055.755030.5427024504.8930984920.9797724397.058492801.7821845.71548OpenBenchmarking.org

Flexible IO Tester

Type: Random Read - IO Engine: Linux AIO - Buffered: No - Direct: Yes - Block Size: 2MB - Disk Target: Default Test Directory

OpenBenchmarking.orgIOPS, More Is BetterFlexible IO Tester 3.18Type: Random Read - IO Engine: Linux AIO - Buffered: No - Direct: Yes - Block Size: 2MB - Disk Target: Default Test Directoryhetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-raid1_optimized_arc8-16-KVM-nocachehetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_qcow2-KVM-nocachehetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_raw-KVM-nocachehetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_raw-KVM-nocache-2-newer raidhetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_qcow2-with-snapshots-KVM-nocachehetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_qcow2-wo-snapshots-KVM-nocache-newer_raidhetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_raw-KVM-writeback3K6K9K12K15KSE +/- 11.15, N = 3SE +/- 0.67, N = 3SE +/- 1.00, N = 3SE +/- 0.67, N = 3221419531957260119321923118001. (CC) gcc options: -rdynamic -std=gnu99 -ffast-math -include -O3 -fcommon -U_FORTIFY_SOURCE -march=native -ll -lrt -laio -lz -lpthread -lm -ldl

Flexible IO Tester

Type: Sequential Write - IO Engine: Linux AIO - Buffered: No - Direct: Yes - Block Size: 2MB - Disk Target: Default Test Directory

OpenBenchmarking.orgMB/s, More Is BetterFlexible IO Tester 3.18Type: Sequential Write - IO Engine: Linux AIO - Buffered: No - Direct: Yes - Block Size: 2MB - Disk Target: Default Test Directoryhetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_qcow2-KVM-nocachehetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_raw-KVM-nocachehetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_raw-KVM-nocache-2-newer raidhetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_qcow2-with-snapshots-KVM-nocachehetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_qcow2-wo-snapshots-KVM-nocache-newer_raidhetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_raw-KVM-writeback6001200180024003000SE +/- 29.85, N = 12SE +/- 10.52, N = 15SE +/- 12.90, N = 3SE +/- 0.88, N = 3SE +/- 6.17, N = 3SE +/- 30.89, N = 389892612241233122629641. (CC) gcc options: -rdynamic -std=gnu99 -ffast-math -include -O3 -fcommon -U_FORTIFY_SOURCE -march=native -ll -lrt -laio -lz -lpthread -lm -ldl

FS-Mark

Test: 1000 Files, 1MB Size

OpenBenchmarking.orgFiles/s, More Is BetterFS-Mark 3.3Test: 1000 Files, 1MB Sizehetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-raid1_optimized_arc8-16-KVM-nocachehetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_qcow2-KVM-nocachehetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_raw-KVM-nocachehetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_raw-KVM-nocache-2-newer raidhetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_qcow2-with-snapshots-KVM-nocachehetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_qcow2-wo-snapshots-KVM-nocache-newer_raidhetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_raw-KVM-writeback2004006008001000SE +/- 7.32, N = 15SE +/- 10.17, N = 3SE +/- 9.42, N = 15SE +/- 9.44, N = 15SE +/- 23.35, N = 12SE +/- 6.49, N = 15SE +/- 7.93, N = 3386.1729.5893.9917.7643.3712.0824.51. (CC) gcc options: -static

FS-Mark

Test: 4000 Files, 32 Sub Dirs, 1MB Size

OpenBenchmarking.orgFiles/s, More Is BetterFS-Mark 3.3Test: 4000 Files, 32 Sub Dirs, 1MB Sizehetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-raid1_optimized_arc8-16-KVM-nocachehetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_qcow2-KVM-nocachehetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_raw-KVM-nocachehetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_raw-KVM-nocache-2-newer raidhetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_qcow2-with-snapshots-KVM-nocachehetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_qcow2-wo-snapshots-KVM-nocache-newer_raidhetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_raw-KVM-writeback2004006008001000SE +/- 3.37, N = 15SE +/- 6.81, N = 10SE +/- 7.54, N = 15SE +/- 8.13, N = 15SE +/- 10.90, N = 4SE +/- 3.67, N = 3SE +/- 9.89, N = 3411.1718.4869.8906.7838.2675.8820.41. (CC) gcc options: -static

Flexible IO Tester

Type: Sequential Write - IO Engine: Linux AIO - Buffered: No - Direct: Yes - Block Size: 2MB - Disk Target: Default Test Directory

OpenBenchmarking.orgIOPS, More Is BetterFlexible IO Tester 3.18Type: Sequential Write - IO Engine: Linux AIO - Buffered: No - Direct: Yes - Block Size: 2MB - Disk Target: Default Test Directoryhetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-raid1_optimized_arc8-16-KVM-nocachehetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_qcow2-KVM-nocachehetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_raw-KVM-nocachehetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_raw-KVM-nocache-2-newer raidhetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_qcow2-with-snapshots-KVM-nocachehetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_qcow2-wo-snapshots-KVM-nocache-newer_raidhetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_raw-KVM-writeback14002800420056007000SE +/- 74.05, N = 3SE +/- 14.90, N = 12SE +/- 5.28, N = 15SE +/- 6.33, N = 3SE +/- 0.58, N = 3SE +/- 3.00, N = 3SE +/- 15.30, N = 3644844545960861360914791. (CC) gcc options: -rdynamic -std=gnu99 -ffast-math -include -O3 -fcommon -U_FORTIFY_SOURCE -march=native -ll -lrt -laio -lz -lpthread -lm -ldl

Flexible IO Tester

Type: Sequential Read - IO Engine: Linux AIO - Buffered: No - Direct: Yes - Block Size: 2MB - Disk Target: Default Test Directory

OpenBenchmarking.orgIOPS, More Is BetterFlexible IO Tester 3.18Type: Sequential Read - IO Engine: Linux AIO - Buffered: No - Direct: Yes - Block Size: 2MB - Disk Target: Default Test Directoryhetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_raw-KVM-writebackhetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-raid1_optimized_arc8-16-KVM-nocachehetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_qcow2-KVM-nocachehetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_raw-KVM-nocachehetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_raw-KVM-nocache-2-newer raidhetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_qcow2-with-snapshots-KVM-nocachehetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_qcow2-wo-snapshots-KVM-nocache-newer_raid3K6K9K12K15KSE +/- 133.33, N = 3SE +/- 547.76, N = 15SE +/- 6.84, N = 3SE +/- 12.50, N = 3SE +/- 1.00, N = 3SE +/- 1.45, N = 3SE +/- 2.33, N = 31216723111124915940116711651. (CC) gcc options: -rdynamic -std=gnu99 -ffast-math -include -O3 -fcommon -U_FORTIFY_SOURCE -march=native -ll -lrt -laio -lz -lpthread -lm -ldl

Flexible IO Tester

Type: Sequential Read - IO Engine: Linux AIO - Buffered: No - Direct: Yes - Block Size: 2MB - Disk Target: Default Test Directory

OpenBenchmarking.orgMB/s, More Is BetterFlexible IO Tester 3.18Type: Sequential Read - IO Engine: Linux AIO - Buffered: No - Direct: Yes - Block Size: 2MB - Disk Target: Default Test Directoryhetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-raid1_optimized_arc8-16-KVM-nocachehetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_qcow2-KVM-nocachehetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_raw-KVM-nocachehetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_raw-KVM-nocache-2-newer raidhetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_qcow2-with-snapshots-KVM-nocachehetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_qcow2-wo-snapshots-KVM-nocache-newer_raid8001600240032004000SE +/- 92.26, N = 14SE +/- 13.84, N = 3SE +/- 24.67, N = 3SE +/- 2.00, N = 3SE +/- 2.60, N = 3SE +/- 4.41, N = 33537225518381887234023371. (CC) gcc options: -rdynamic -std=gnu99 -ffast-math -include -O3 -fcommon -U_FORTIFY_SOURCE -march=native -ll -lrt -laio -lz -lpthread -lm -ldl

Flexible IO Tester

Type: Random Write - IO Engine: Linux AIO - Buffered: No - Direct: Yes - Block Size: 4KB - Disk Target: Default Test Directory

OpenBenchmarking.orgMB/s, More Is BetterFlexible IO Tester 3.18Type: Random Write - IO Engine: Linux AIO - Buffered: No - Direct: Yes - Block Size: 4KB - Disk Target: Default Test Directoryhetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-raid1_optimized_arc8-16-KVM-nocachehetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_qcow2-KVM-nocachehetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_raw-KVM-nocachehetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_raw-KVM-nocache-2-newer raidhetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_qcow2-with-snapshots-KVM-nocachehetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_qcow2-wo-snapshots-KVM-nocache-newer_raidhetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_raw-KVM-writeback130260390520650SE +/- 69.25, N = 12SE +/- 4.58, N = 3SE +/- 6.89, N = 3SE +/- 2.60, N = 3SE +/- 1.33, N = 3SE +/- 4.41, N = 3365.11419.00450.00452.00383.00358.00605.001. (CC) gcc options: -rdynamic -std=gnu99 -ffast-math -include -O3 -fcommon -U_FORTIFY_SOURCE -march=native -ll -lrt -laio -lz -lpthread -lm -ldl

Flexible IO Tester

Type: Random Write - IO Engine: Linux AIO - Buffered: No - Direct: Yes - Block Size: 4KB - Disk Target: Default Test Directory

OpenBenchmarking.orgIOPS, More Is BetterFlexible IO Tester 3.18Type: Random Write - IO Engine: Linux AIO - Buffered: No - Direct: Yes - Block Size: 4KB - Disk Target: Default Test Directoryhetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-raid1_optimized_arc8-16-KVM-nocachehetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_qcow2-KVM-nocachehetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_raw-KVM-nocachehetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_raw-KVM-nocache-2-newer raidhetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_qcow2-with-snapshots-KVM-nocachehetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_qcow2-wo-snapshots-KVM-nocache-newer_raidhetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_raw-KVM-writeback30K60K90K120K150KSE +/- 17723.51, N = 12SE +/- 1201.85, N = 3SE +/- 1527.53, N = 3SE +/- 881.92, N = 3SE +/- 545.69, N = 3SE +/- 351.19, N = 3SE +/- 1201.85, N = 39342710733311500011566797733917001546671. (CC) gcc options: -rdynamic -std=gnu99 -ffast-math -include -O3 -fcommon -U_FORTIFY_SOURCE -march=native -ll -lrt -laio -lz -lpthread -lm -ldl

