AWS Graviton Benchmarks

Benchmarks by Michael Larabel for a future article.

HTML result view exported from: https://openbenchmarking.org/result/2407249-NE-2407235NE81&rdt&grw.

AWS Graviton BenchmarksProcessorMotherboardMemoryDiskNetworkOSKernelCompilerFile-SystemGraviton1 16 Cores a1.metalGraviton4 96 Cores r8g.metal-24xlGraviton2 64 Cores r6g.metalARMv8 Cortex-A72 (16 Cores)Amazon EC2 a1.metal (1.0 BIOS)32GB429GB Amazon Elastic Block StoreAmazon ElasticUbuntu 24.046.8.0-1009-aws (aarch64)GCC 13.2.0ext4ARMv8 Neoverse-V2 (96 Cores)Amazon EC2 r8g.metal-24xl (1.0 BIOS)12 x 64GB DDR5-5600MT/sARMv8 Neoverse-N1 (64 Cores)Amazon EC2 r6g.metal (1.0 BIOS)8 x 64GB DDR4-3200MT/sOpenBenchmarking.orgKernel Details- Transparent Huge Pages: madviseCompiler Details- --build=aarch64-linux-gnu --disable-libquadmath --disable-libquadmath-support --disable-werror --enable-checking=release --enable-clocale=gnu --enable-default-pie --enable-fix-cortex-a53-843419 --enable-gnu-unique-object --enable-languages=c,ada,c++,go,d,fortran,objc,obj-c++,m2 --enable-libphobos-checking=release --enable-libstdcxx-backtrace --enable-libstdcxx-debug --enable-libstdcxx-time=yes --enable-multiarch --enable-nls --enable-objc-gc=auto --enable-offload-defaulted --enable-offload-targets=nvptx-none=/build/gcc-13-dIwDw0/gcc-13-13.2.0/debian/tmp-nvptx/usr --enable-plugin --enable-shared --enable-threads=posix --host=aarch64-linux-gnu --program-prefix=aarch64-linux-gnu- --target=aarch64-linux-gnu --with-default-libstdcxx-abi=new --with-gcc-major-version-only --with-target-system-zlib=auto --without-cuda-driver -v Java Details- OpenJDK Runtime Environment (build 11.0.23+9-post-Ubuntu-1ubuntu1)Python Details- Python 3.12.3Security Details- Graviton1 16 Cores a1.metal: gather_data_sampling: Not affected + itlb_multihit: Not affected + l1tf: Not affected + mds: Not affected + meltdown: Not affected + mmio_stale_data: Not affected + reg_file_data_sampling: Not affected + retbleed: Not affected + spec_rstack_overflow: Not affected + spec_store_bypass: Not affected + spectre_v1: Mitigation of __user pointer sanitization + spectre_v2: Mitigation of Branch predictor hardening BHB + srbds: Not affected + tsx_async_abort: Not affected - Graviton4 96 Cores r8g.metal-24xl: gather_data_sampling: Not affected + itlb_multihit: Not affected + l1tf: Not affected + mds: Not affected + meltdown: Not affected + mmio_stale_data: Not affected + reg_file_data_sampling: Not affected + retbleed: Not affected + spec_rstack_overflow: Not affected + spec_store_bypass: Mitigation of SSB disabled via prctl + spectre_v1: Mitigation of __user pointer sanitization + spectre_v2: Not affected + srbds: Not affected + tsx_async_abort: Not affected - Graviton2 64 Cores r6g.metal: gather_data_sampling: Not affected + itlb_multihit: Not affected + l1tf: Not affected + mds: Not affected + meltdown: Not affected + mmio_stale_data: Not affected + reg_file_data_sampling: Not affected + retbleed: Not affected + spec_rstack_overflow: Not affected + spec_store_bypass: Mitigation of SSB disabled via prctl + spectre_v1: Mitigation of __user pointer sanitization + spectre_v2: Mitigation of CSV2 BHB + srbds: Not affected + tsx_async_abort: Not affected

AWS Graviton Benchmarkscompress-lz4: 1 - Compression Speedcompress-lz4: 1 - Decompression Speedcompress-lz4: 2 - Compression Speedcompress-lz4: 2 - Decompression Speedcompress-lz4: 3 - Compression Speedcompress-lz4: 3 - Decompression Speedcompress-lz4: 9 - Compression Speedcompress-lz4: 9 - Decompression Speedcompress-lz4: 12 - Compression Speedcompress-lz4: 12 - Decompression Speedstress-ng: CPU Cachestress-ng: Power Mathstress-ng: Matrix Mathstress-ng: Vector Mathstress-ng: Floating Pointstress-ng: Matrix 3D Mathstress-ng: Memory Copyingstress-ng: Logarithmic Mathstress-ng: Fused Multiply-Addstress-ng: Trigonometric Mathstress-ng: Vector Floating Pointwebp: Defaultwebp: Quality 100webp: Quality 100, Losslessopenssl: ChaCha20-Poly1305webp: Quality 100, Highest Compressionnumpy: gromacs: MPI CPU - water_GMX50_barehpcg: 104 104 104 - 60mt-dgemm: Sustained Floating-Point Rateminife: Smallcoremark: CoreMark Size 666 - Iterations Per Secondstockfish: Chess Benchmarkcompress-7zip: Compression Ratingcompress-7zip: Decompression Ratingjohn-the-ripper: bcryptjohn-the-ripper: WPA PSKjohn-the-ripper: Blowfishjohn-the-ripper: HMAC-SHA512john-the-ripper: MD5build-php: Time To Compilegraphics-magick: Sharpengraphics-magick: Enhancedopenssl: AES-256-GCMopenssl: ChaCha20openssl: AES-128-GCMopenssl: SHA512openssl: SHA256graphics-magick: Resizinggraphics-magick: Noise-Gaussiangraphics-magick: HWB Color Spacec-ray: 4K - 16c-ray: 5K - 16c-ray: 1080p - 16avifenc: 0avifenc: 2avifenc: 6avifenc: 6, Losslessbuild-godot: Time To Compilebuild-nodejs: Time To Compilepyperformance: pathlibpyperformance: xml_etreeblender: Fishy Cat - CPU-Onlypyperformance: crypto_pyaesblender: BMW27 - CPU-Onlypyperformance: json_loadspyperformance: regex_compilepyperformance: python_startupsrsran: PDSCH Processor Benchmark, Throughput Totalsrsran: PUSCH Processor Benchmark, Throughput Totalsrsran: PDSCH Processor Benchmark, Throughput Threadsrsran: PUSCH Processor Benchmark, Throughput Threadspeedb: Rand Readspeedb: Update Randspeedb: Read While Writingspeedb: Read Rand Write Randrocksdb: Rand Readblender: Classroom - CPU-Onlyphpbench: PHP Benchmark Suiterocksdb: Update Randrocksdb: Read While Writingrocksdb: Read Rand Write Randcassandra: Writespgbench: 100 - 1000 - Read Onlypgbench: 100 - 1000 - Read Only - Average Latencypgbench: 100 - 1000 - Read Writepgbench: 100 - 1000 - Read Write - Average LatencyGraviton1 16 Cores a1.metalGraviton4 96 Cores r8g.metal-24xlGraviton2 64 Cores r6g.metal237.681514.782