PostgreSQL pgbench

Scaling: On-Disk - Test: Single Thread - Mode: Read Write

OpenBenchmarking.orgTPS, More Is BetterPostgreSQL pgbench 12.0Scaling: On-Disk - Test: Single Thread - Mode: Read Writehetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-raid1_optimized_arc8-16-KVM-nocachehetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_qcow2-KVM-nocachehetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_raw-KVM-nocachehetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_raw-KVM-nocache-2-newer raidhetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_qcow2-with-snapshots-KVM-nocachehetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_qcow2-wo-snapshots-KVM-nocache-newer_raidhetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_raw-KVM-writeback30060090012001500SE +/- 3.08, N = 3SE +/- 9.83, N = 3SE +/- 3.19, N = 3SE +/- 6.91, N = 3SE +/- 7.19, N = 3SE +/- 8.97, N = 3SE +/- 12.79, N = 3741.971112.831169.481207.561147.421115.401071.041. (CC) gcc options: -fno-strict-aliasing -fwrapv -O2 -lpgcommon -lpgport -lpq -lpthread -lrt -lcrypt -ldl -lm

Dbench

12 Clients

OpenBenchmarking.orgMB/s, More Is BetterDbench 4.012 Clientshetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-raid1_optimized_arc8-16-KVM-nocachehetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_qcow2-KVM-nocachehetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_raw-KVM-nocachehetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_raw-KVM-nocache-2-newer raidhetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_qcow2-with-snapshots-KVM-nocachehetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_qcow2-wo-snapshots-KVM-nocache-newer_raidhetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_raw-KVM-writeback6001200180024003000SE +/- 2.04, N = 3SE +/- 2.84, N = 3SE +/- 10.43, N = 3SE +/- 1.85, N = 3SE +/- 2.69, N = 3SE +/- 19.83, N = 3SE +/- 3.82, N = 31682.162360.612405.742620.352446.062427.141942.611. (CC) gcc options: -lpopt -O2

PostgreSQL pgbench

Scaling: Mostly RAM - Test: Single Thread - Mode: Read Write

OpenBenchmarking.orgTPS, More Is BetterPostgreSQL pgbench 12.0Scaling: Mostly RAM - Test: Single Thread - Mode: Read Writehetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-raid1_optimized_arc8-16-KVM-nocachehetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_qcow2-KVM-nocachehetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_raw-KVM-nocachehetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_raw-KVM-nocache-2-newer raidhetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_qcow2-with-snapshots-KVM-nocachehetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_qcow2-wo-snapshots-KVM-nocache-newer_raidhetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_raw-KVM-writeback30060090012001500SE +/- 11.40, N = 3SE +/- 15.65, N = 3SE +/- 9.52, N = 3SE +/- 8.68, N = 3SE +/- 12.89, N = 3SE +/- 11.43, N = 3SE +/- 9.35, N = 3953.581318.521352.571412.801326.451312.061243.321. (CC) gcc options: -fno-strict-aliasing -fwrapv -O2 -lpgcommon -lpgport -lpq -lpthread -lrt -lcrypt -ldl -lm

Flexible IO Tester

Type: Sequential Write - IO Engine: Linux AIO - Buffered: No - Direct: Yes - Block Size: 4KB - Disk Target: Default Test Directory

OpenBenchmarking.orgIOPS, More Is BetterFlexible IO Tester 3.18Type: Sequential Write - IO Engine: Linux AIO - Buffered: No - Direct: Yes - Block Size: 4KB - Disk Target: Default Test Directoryhetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-raid1_optimized_arc8-16-KVM-nocachehetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_qcow2-KVM-nocachehetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_raw-KVM-nocachehetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_raw-KVM-nocache-2-newer raidhetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_qcow2-with-snapshots-KVM-nocachehetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_qcow2-wo-snapshots-KVM-nocache-newer_raidhetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_raw-KVM-writeback30K60K90K120K150KSE +/- 1983.74, N = 15SE +/- 1452.97, N = 3SE +/- 2000.00, N = 3SE +/- 1452.97, N = 3SE +/- 1000.00, N = 3SE +/- 666.67, N = 31318001126671270001413331200001033331520001. (CC) gcc options: -rdynamic -std=gnu99 -ffast-math -include -O3 -fcommon -U_FORTIFY_SOURCE -march=native -ll -lrt -laio -lz -lpthread -lm -ldl

Flexible IO Tester

Type: Sequential Write - IO Engine: Linux AIO - Buffered: No - Direct: Yes - Block Size: 4KB - Disk Target: Default Test Directory

OpenBenchmarking.orgMB/s, More Is BetterFlexible IO Tester 3.18Type: Sequential Write - IO Engine: Linux AIO - Buffered: No - Direct: Yes - Block Size: 4KB - Disk Target: Default Test Directoryhetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-raid1_optimized_arc8-16-KVM-nocachehetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_qcow2-KVM-nocachehetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_raw-KVM-nocachehetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_raw-KVM-nocache-2-newer raidhetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_qcow2-with-snapshots-KVM-nocachehetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_qcow2-wo-snapshots-KVM-nocache-newer_raidhetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_raw-KVM-writeback130260390520650SE +/- 7.77, N = 15SE +/- 6.43, N = 3SE +/- 6.84, N = 3SE +/- 3.33, N = 3SE +/- 2.19, N = 35154414965524694045941. (CC) gcc options: -rdynamic -std=gnu99 -ffast-math -include -O3 -fcommon -U_FORTIFY_SOURCE -march=native -ll -lrt -laio -lz -lpthread -lm -ldl

SQLite

Threads / Copies: 1

OpenBenchmarking.orgSeconds, Fewer Is BetterSQLite 3.30.1Threads / Copies: 1hetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-raid1_optimized_arc8-16-KVM-nocachehetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_qcow2-KVM-nocachehetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_raw-KVM-nocachehetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_raw-KVM-nocache-2-newer raidhetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_qcow2-with-snapshots-KVM-nocachehetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_qcow2-wo-snapshots-KVM-nocache-newer_raidhetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_raw-KVM-writeback246810SE +/- 0.098, N = 3SE +/- 0.055, N = 15SE +/- 0.041, N = 3SE +/- 0.050, N = 8SE +/- 0.054, N = 3SE +/- 0.076, N = 3SE +/- 0.069, N = 86.8716.4255.6225.0286.6226.3566.5731. (CC) gcc options: -O2 -lz -lm -ldl -lpthread

Flexible IO Tester

Type: Random Read - IO Engine: Linux AIO - Buffered: No - Direct: Yes - Block Size: 2MB - Disk Target: Default Test Directory

OpenBenchmarking.orgMB/s, More Is BetterFlexible IO Tester 3.18Type: Random Read - IO Engine: Linux AIO - Buffered: No - Direct: Yes - Block Size: 2MB - Disk Target: Default Test Directoryhetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-raid1_optimized_arc8-16-KVM-nocachehetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_qcow2-KVM-nocachehetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_raw-KVM-nocachehetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_raw-KVM-nocache-2-newer raidhetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_qcow2-with-snapshots-KVM-nocachehetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_qcow2-wo-snapshots-KVM-nocache-newer_raid11002200330044005500SE +/- 22.56, N = 3SE +/- 1.20, N = 3SE +/- 2.19, N = 3SE +/- 3.21, N = 3SE +/- 0.67, N = 3SE +/- 1.33, N = 34436391339215209387038531. (CC) gcc options: -rdynamic -std=gnu99 -ffast-math -include -O3 -fcommon -U_FORTIFY_SOURCE -march=native -ll -lrt -laio -lz -lpthread -lm -ldl

PostgreSQL pgbench

Scaling: Buffer Test - Test: Normal Load - Mode: Read Write

OpenBenchmarking.orgTPS, More Is BetterPostgreSQL pgbench 12.0Scaling: Buffer Test - Test: Normal Load - Mode: Read Writehetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-raid1_optimized_arc8-16-KVM-nocachehetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_qcow2-KVM-nocachehetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_raw-KVM-nocachehetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_raw-KVM-nocache-2-newer raidhetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_qcow2-with-snapshots-KVM-nocachehetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_qcow2-wo-snapshots-KVM-nocache-newer_raidhetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_raw-KVM-writeback5K10K15K20K25KSE +/- 26.58, N = 3SE +/- 169.92, N = 3SE +/- 140.00, N = 3SE +/- 93.07, N = 3SE +/- 97.99, N = 3SE +/- 171.34, N = 3SE +/- 41.18, N = 318272.5022726.4624178.3524502.2723044.5723265.9422764.491. (CC) gcc options: -fno-strict-aliasing -fwrapv -O2 -lpgcommon -lpgport -lpq -lpthread -lrt -lcrypt -ldl -lm

SQLite

Timed SQLite Insertions

OpenBenchmarking.orgSeconds, Fewer Is BetterSQLite 3.30.1Timed SQLite Insertionshetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-raid1_optimized_arc8-16-KVM-nocachehetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_qcow2-KVM-nocachehetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_raw-KVM-nocachehetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_raw-KVM-nocache-2-newer raidhetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_qcow2-with-snapshots-KVM-nocachehetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_qcow2-wo-snapshots-KVM-nocache-newer_raidhetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_raw-KVM-writeback246810SE +/- 0.059, N = 3SE +/- 0.077, N = 6SE +/- 0.064, N = 15SE +/- 0.064, N = 15SE +/- 0.220, N = 15SE +/- 0.044, N = 3SE +/- 0.065, N = 157.0096.4685.3415.2556.7806.4286.9191. (CC) gcc options: -O2 -lz -lm -ldl -lpthread

PostgreSQL pgbench

Scaling: Buffer Test - Test: Heavy Contention - Mode: Read Write

OpenBenchmarking.orgTPS, More Is BetterPostgreSQL pgbench 12.0Scaling: Buffer Test - Test: Heavy Contention - Mode: Read Writehetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-raid1_optimized_arc8-16-KVM-nocachehetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_qcow2-KVM-nocachehetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_raw-KVM-nocachehetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_raw-KVM-nocache-2-newer raidhetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_qcow2-with-snapshots-KVM-nocachehetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_qcow2-wo-snapshots-KVM-nocache-newer_raidhetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_raw-KVM-writeback5K10K15K20K25KSE +/- 167.77, N = 3SE +/- 198.69, N = 9SE +/- 227.68, N = 8SE +/- 96.87, N = 3SE +/- 164.95, N = 15SE +/- 259.87, N = 15SE +/- 283.55, N = 316632.4920664.1921621.7722075.8521368.9720857.6920609.891. (CC) gcc options: -fno-strict-aliasing -fwrapv -O2 -lpgcommon -lpgport -lpq -lpthread -lrt -lcrypt -ldl -lm

Facebook RocksDB

Test: Random Fill Sync

OpenBenchmarking.orgOp/s, More Is BetterFacebook RocksDB 6.3.6Test: Random Fill Synchetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-raid1_optimized_arc8-16-KVM-nocachehetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_qcow2-KVM-nocachehetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_raw-KVM-nocachehetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_raw-KVM-nocache-2-newer raidhetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_qcow2-with-snapshots-KVM-nocachehetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_qcow2-wo-snapshots-KVM-nocache-newer_raidhetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_raw-KVM-writeback4K8K12K16K20KSE +/- 132.88, N = 3SE +/- 137.32, N = 3SE +/- 154.46, N = 3SE +/- 130.19, N = 3SE +/- 99.44, N = 3SE +/- 247.24, N = 3SE +/- 244.37, N = 3155931744420133199581659416175184771. (CXX) g++ options: -O3 -march=native -std=c++11 -fno-builtin-memcmp -fno-rtti -rdynamic -lpthread

PostgreSQL pgbench

Scaling: On-Disk - Test: Heavy Contention - Mode: Read Only

OpenBenchmarking.orgTPS, More Is BetterPostgreSQL pgbench 12.0Scaling: On-Disk - Test: Heavy Contention - Mode: Read Onlyhetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-raid1_optimized_arc8-16-KVM-nocachehetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_qcow2-KVM-nocachehetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_raw-KVM-nocachehetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_raw-KVM-nocache-2-newer raidhetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_qcow2-with-snapshots-KVM-nocachehetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_qcow2-wo-snapshots-KVM-nocache-newer_raidhetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_raw-KVM-writeback20K40K60K80K100KSE +/- 1007.02, N = 3SE +/- 756.86, N = 9SE +/- 1486.99, N = 9SE +/- 620.85, N = 3SE +/- 908.75, N = 3SE +/- 531.70, N = 3SE +/- 1056.79, N = 567042.4670555.1873464.5474685.0265653.4364292.8982411.681. (CC) gcc options: -fno-strict-aliasing -fwrapv -O2 -lpgcommon -lpgport -lpq -lpthread -lrt -lcrypt -ldl -lm

PostgreSQL pgbench

Scaling: On-Disk - Test: Single Thread - Mode: Read Only

OpenBenchmarking.orgTPS, More Is BetterPostgreSQL pgbench 12.0Scaling: On-Disk - Test: Single Thread - Mode: Read Onlyhetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-raid1_optimized_arc8-16-KVM-nocachehetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_qcow2-KVM-nocachehetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_raw-KVM-nocachehetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_raw-KVM-nocache-2-newer raidhetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_qcow2-with-snapshots-KVM-nocachehetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_qcow2-wo-snapshots-KVM-nocache-newer_raidhetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_raw-KVM-writeback7001400210028003500SE +/- 31.09, N = 6SE +/- 44.57, N = 3SE +/- 33.53, N = 3SE +/- 51.24, N = 3SE +/- 44.24, N = 9SE +/- 56.46, N = 3SE +/- 31.32, N = 82589.273272.683278.753271.813135.063297.043062.601. (CC) gcc options: -fno-strict-aliasing -fwrapv -O2 -lpgcommon -lpgport -lpq -lpthread -lrt -lcrypt -ldl -lm

PostgreSQL pgbench

Scaling: Buffer Test - Test: Single Thread - Mode: Read Write

OpenBenchmarking.orgTPS, More Is BetterPostgreSQL pgbench 12.0Scaling: Buffer Test - Test: Single Thread - Mode: Read Writehetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-raid1_optimized_arc8-16-KVM-nocachehetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_qcow2-KVM-nocachehetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_raw-KVM-nocachehetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_raw-KVM-nocache-2-newer raidhetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_qcow2-with-snapshots-KVM-nocachehetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_qcow2-wo-snapshots-KVM-nocache-newer_raidhetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_raw-KVM-writeback400800120016002000SE +/- 10.77, N = 3SE +/- 7.02, N = 3SE +/- 18.92, N = 10SE +/- 11.98, N = 3SE +/- 5.42, N = 3SE +/- 17.45, N = 3SE +/- 20.87, N = 31611.931875.082014.092043.081894.581902.171695.261. (CC) gcc options: -fno-strict-aliasing -fwrapv -O2 -lpgcommon -lpgport -lpq -lpthread -lrt -lcrypt -ldl -lm

LevelDB

Benchmark: Fill Sync

OpenBenchmarking.orgMB/s, More Is BetterLevelDB 1.22Benchmark: Fill Synchetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-raid1_optimized_arc8-16-KVM-nocachehetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_qcow2-KVM-nocachehetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_raw-KVM-nocachehetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_raw-KVM-nocache-2-newer raidhetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_qcow2-with-snapshots-KVM-nocachehetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_qcow2-wo-snapshots-KVM-nocache-newer_raidhetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_raw-KVM-writeback0.541.081.622.162.7SE +/- 0.03, N = 12SE +/- 0.02, N = 15SE +/- 0.04, N = 15SE +/- 0.04, N = 15SE +/- 0.02, N = 11SE +/- 0.03, N = 3SE +/- 0.05, N = 151.92.02.22.41.92.02.21. (CXX) g++ options: -O3 -lsnappy -lpthread

PostgreSQL pgbench

Scaling: Mostly RAM - Test: Single Thread - Mode: Read Only

OpenBenchmarking.orgTPS, More Is BetterPostgreSQL pgbench 12.0Scaling: Mostly RAM - Test: Single Thread - Mode: Read Onlyhetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-raid1_optimized_arc8-16-KVM-nocachehetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_qcow2-KVM-nocachehetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_raw-KVM-nocachehetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_raw-KVM-nocache-2-newer raidhetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_qcow2-with-snapshots-KVM-nocachehetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_qcow2-wo-snapshots-KVM-nocache-newer_raidhetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_raw-KVM-writeback12002400360048006000SE +/- 42.58, N = 3SE +/- 56.04, N = 3SE +/- 41.57, N = 3SE +/- 20.50, N = 3SE +/- 55.50, N = 3SE +/- 86.49, N = 3SE +/- 120.54, N = 94378.054948.945007.565117.344906.295008.065485.911. (CC) gcc options: -fno-strict-aliasing -fwrapv -O2 -lpgcommon -lpgport -lpq -lpthread -lrt -lcrypt -ldl -lm

MariaDB

Clients: 1

OpenBenchmarking.orgQueries Per Second, More Is BetterMariaDB 10.3.8Clients: 1hetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-raid1_optimized_arc8-16-KVM-nocachehetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_qcow2-KVM-nocachehetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_raw-KVM-nocachehetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_raw-KVM-nocache-2-newer raidhetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_qcow2-with-snapshots-KVM-nocachehetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_qcow2-wo-snapshots-KVM-nocache-newer_raidhetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_raw-KVM-writeback13002600390052006500SE +/- 54.21, N = 3SE +/- 66.47, N = 5SE +/- 61.20, N = 3SE +/- 12.02, N = 3SE +/- 49.50, N = 3SE +/- 59.24, N = 3SE +/- 64.01, N = 64794532857716000493550695300-lpcre-lpcre-lpcre-lpcre1. (CXX) g++ options: -pie -fPIC -fstack-protector -fno-rtti -O2 -lpthread -lsnappy -laio -lz -lm -lcrypt -lssl -lcrypto -ldl

Flexible IO Tester

Type: Sequential Read - IO Engine: Linux AIO - Buffered: No - Direct: Yes - Block Size: 4KB - Disk Target: Default Test Directory

OpenBenchmarking.orgMB/s, More Is BetterFlexible IO Tester 3.18Type: Sequential Read - IO Engine: Linux AIO - Buffered: No - Direct: Yes - Block Size: 4KB - Disk Target: Default Test Directoryhetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-raid1_optimized_arc8-16-KVM-nocachehetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_qcow2-KVM-nocachehetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_raw-KVM-nocachehetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_raw-KVM-nocache-2-newer raidhetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_qcow2-with-snapshots-KVM-nocachehetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_qcow2-wo-snapshots-KVM-nocache-newer_raidhetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_raw-KVM-writeback150300450600750SE +/- 3.51, N = 3SE +/- 8.33, N = 3SE +/- 7.21, N = 3SE +/- 7.00, N = 3SE +/- 8.35, N = 3SE +/- 8.80, N = 45536466686916356116431. (CC) gcc options: -rdynamic -std=gnu99 -ffast-math -include -O3 -fcommon -U_FORTIFY_SOURCE -march=native -ll -lrt -laio -lz -lpthread -lm -ldl

Flexible IO Tester

Type: Sequential Read - IO Engine: Linux AIO - Buffered: No - Direct: Yes - Block Size: 4KB - Disk Target: Default Test Directory

OpenBenchmarking.orgIOPS, More Is BetterFlexible IO Tester 3.18Type: Sequential Read - IO Engine: Linux AIO - Buffered: No - Direct: Yes - Block Size: 4KB - Disk Target: Default Test Directoryhetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-raid1_optimized_arc8-16-KVM-nocachehetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_qcow2-KVM-nocachehetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_raw-KVM-nocachehetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_raw-KVM-nocache-2-newer raidhetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_qcow2-with-snapshots-KVM-nocachehetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_qcow2-wo-snapshots-KVM-nocache-newer_raidhetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_raw-KVM-writeback40K80K120K160K200KSE +/- 881.92, N = 3SE +/- 1452.97, N = 3SE +/- 2081.67, N = 3SE +/- 2081.67, N = 3SE +/- 1763.83, N = 3SE +/- 2185.81, N = 3SE +/- 2174.66, N = 41416671653331710001770001623331566671647501. (CC) gcc options: -rdynamic -std=gnu99 -ffast-math -include -O3 -fcommon -U_FORTIFY_SOURCE -march=native -ll -lrt -laio -lz -lpthread -lm -ldl

PostgreSQL pgbench

Scaling: On-Disk - Test: Normal Load - Mode: Read Only

OpenBenchmarking.orgTPS, More Is BetterPostgreSQL pgbench 12.0Scaling: On-Disk - Test: Normal Load - Mode: Read Onlyhetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-raid1_optimized_arc8-16-KVM-nocachehetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_qcow2-KVM-nocachehetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_raw-KVM-nocachehetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_raw-KVM-nocache-2-newer raidhetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_qcow2-with-snapshots-KVM-nocachehetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_qcow2-wo-snapshots-KVM-nocache-newer_raidhetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_raw-KVM-writeback20K40K60K80K100KSE +/- 499.81, N = 3SE +/- 617.78, N = 3SE +/- 575.35, N = 3SE +/- 245.17, N = 3SE +/- 105.52, N = 3SE +/- 919.63, N = 9SE +/- 1180.69, N = 467869.8268340.5270866.9972626.7366390.5464030.4179403.801. (CC) gcc options: -fno-strict-aliasing -fwrapv -O2 -lpgcommon -lpgport -lpq -lpthread -lrt -lcrypt -ldl -lm

Flexible IO Tester

Type: Random Read - IO Engine: Linux AIO - Buffered: No - Direct: Yes - Block Size: 4KB - Disk Target: Default Test Directory

OpenBenchmarking.orgMB/s, More Is BetterFlexible IO Tester 3.18Type: Random Read - IO Engine: Linux AIO - Buffered: No - Direct: Yes - Block Size: 4KB - Disk Target: Default Test Directoryhetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-raid1_optimized_arc8-16-KVM-nocachehetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_qcow2-KVM-nocachehetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_raw-KVM-nocachehetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_raw-KVM-nocache-2-newer raidhetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_qcow2-with-snapshots-KVM-nocachehetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_qcow2-wo-snapshots-KVM-nocache-newer_raidhetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_raw-KVM-writeback140280420560700SE +/- 0.33, N = 3SE +/- 6.66, N = 3SE +/- 4.00, N = 3SE +/- 2.33, N = 3SE +/- 2.03, N = 3SE +/- 3.46, N = 3SE +/- 3.38, N = 35555405635495215236461. (CC) gcc options: -rdynamic -std=gnu99 -ffast-math -include -O3 -fcommon -U_FORTIFY_SOURCE -march=native -ll -lrt -laio -lz -lpthread -lm -ldl

Flexible IO Tester

Type: Random Read - IO Engine: Linux AIO - Buffered: No - Direct: Yes - Block Size: 4KB - Disk Target: Default Test Directory

OpenBenchmarking.orgIOPS, More Is BetterFlexible IO Tester 3.18Type: Random Read - IO Engine: Linux AIO - Buffered: No - Direct: Yes - Block Size: 4KB - Disk Target: Default Test Directoryhetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-raid1_optimized_arc8-16-KVM-nocachehetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_qcow2-KVM-nocachehetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_raw-KVM-nocachehetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_raw-KVM-nocache-2-newer raidhetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_qcow2-with-snapshots-KVM-nocachehetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_qcow2-wo-snapshots-KVM-nocache-newer_raidhetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_raw-KVM-writeback40K80K120K160K200KSE +/- 1527.53, N = 3SE +/- 1000.00, N = 3SE +/- 666.67, N = 3SE +/- 333.33, N = 3SE +/- 881.92, N = 3SE +/- 1000.00, N = 31420001380001440001403331333331336671650001. (CC) gcc options: -rdynamic -std=gnu99 -ffast-math -include -O3 -fcommon -U_FORTIFY_SOURCE -march=native -ll -lrt -laio -lz -lpthread -lm -ldl

MariaDB

Clients: 4

OpenBenchmarking.orgQueries Per Second, More Is BetterMariaDB 10.3.8Clients: 4hetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-raid1_optimized_arc8-16-KVM-nocachehetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_qcow2-KVM-nocachehetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_raw-KVM-nocachehetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_raw-KVM-nocache-2-newer raidhetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_qcow2-with-snapshots-KVM-nocachehetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_qcow2-wo-snapshots-KVM-nocache-newer_raidhetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_raw-KVM-writeback8001600240032004000SE +/- 30.61, N = 3SE +/- 8.81, N = 3SE +/- 7.82, N = 3SE +/- 14.68, N = 3SE +/- 17.72, N = 3SE +/- 11.81, N = 3SE +/- 18.95, N = 32850315834213501298529702953-lpcre-lpcre-lpcre-lpcre1. (CXX) g++ options: -pie -fPIC -fstack-protector -fno-rtti -O2 -lpthread -lsnappy -laio -lz -lm -lcrypt -lssl -lcrypto -ldl

PostgreSQL pgbench

Scaling: Mostly RAM - Test: Heavy Contention - Mode: Read Only

OpenBenchmarking.orgTPS, More Is BetterPostgreSQL pgbench 12.0Scaling: Mostly RAM - Test: Heavy Contention - Mode: Read Onlyhetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-raid1_optimized_arc8-16-KVM-nocachehetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_qcow2-KVM-nocachehetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_raw-KVM-nocachehetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_raw-KVM-nocache-2-newer raidhetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_qcow2-with-snapshots-KVM-nocachehetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_qcow2-wo-snapshots-KVM-nocache-newer_raidhetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_raw-KVM-writeback20K40K60K80K100KSE +/- 578.85, N = 3SE +/- 1136.14, N = 7SE +/- 659.10, N = 3SE +/- 566.23, N = 3SE +/- 1460.24, N = 3SE +/- 799.82, N = 3SE +/- 424.81, N = 392715.94103698.16109215.21111456.7899422.7398458.95113246.651. (CC) gcc options: -fno-strict-aliasing -fwrapv -O2 -lpgcommon -lpgport -lpq -lpthread -lrt -lcrypt -ldl -lm

PostgreSQL pgbench

Scaling: Mostly RAM - Test: Normal Load - Mode: Read Only

OpenBenchmarking.orgTPS, More Is BetterPostgreSQL pgbench 12.0Scaling: Mostly RAM - Test: Normal Load - Mode: Read Onlyhetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-raid1_optimized_arc8-16-KVM-nocachehetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_qcow2-KVM-nocachehetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_raw-KVM-nocachehetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_raw-KVM-nocache-2-newer raidhetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_qcow2-with-snapshots-KVM-nocachehetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_qcow2-wo-snapshots-KVM-nocache-newer_raidhetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_raw-KVM-writeback20K40K60K80K100KSE +/- 268.79, N = 3SE +/- 816.78, N = 3SE +/- 334.75, N = 3SE +/- 90.54, N = 3SE +/- 406.99, N = 3SE +/- 1052.01, N = 3SE +/- 347.89, N = 397011.24103745.14105777.23107796.46102711.8598597.69114716.891. (CC) gcc options: -fno-strict-aliasing -fwrapv -O2 -lpgcommon -lpgport -lpq -lpthread -lrt -lcrypt -ldl -lm

Dbench

1 Clients

OpenBenchmarking.orgMB/s, More Is BetterDbench 4.01 Clientshetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-raid1_optimized_arc8-16-KVM-nocachehetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_qcow2-KVM-nocachehetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_raw-KVM-nocachehetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_raw-KVM-nocache-2-newer raidhetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_qcow2-with-snapshots-KVM-nocachehetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_qcow2-wo-snapshots-KVM-nocache-newer_raidhetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_raw-KVM-writeback140280420560700SE +/- 6.68, N = 3SE +/- 1.39, N = 3SE +/- 2.06, N = 3SE +/- 0.77, N = 3SE +/- 2.17, N = 3SE +/- 1.87, N = 3SE +/- 4.10, N = 3551.62621.14612.98627.63599.75640.23544.321. (CC) gcc options: -lpopt -O2

MariaDB

Clients: 8

OpenBenchmarking.orgQueries Per Second, More Is BetterMariaDB 10.3.8Clients: 8hetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-raid1_optimized_arc8-16-KVM-nocachehetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_qcow2-KVM-nocachehetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_raw-KVM-nocachehetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_raw-KVM-nocache-2-newer raidhetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_qcow2-with-snapshots-KVM-nocachehetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_qcow2-wo-snapshots-KVM-nocache-newer_raidhetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_raw-KVM-writeback6001200180024003000SE +/- 13.07, N = 3SE +/- 12.33, N = 3SE +/- 15.04, N = 3SE +/- 4.50, N = 3SE +/- 9.46, N = 3SE +/- 10.36, N = 3SE +/- 11.75, N = 32239246725362600233723682313-lpcre-lpcre-lpcre-lpcre1. (CXX) g++ options: -pie -fPIC -fstack-protector -fno-rtti -O2 -lpthread -lsnappy -laio -lz -lm -lcrypt -lssl -lcrypto -ldl

FS-Mark

Test: 1000 Files, 1MB Size, No Sync/FSync

OpenBenchmarking.orgFiles/s, More Is BetterFS-Mark 3.3Test: 1000 Files, 1MB Size, No Sync/FSynchetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-raid1_optimized_arc8-16-KVM-nocachehetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_qcow2-KVM-nocachehetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_raw-KVM-nocachehetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_raw-KVM-nocache-2-newer raidhetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_qcow2-with-snapshots-KVM-nocachehetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_qcow2-wo-snapshots-KVM-nocache-newer_raidhetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_raw-KVM-writeback5001000150020002500SE +/- 1.71, N = 3SE +/- 3.98, N = 3SE +/- 7.42, N = 3SE +/- 11.49, N = 3SE +/- 5.67, N = 3SE +/- 10.36, N = 3SE +/- 7.45, N = 31826.72050.72093.32115.71913.22091.92095.21. (CC) gcc options: -static

PostgreSQL pgbench

Scaling: Buffer Test - Test: Single Thread - Mode: Read Only

OpenBenchmarking.orgTPS, More Is BetterPostgreSQL pgbench 12.0Scaling: Buffer Test - Test: Single Thread - Mode: Read Onlyhetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-raid1_optimized_arc8-16-KVM-nocachehetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_qcow2-KVM-nocachehetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_raw-KVM-nocachehetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_raw-KVM-nocache-2-newer raidhetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_qcow2-with-snapshots-KVM-nocachehetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_qcow2-wo-snapshots-KVM-nocache-newer_raidhetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_raw-KVM-writeback4K8K12K16K20KSE +/- 104.30, N = 3SE +/- 230.02, N = 3SE +/- 61.04, N = 3SE +/- 171.61, N = 3SE +/- 158.81, N = 3SE +/- 109.56, N = 3SE +/- 57.02, N = 317336.9719348.2619551.2419859.5519838.2820021.9619492.061. (CC) gcc options: -fno-strict-aliasing -fwrapv -O2 -lpgcommon -lpgport -lpq -lpthread -lrt -lcrypt -ldl -lm

PostMark

Disk Transaction Performance

OpenBenchmarking.orgTPS, More Is BetterPostMark 1.51Disk Transaction Performancehetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-raid1_optimized_arc8-16-KVM-nocachehetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_qcow2-KVM-nocachehetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_raw-KVM-nocachehetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_raw-KVM-nocache-2-newer raidhetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_qcow2-with-snapshots-KVM-nocachehetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_qcow2-wo-snapshots-KVM-nocache-newer_raidhetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_raw-KVM-writeback12002400360048006000SE +/- 33.00, N = 3SE +/- 42.00, N = 3SE +/- 42.00, N = 349345434555556815208563955971. (CC) gcc options: -O3

PostgreSQL pgbench

Scaling: Buffer Test - Test: Heavy Contention - Mode: Read Only

OpenBenchmarking.orgTPS, More Is BetterPostgreSQL pgbench 12.0Scaling: Buffer Test - Test: Heavy Contention - Mode: Read Onlyhetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-raid1_optimized_arc8-16-KVM-nocachehetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_qcow2-KVM-nocachehetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_raw-KVM-nocachehetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_raw-KVM-nocache-2-newer raidhetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_qcow2-with-snapshots-KVM-nocachehetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_qcow2-wo-snapshots-KVM-nocache-newer_raidhetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_raw-KVM-writeback50K100K150K200K250KSE +/- 1365.65, N = 3SE +/- 730.85, N = 3SE +/- 1358.94, N = 3SE +/- 2548.08, N = 3SE +/- 2285.57, N = 3SE +/- 1383.99, N = 3SE +/- 1722.61, N = 3203916.49224243.24226292.79228663.81226734.35229061.50230551.361. (CC) gcc options: -fno-strict-aliasing -fwrapv -O2 -lpgcommon -lpgport -lpq -lpthread -lrt -lcrypt -ldl -lm

PostgreSQL pgbench

Scaling: Buffer Test - Test: Normal Load - Mode: Read Only

OpenBenchmarking.orgTPS, More Is BetterPostgreSQL pgbench 12.0Scaling: Buffer Test - Test: Normal Load - Mode: Read Onlyhetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-raid1_optimized_arc8-16-KVM-nocachehetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_qcow2-KVM-nocachehetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_raw-KVM-nocachehetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_raw-KVM-nocache-2-newer raidhetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_qcow2-with-snapshots-KVM-nocachehetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_qcow2-wo-snapshots-KVM-nocache-newer_raidhetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_raw-KVM-writeback40K80K120K160K200KSE +/- 655.15, N = 3SE +/- 351.82, N = 3SE +/- 402.75, N = 3SE +/- 432.59, N = 3SE +/- 256.01, N = 3SE +/- 546.44, N = 3SE +/- 824.07, N = 3182935.33197667.01204283.55204947.51204397.16205478.12204736.261. (CC) gcc options: -fno-strict-aliasing -fwrapv -O2 -lpgcommon -lpgport -lpq -lpthread -lrt -lcrypt -ldl -lm

Facebook RocksDB

Test: Read While Writing

OpenBenchmarking.orgOp/s, More Is BetterFacebook RocksDB 6.3.6Test: Read While Writinghetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-raid1_optimized_arc8-16-KVM-nocachehetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_qcow2-KVM-nocachehetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_raw-KVM-nocachehetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_raw-KVM-nocache-2-newer raidhetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_qcow2-with-snapshots-KVM-nocachehetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_qcow2-wo-snapshots-KVM-nocache-newer_raidhetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_raw-KVM-writeback300K600K900K1200K1500KSE +/- 15289.35, N = 5SE +/- 13648.43, N = 3SE +/- 3070.20, N = 3SE +/- 16606.19, N = 5SE +/- 8778.35, N = 3SE +/- 14781.40, N = 3SE +/- 13296.64, N = 312155801344969128663213207821278673131119013022631. (CXX) g++ options: -O3 -march=native -std=c++11 -fno-builtin-memcmp -fno-rtti -rdynamic -lpthread

MariaDB

Clients: 16

OpenBenchmarking.orgQueries Per Second, More Is BetterMariaDB 10.3.8Clients: 16hetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-raid1_optimized_arc8-16-KVM-nocachehetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_qcow2-KVM-nocachehetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_raw-KVM-nocachehetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_raw-KVM-nocache-2-newer raidhetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_qcow2-with-snapshots-KVM-nocachehetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_qcow2-wo-snapshots-KVM-nocache-newer_raidhetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_raw-KVM-writeback400800120016002000SE +/- 8.29, N = 3SE +/- 2.50, N = 3SE +/- 0.96, N = 3SE +/- 2.92, N = 3SE +/- 1.80, N = 3SE +/- 4.47, N = 3SE +/- 4.56, N = 31543168216961706164615921607-lpcre-lpcre-lpcre-lpcre1. (CXX) g++ options: -pie -fPIC -fstack-protector -fno-rtti -O2 -lpthread -lsnappy -laio -lz -lm -lcrypt -lssl -lcrypto -ldl

Redis

Test: SET

OpenBenchmarking.orgRequests Per Second, More Is BetterRedis 5.0.5Test: SEThetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-raid1_optimized_arc8-16-KVM-nocachehetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_qcow2-KVM-nocachehetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_raw-KVM-nocachehetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_raw-KVM-nocache-2-newer raidhetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_qcow2-with-snapshots-KVM-nocachehetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_qcow2-wo-snapshots-KVM-nocache-newer_raidhetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_raw-KVM-writeback300K600K900K1200K1500KSE +/- 18071.68, N = 15SE +/- 18949.88, N = 15SE +/- 5574.93, N = 3SE +/- 27027.85, N = 15SE +/- 17414.61, N = 3SE +/- 8538.37, N = 3SE +/- 23548.84, N = 151368305.221439851.231353226.081461056.061362838.671343592.001474763.971. (CXX) g++ options: -MM -MT -g3 -fvisibility=hidden -O3

Apache Cassandra

Test: Mixed 1:3

OpenBenchmarking.orgOp/s, More Is BetterApache Cassandra 3.11.4Test: Mixed 1:3hetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-raid1_optimized_arc8-16-KVM-nocachehetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_qcow2-KVM-nocachehetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_raw-KVM-nocachehetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_raw-KVM-nocache-2-newer raidhetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_qcow2-with-snapshots-KVM-nocachehetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_qcow2-wo-snapshots-KVM-nocache-newer_raidhetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_raw-KVM-writeback6K12K18K24K30KSE +/- 325.73, N = 3SE +/- 303.00, N = 3SE +/- 392.20, N = 12SE +/- 297.77, N = 12SE +/- 431.27, N = 12SE +/- 258.59, N = 3SE +/- 475.51, N = 326541281732847228569290222846528434

Apache Cassandra

Test: Writes

OpenBenchmarking.orgOp/s, More Is BetterApache Cassandra 3.11.4Test: Writeshetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-raid1_optimized_arc8-16-KVM-nocachehetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_qcow2-KVM-nocachehetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_raw-KVM-nocachehetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_raw-KVM-nocache-2-newer raidhetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_qcow2-with-snapshots-KVM-nocachehetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_qcow2-wo-snapshots-KVM-nocache-newer_raidhetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_raw-KVM-writeback8K16K24K32K40KSE +/- 112.88, N = 3SE +/- 249.14, N = 3SE +/- 271.35, N = 3SE +/- 175.84, N = 3SE +/- 336.40, N = 3SE +/- 361.04, N = 3SE +/- 294.75, N = 335125375793770637977373993791237441

Apache Cassandra

Test: Mixed 1:1

OpenBenchmarking.orgOp/s, More Is BetterApache Cassandra 3.11.4Test: Mixed 1:1hetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-raid1_optimized_arc8-16-KVM-nocachehetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_qcow2-KVM-nocachehetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_raw-KVM-nocachehetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_raw-KVM-nocache-2-newer raidhetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_qcow2-with-snapshots-KVM-nocachehetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_qcow2-wo-snapshots-KVM-nocache-newer_raidhetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_raw-KVM-writeback6K12K18K24K30KSE +/- 308.69, N = 7SE +/- 427.88, N = 3SE +/- 443.04, N = 12SE +/- 475.20, N = 3SE +/- 361.50, N = 3SE +/- 207.94, N = 3SE +/- 425.60, N = 427862295412863629979293733005529941

MariaDB

Clients: 32

OpenBenchmarking.orgQueries Per Second, More Is BetterMariaDB 10.3.8Clients: 32hetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-raid1_optimized_arc8-16-KVM-nocachehetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_qcow2-KVM-nocachehetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_raw-KVM-nocachehetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_raw-KVM-nocache-2-newer raidhetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_qcow2-with-snapshots-KVM-nocachehetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_qcow2-wo-snapshots-KVM-nocache-newer_raidhetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_raw-KVM-writeback2004006008001000SE +/- 1.51, N = 3SE +/- 0.38, N = 3SE +/- 1.99, N = 3SE +/- 2.66, N = 3SE +/- 2.77, N = 3SE +/- 2.22, N = 3SE +/- 1.36, N = 3993106110361051105010081010-lpcre-lpcre-lpcre-lpcre1. (CXX) g++ options: -pie -fPIC -fstack-protector -fno-rtti -O2 -lpthread -lsnappy -laio -lz -lm -lcrypt -lssl -lcrypto -ldl

MariaDB

Clients: 256

OpenBenchmarking.orgQueries Per Second, More Is BetterMariaDB 10.3.8Clients: 256hetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-raid1_optimized_arc8-16-KVM-nocachehetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_qcow2-KVM-nocachehetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_raw-KVM-nocachehetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_raw-KVM-nocache-2-newer raidhetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_qcow2-with-snapshots-KVM-nocachehetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_qcow2-wo-snapshots-KVM-nocache-newer_raidhetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_raw-KVM-writeback306090120150SE +/- 0.10, N = 3SE +/- 0.02, N = 3SE +/- 0.15, N = 3SE +/- 0.09, N = 3SE +/- 0.09, N = 3SE +/- 0.15, N = 3SE +/- 0.11, N = 3139137133135141142139-lpcre-lpcre-lpcre-lpcre1. (CXX) g++ options: -pie -fPIC -fstack-protector -fno-rtti -O2 -lpthread -lsnappy -laio -lz -lm -lcrypt -lssl -lcrypto -ldl

MariaDB

Clients: 128

OpenBenchmarking.orgQueries Per Second, More Is BetterMariaDB 10.3.8Clients: 128hetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-raid1_optimized_arc8-16-KVM-nocachehetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_qcow2-KVM-nocachehetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_raw-KVM-nocachehetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_raw-KVM-nocache-2-newer raidhetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_qcow2-with-snapshots-KVM-nocachehetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_qcow2-wo-snapshots-KVM-nocache-newer_raidhetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_raw-KVM-writeback4080120160200SE +/- 0.21, N = 3SE +/- 0.65, N = 3SE +/- 0.10, N = 3SE +/- 0.17, N = 3SE +/- 0.10, N = 3SE +/- 0.30, N = 3SE +/- 0.24, N = 3175173169171179180175-lpcre-lpcre-lpcre-lpcre1. (CXX) g++ options: -pie -fPIC -fstack-protector -fno-rtti -O2 -lpthread -lsnappy -laio -lz -lm -lcrypt -lssl -lcrypto -ldl

LevelDB

Benchmark: Random Delete

OpenBenchmarking.orgMicroseconds Per Op, Fewer Is BetterLevelDB 1.22Benchmark: Random Deletehetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-raid1_optimized_arc8-16-KVM-nocachehetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_qcow2-KVM-nocachehetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_raw-KVM-nocachehetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_raw-KVM-nocache-2-newer raidhetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_qcow2-with-snapshots-KVM-nocachehetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_qcow2-wo-snapshots-KVM-nocache-newer_raidhetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_raw-KVM-writeback20406080100SE +/- 0.23, N = 3SE +/- 0.83, N = 3SE +/- 0.23, N = 3SE +/- 1.27, N = 3SE +/- 0.26, N = 3SE +/- 0.72, N = 3SE +/- 0.61, N = 390.1187.0588.3788.3292.0688.6587.251. (CXX) g++ options: -O3 -lsnappy -lpthread

LevelDB

Benchmark: Overwrite

OpenBenchmarking.orgMB/s, More Is BetterLevelDB 1.22Benchmark: Overwritehetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-raid1_optimized_arc8-16-KVM-nocachehetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_qcow2-KVM-nocachehetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_raw-KVM-nocachehetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_raw-KVM-nocache-2-newer raidhetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_qcow2-with-snapshots-KVM-nocachehetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_qcow2-wo-snapshots-KVM-nocache-newer_raidhetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_raw-KVM-writeback510152025SE +/- 0.07, N = 3SE +/- 0.18, N = 3SE +/- 0.12, N = 3SE +/- 0.20, N = 3SE +/- 0.06, N = 3SE +/- 0.07, N = 3SE +/- 0.23, N = 518.419.018.718.518.018.518.51. (CXX) g++ options: -O3 -lsnappy -lpthread

MariaDB

Clients: 64

OpenBenchmarking.orgQueries Per Second, More Is BetterMariaDB 10.3.8Clients: 64hetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-raid1_optimized_arc8-16-KVM-nocachehetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_qcow2-KVM-nocachehetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_raw-KVM-nocachehetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_raw-KVM-nocache-2-newer raidhetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_qcow2-with-snapshots-KVM-nocachehetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_qcow2-wo-snapshots-KVM-nocache-newer_raidhetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_raw-KVM-writeback110220330440550SE +/- 1.25, N = 3SE +/- 2.23, N = 3SE +/- 2.28, N = 3SE +/- 0.43, N = 3SE +/- 3.39, N = 3SE +/- 1.35, N = 3SE +/- 1.37, N = 3485492476480502496488-lpcre-lpcre-lpcre-lpcre1. (CXX) g++ options: -pie -fPIC -fstack-protector -fno-rtti -O2 -lpthread -lsnappy -laio -lz -lm -lcrypt -lssl -lcrypto -ldl

LevelDB

Benchmark: Overwrite

OpenBenchmarking.orgMicroseconds Per Op, Fewer Is BetterLevelDB 1.22Benchmark: Overwritehetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-raid1_optimized_arc8-16-KVM-nocachehetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_qcow2-KVM-nocachehetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_raw-KVM-nocachehetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_raw-KVM-nocache-2-newer raidhetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_qcow2-with-snapshots-KVM-nocachehetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_qcow2-wo-snapshots-KVM-nocache-newer_raidhetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_raw-KVM-writeback20406080100SE +/- 0.37, N = 3SE +/- 0.83, N = 3SE +/- 0.59, N = 3SE +/- 1.05, N = 3SE +/- 0.38, N = 3SE +/- 0.37, N = 3SE +/- 1.25, N = 595.9492.7194.0994.9197.7195.0195.091. (CXX) g++ options: -O3 -lsnappy -lpthread

LevelDB

Benchmark: Random Fill

OpenBenchmarking.orgMB/s, More Is BetterLevelDB 1.22Benchmark: Random Fillhetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-raid1_optimized_arc8-16-KVM-nocachehetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_qcow2-KVM-nocachehetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_raw-KVM-nocachehetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_raw-KVM-nocache-2-newer raidhetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_qcow2-with-snapshots-KVM-nocachehetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_qcow2-wo-snapshots-KVM-nocache-newer_raidhetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_raw-KVM-writeback510152025SE +/- 0.22, N = 6SE +/- 0.09, N = 3SE +/- 0.14, N = 14SE +/- 0.20, N = 3SE +/- 0.26, N = 3SE +/- 0.10, N = 3SE +/- 0.15, N = 318.218.718.419.018.118.818.61. (CXX) g++ options: -O3 -lsnappy -lpthread

LevelDB

Benchmark: Random Fill

OpenBenchmarking.orgMicroseconds Per Op, Fewer Is BetterLevelDB 1.22Benchmark: Random Fillhetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-raid1_optimized_arc8-16-KVM-nocachehetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_qcow2-KVM-nocachehetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_raw-KVM-nocachehetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_raw-KVM-nocache-2-newer raidhetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_qcow2-with-snapshots-KVM-nocachehetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_qcow2-wo-snapshots-KVM-nocache-newer_raidhetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_raw-KVM-writeback20406080100SE +/- 1.12, N = 6SE +/- 0.45, N = 3SE +/- 0.74, N = 14SE +/- 1.03, N = 3SE +/- 1.28, N = 3SE +/- 0.48, N = 3SE +/- 0.76, N = 396.7794.0595.6792.5897.0193.5894.561. (CXX) g++ options: -O3 -lsnappy -lpthread

SQLite Speedtest

Timed Time - Size 1,000

OpenBenchmarking.orgSeconds, Fewer Is BetterSQLite Speedtest 3.30Timed Time - Size 1,000hetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-raid1_optimized_arc8-16-KVM-nocachehetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_qcow2-KVM-nocachehetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_raw-KVM-nocachehetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_raw-KVM-nocache-2-newer raidhetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_qcow2-with-snapshots-KVM-nocachehetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_qcow2-wo-snapshots-KVM-nocache-newer_raidhetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_raw-KVM-writeback20406080100SE +/- 0.16, N = 3SE +/- 0.12, N = 3SE +/- 0.10, N = 3SE +/- 0.20, N = 3SE +/- 0.22, N = 3SE +/- 0.05, N = 3SE +/- 0.05, N = 384.5782.1280.9681.2081.1380.9280.741. (CC) gcc options: -O2 -ldl -lz -lpthread

Redis

Test: LPUSH

OpenBenchmarking.orgRequests Per Second, More Is BetterRedis 5.0.5Test: LPUSHhetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-raid1_optimized_arc8-16-KVM-nocachehetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_qcow2-KVM-nocachehetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_raw-KVM-nocachehetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_raw-KVM-nocache-2-newer raidhetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_qcow2-with-snapshots-KVM-nocachehetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_qcow2-wo-snapshots-KVM-nocache-newer_raidhetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_raw-KVM-writeback300K600K900K1200K1500KSE +/- 15712.83, N = 15SE +/- 11621.28, N = 8SE +/- 12273.43, N = 15SE +/- 15135.46, N = 15SE +/- 14228.54, N = 12SE +/- 19423.81, N = 3SE +/- 21921.75, N = 121177758.501138770.781128226.721156750.861149446.501162530.581180323.881. (CXX) g++ options: -MM -MT -g3 -fvisibility=hidden -O3

LevelDB

Benchmark: Random Read

OpenBenchmarking.orgMicroseconds Per Op, Fewer Is BetterLevelDB 1.22Benchmark: Random Readhetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-raid1_optimized_arc8-16-KVM-nocachehetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_qcow2-KVM-nocachehetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_raw-KVM-nocachehetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_raw-KVM-nocache-2-newer raidhetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_qcow2-with-snapshots-KVM-nocachehetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_qcow2-wo-snapshots-KVM-nocache-newer_raidhetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_raw-KVM-writeback48121620SE +/- 0.16, N = 3SE +/- 0.04, N = 3SE +/- 0.08, N = 3SE +/- 0.03, N = 3SE +/- 0.19, N = 4SE +/- 0.15, N = 7SE +/- 0.12, N = 313.4113.2213.4713.5013.8013.5513.441. (CXX) g++ options: -O3 -lsnappy -lpthread

LevelDB

Benchmark: Seek Random

OpenBenchmarking.orgMicroseconds Per Op, Fewer Is BetterLevelDB 1.22Benchmark: Seek Randomhetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-raid1_optimized_arc8-16-KVM-nocachehetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_qcow2-KVM-nocachehetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_raw-KVM-nocachehetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_raw-KVM-nocache-2-newer raidhetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_qcow2-with-snapshots-KVM-nocachehetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_qcow2-wo-snapshots-KVM-nocache-newer_raidhetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_raw-KVM-writeback510152025SE +/- 0.27, N = 3SE +/- 0.11, N = 3SE +/- 0.09, N = 3SE +/- 0.26, N = 3SE +/- 0.02, N = 3SE +/- 0.05, N = 3SE +/- 0.06, N = 322.5921.6722.3321.8522.3622.1622.391. (CXX) g++ options: -O3 -lsnappy -lpthread

LevelDB

Benchmark: Sequential Fill

OpenBenchmarking.orgMicroseconds Per Op, Fewer Is BetterLevelDB 1.22Benchmark: Sequential Fillhetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-raid1_optimized_arc8-16-KVM-nocachehetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_qcow2-KVM-nocachehetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_raw-KVM-nocachehetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_raw-KVM-nocache-2-newer raidhetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_qcow2-with-snapshots-KVM-nocachehetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_qcow2-wo-snapshots-KVM-nocache-newer_raidhetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_raw-KVM-writeback20406080100SE +/- 0.23, N = 3SE +/- 0.98, N = 3SE +/- 0.66, N = 3SE +/- 0.76, N = 3SE +/- 0.84, N = 3SE +/- 0.98, N = 3SE +/- 0.23, N = 393.2090.8091.2190.1693.9691.9492.171. (CXX) g++ options: -O3 -lsnappy -lpthread

LevelDB

Benchmark: Sequential Fill

OpenBenchmarking.orgMB/s, More Is BetterLevelDB 1.22Benchmark: Sequential Fillhetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-raid1_optimized_arc8-16-KVM-nocachehetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_qcow2-KVM-nocachehetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_raw-KVM-nocachehetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_raw-KVM-nocache-2-newer raidhetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_qcow2-with-snapshots-KVM-nocachehetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_qcow2-wo-snapshots-KVM-nocache-newer_raidhetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_raw-KVM-writeback510152025SE +/- 0.03, N = 3SE +/- 0.22, N = 3SE +/- 0.12, N = 3SE +/- 0.18, N = 3SE +/- 0.19, N = 3SE +/- 0.21, N = 3SE +/- 0.03, N = 318.919.419.319.518.819.219.21. (CXX) g++ options: -O3 -lsnappy -lpthread

LevelDB

Benchmark: Hot Read

OpenBenchmarking.orgMicroseconds Per Op, Fewer Is BetterLevelDB 1.22Benchmark: Hot Readhetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-raid1_optimized_arc8-16-KVM-nocachehetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_qcow2-KVM-nocachehetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_raw-KVM-nocachehetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_raw-KVM-nocache-2-newer raidhetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_qcow2-with-snapshots-KVM-nocachehetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_qcow2-wo-snapshots-KVM-nocache-newer_raidhetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_raw-KVM-writeback3691215SE +/- 0.11, N = 11SE +/- 0.13, N = 12SE +/- 0.14, N = 8SE +/- 0.14, N = 12SE +/- 0.15, N = 12SE +/- 0.11, N = 14SE +/- 0.19, N = 1213.1113.0713.2413.1013.4613.0713.371. (CXX) g++ options: -O3 -lsnappy -lpthread

Facebook RocksDB

Test: Random Read

OpenBenchmarking.orgOp/s, More Is BetterFacebook RocksDB 6.3.6Test: Random Readhetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-raid1_optimized_arc8-16-KVM-nocachehetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_qcow2-KVM-nocachehetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_raw-KVM-nocachehetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_raw-KVM-nocache-2-newer raidhetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_qcow2-with-snapshots-KVM-nocachehetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_qcow2-wo-snapshots-KVM-nocache-newer_raidhetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_raw-KVM-writeback13M26M39M52M65MSE +/- 174097.19, N = 3SE +/- 191232.72, N = 3SE +/- 173679.43, N = 3SE +/- 433798.90, N = 3SE +/- 135523.38, N = 3SE +/- 144111.33, N = 3SE +/- 237568.67, N = 3583732345811759957928003577198565873541258533208572885451. (CXX) g++ options: -O3 -march=native -std=c++11 -fno-builtin-memcmp -fno-rtti -rdynamic -lpthread

Flexible IO Tester

Type: Random Write - IO Engine: Linux AIO - Buffered: No - Direct: Yes - Block Size: 2MB - Disk Target: Default Test Directory

OpenBenchmarking.orgMB/s, More Is BetterFlexible IO Tester 3.18Type: Random Write - IO Engine: Linux AIO - Buffered: No - Direct: Yes - Block Size: 2MB - Disk Target: Default Test Directoryhetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_qcow2-KVM-nocachehetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_raw-KVM-nocachehetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_raw-KVM-nocache-2-newer raidhetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_qcow2-with-snapshots-KVM-nocachehetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_qcow2-wo-snapshots-KVM-nocache-newer_raidhetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_raw-KVM-writeback7001400210028003500SE +/- 15.51, N = 15SE +/- 16.58, N = 15SE +/- 10.33, N = 15SE +/- 23.36, N = 15SE +/- 47.03, N = 13SE +/- 29.13, N = 109189121206107983731031. (CC) gcc options: -rdynamic -std=gnu99 -ffast-math -include -O3 -fcommon -U_FORTIFY_SOURCE -march=native -ll -lrt -laio -lz -lpthread -lm -ldl

Facebook RocksDB

Test: Sequential Fill

OpenBenchmarking.orgOp/s, More Is BetterFacebook RocksDB 6.3.6Test: Sequential Fillhetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-raid1_optimized_arc8-16-KVM-nocachehetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_qcow2-KVM-nocachehetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_raw-KVM-nocachehetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_raw-KVM-nocache-2-newer raidhetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_qcow2-with-snapshots-KVM-nocachehetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_qcow2-wo-snapshots-KVM-nocache-newer_raidhetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_raw-KVM-writeback100K200K300K400K500KSE +/- 51025.94, N = 12SE +/- 26208.30, N = 15SE +/- 41848.49, N = 15SE +/- 45198.63, N = 12SE +/- 34980.02, N = 12SE +/- 39750.25, N = 14SE +/- 38862.43, N = 123395034670683618183301213624023927773236511. (CXX) g++ options: -O3 -march=native -std=c++11 -fno-builtin-memcmp -fno-rtti -rdynamic -lpthread

Facebook RocksDB

Test: Random Fill

OpenBenchmarking.orgOp/s, More Is BetterFacebook RocksDB 6.3.6Test: Random Fillhetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-raid1_optimized_arc8-16-KVM-nocachehetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_qcow2-KVM-nocachehetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_raw-KVM-nocachehetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_raw-KVM-nocache-2-newer raidhetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_qcow2-with-snapshots-KVM-nocachehetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_qcow2-wo-snapshots-KVM-nocache-newer_raidhetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_raw-KVM-writeback80K160K240K320K400KSE +/- 39135.68, N = 15SE +/- 38373.19, N = 12SE +/- 23661.73, N = 15SE +/- 25666.38, N = 15SE +/- 33745.63, N = 12SE +/- 34770.39, N = 14SE +/- 27732.56, N = 152788503155373858913759933632613638813556001. (CXX) g++ options: -O3 -march=native -std=c++11 -fno-builtin-memcmp -fno-rtti -rdynamic -lpthread

Apache Cassandra

Test: Reads

OpenBenchmarking.orgOp/s, More Is BetterApache Cassandra 3.11.4Test: Readshetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-raid1_optimized_arc8-16-KVM-nocachehetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_qcow2-KVM-nocachehetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_raw-KVM-nocachehetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_raw-KVM-nocache-2-newer raidhetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_qcow2-with-snapshots-KVM-nocachehetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_qcow2-wo-snapshots-KVM-nocache-newer_raidhetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_raw-KVM-writeback6K12K18K24K30KSE +/- 599.44, N = 12SE +/- 563.80, N = 12SE +/- 771.42, N = 12SE +/- 400.25, N = 4SE +/- 906.96, N = 12SE +/- 535.63, N = 12SE +/- 415.87, N = 1228307271532799528716287962785627767

Redis

Test: GET

OpenBenchmarking.orgRequests Per Second, More Is BetterRedis 5.0.5Test: GEThetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-raid1_optimized_arc8-16-KVM-nocachehetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_qcow2-KVM-nocachehetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_raw-KVM-nocachehetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_raw-KVM-nocache-2-newer raidhetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_qcow2-with-snapshots-KVM-nocachehetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_qcow2-wo-snapshots-KVM-nocache-newer_raidhetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_raw-KVM-writeback400K800K1200K1600K2000KSE +/- 41745.42, N = 15SE +/- 37320.18, N = 15SE +/- 29342.17, N = 15SE +/- 36662.87, N = 15SE +/- 31437.33, N = 15SE +/- 37359.42, N = 15SE +/- 41999.05, N = 121859103.881777724.711763000.771783736.211899712.751758294.841761681.671. (CXX) g++ options: -MM -MT -g3 -fvisibility=hidden -O3

Redis

Test: SADD

OpenBenchmarking.orgRequests Per Second, More Is BetterRedis 5.0.5Test: SADDhetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-raid1_optimized_arc8-16-KVM-nocachehetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_qcow2-KVM-nocachehetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_raw-KVM-nocachehetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_raw-KVM-nocache-2-newer raidhetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_qcow2-with-snapshots-KVM-nocachehetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_qcow2-wo-snapshots-KVM-nocache-newer_raidhetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_raw-KVM-writeback400K800K1200K1600K2000KSE +/- 20635.57, N = 3SE +/- 32694.36, N = 15SE +/- 11708.05, N = 3SE +/- 31300.77, N = 15SE +/- 12035.75, N = 3SE +/- 29176.05, N = 15SE +/- 6355.30, N = 31604813.711653600.131500184.001614802.031560247.631582766.051523668.881. (CXX) g++ options: -MM -MT -g3 -fvisibility=hidden -O3

Redis

Test: LPOP

OpenBenchmarking.orgRequests Per Second, More Is BetterRedis 5.0.5Test: LPOPhetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-raid1_optimized_arc8-16-KVM-nocachehetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_qcow2-KVM-nocachehetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_raw-KVM-nocachehetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_raw-KVM-nocache-2-newer raidhetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_qcow2-with-snapshots-KVM-nocachehetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_qcow2-wo-snapshots-KVM-nocache-newer_raidhetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_raw-KVM-writeback400K800K1200K1600K2000KSE +/- 41527.86, N = 15SE +/- 14927.67, N = 3SE +/- 18350.68, N = 15SE +/- 18955.35, N = 15SE +/- 15871.42, N = 3SE +/- 49997.73, N = 13SE +/- 90394.68, N = 122027800.001193689.371185707.681252589.191914749.621254641.261681055.751. (CXX) g++ options: -MM -MT -g3 -fvisibility=hidden -O3

PostgreSQL pgbench

Scaling: Mostly RAM - Test: Heavy Contention - Mode: Read Write

OpenBenchmarking.orgTPS, More Is BetterPostgreSQL pgbench 12.0Scaling: Mostly RAM - Test: Heavy Contention - Mode: Read Writehetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-raid1_optimized_arc8-16-KVM-nocachehetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_qcow2-KVM-nocachehetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_raw-KVM-nocachehetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_raw-KVM-nocache-2-newer raidhetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_qcow2-with-snapshots-KVM-nocachehetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_qcow2-wo-snapshots-KVM-nocache-newer_raidhetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_raw-KVM-writeback2K4K6K8K10KSE +/- 8.15, N = 3SE +/- 163.82, N = 9SE +/- 193.34, N = 9SE +/- 477.22, N = 9SE +/- 27.25, N = 3SE +/- 142.12, N = 9SE +/- 46.20, N = 34188.666310.756660.4210350.435174.135236.225030.541. (CC) gcc options: -fno-strict-aliasing -fwrapv -O2 -lpgcommon -lpgport -lpq -lpthread -lrt -lcrypt -ldl -lm

PostgreSQL pgbench

Scaling: On-Disk - Test: Heavy Contention - Mode: Read Write

OpenBenchmarking.orgTPS, More Is BetterPostgreSQL pgbench 12.0Scaling: On-Disk - Test: Heavy Contention - Mode: Read Writehetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-raid1_optimized_arc8-16-KVM-nocachehetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_qcow2-KVM-nocachehetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_raw-KVM-nocachehetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_raw-KVM-nocache-2-newer raidhetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_qcow2-with-snapshots-KVM-nocachehetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_qcow2-wo-snapshots-KVM-nocache-newer_raidhetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_raw-KVM-writeback3K6K9K12K15KSE +/- 49.56, N = 9SE +/- 453.56, N = 9SE +/- 92.01, N = 4SE +/- 1227.01, N = 7SE +/- 72.16, N = 3SE +/- 166.63, N = 9SE +/- 56.58, N = 33417.097294.626168.6112793.705050.115028.504504.891. (CC) gcc options: -fno-strict-aliasing -fwrapv -O2 -lpgcommon -lpgport -lpq -lpthread -lrt -lcrypt -ldl -lm

PostgreSQL pgbench

Scaling: Mostly RAM - Test: Normal Load - Mode: Read Write

OpenBenchmarking.orgTPS, More Is BetterPostgreSQL pgbench 12.0Scaling: Mostly RAM - Test: Normal Load - Mode: Read Writehetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-raid1_optimized_arc8-16-KVM-nocachehetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_qcow2-KVM-nocachehetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_raw-KVM-nocachehetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_raw-KVM-nocache-2-newer raidhetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_qcow2-with-snapshots-KVM-nocachehetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_qcow2-wo-snapshots-KVM-nocache-newer_raidhetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_raw-KVM-writeback3K6K9K12K15KSE +/- 53.78, N = 9SE +/- 338.71, N = 9SE +/- 67.85, N = 3SE +/- 1211.81, N = 9SE +/- 1222.27, N = 9SE +/- 14.33, N = 3SE +/- 57.87, N = 64354.097623.486999.8714274.477822.884805.894920.981. (CC) gcc options: -fno-strict-aliasing -fwrapv -O2 -lpgcommon -lpgport -lpq -lpthread -lrt -lcrypt -ldl -lm

PostgreSQL pgbench

Scaling: On-Disk - Test: Normal Load - Mode: Read Write

OpenBenchmarking.orgTPS, More Is BetterPostgreSQL pgbench 12.0Scaling: On-Disk - Test: Normal Load - Mode: Read Writehetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-raid1_optimized_arc8-16-KVM-nocachehetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_qcow2-KVM-nocachehetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_raw-KVM-nocachehetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_raw-KVM-nocache-2-newer raidhetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_qcow2-with-snapshots-KVM-nocachehetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_qcow2-wo-snapshots-KVM-nocache-newer_raidhetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_raw-KVM-writeback3K6K9K12K15KSE +/- 32.33, N = 3SE +/- 287.46, N = 6SE +/- 87.23, N = 3SE +/- 551.41, N = 7SE +/- 833.73, N = 6SE +/- 61.58, N = 9SE +/- 38.54, N = 33574.127369.496490.6214151.6511819.974585.394397.061. (CC) gcc options: -fno-strict-aliasing -fwrapv -O2 -lpgcommon -lpgport -lpq -lpthread -lrt -lcrypt -ldl -lm

LevelDB

Benchmark: Fill Sync

OpenBenchmarking.orgMicroseconds Per Op, Fewer Is BetterLevelDB 1.22Benchmark: Fill Synchetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-raid1_optimized_arc8-16-KVM-nocachehetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_qcow2-KVM-nocachehetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_raw-KVM-nocachehetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_raw-KVM-nocache-2-newer raidhetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_qcow2-with-snapshots-KVM-nocachehetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_qcow2-wo-snapshots-KVM-nocache-newer_raidhetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_raw-KVM-writeback2004006008001000SE +/- 12.86, N = 12SE +/- 8.65, N = 15SE +/- 13.33, N = 15SE +/- 11.22, N = 15SE +/- 7.09, N = 11SE +/- 12.91, N = 3SE +/- 17.14, N = 15911.44880.41789.57708.74915.39900.82801.781. (CXX) g++ options: -O3 -lsnappy -lpthread

FS-Mark

Test: 5000 Files, 1MB Size, 4 Threads

OpenBenchmarking.orgFiles/s, More Is BetterFS-Mark 3.3Test: 5000 Files, 1MB Size, 4 Threadshetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-raid1_optimized_arc8-16-KVM-nocachehetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_qcow2-KVM-nocachehetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_raw-KVM-nocachehetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_raw-KVM-nocache-2-newer raidhetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_qcow2-with-snapshots-KVM-nocachehetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_qcow2-wo-snapshots-KVM-nocache-newer_raidhetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_raw-KVM-writeback400800120016002000SE +/- 22.05, N = 15SE +/- 87.43, N = 12SE +/- 103.14, N = 12SE +/- 26.81, N = 3SE +/- 20.80, N = 8SE +/- 13.38, N = 3SE +/- 16.91, N = 15555.01551.71960.02093.31993.41542.51845.71. (CC) gcc options: -static

Flexible IO Tester

Type: Random Write - IO Engine: Linux AIO - Buffered: No - Direct: Yes - Block Size: 2MB - Disk Target: Default Test Directory

OpenBenchmarking.orgIOPS, More Is BetterFlexible IO Tester 3.18Type: Random Write - IO Engine: Linux AIO - Buffered: No - Direct: Yes - Block Size: 2MB - Disk Target: Default Test Directoryhetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-raid1_optimized_arc8-16-KVM-nocachehetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_qcow2-KVM-nocachehetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_raw-KVM-nocachehetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_raw-KVM-nocache-2-newer raidhetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_qcow2-with-snapshots-KVM-nocachehetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_qcow2-wo-snapshots-KVM-nocache-newer_raidhetzner3-epyc7502p-proxmox_hetznerdebian-mdadm_raid1_dir_raw-KVM-writeback14002800420056007000SE +/- 89.04, N = 4SE +/- 7.78, N = 15SE +/- 8.28, N = 15SE +/- 5.16, N = 15SE +/- 11.67, N = 15SE +/- 23.50, N = 13SE +/- 14.58, N = 10647645545259953641515481. (CC) gcc options: -rdynamic -std=gnu99 -ffast-math -include -O3 -fcommon -U_FORTIFY_SOURCE -march=native -ll -lrt -laio -lz -lpthread -lm -ldl


Phoronix Test Suite v10.8.4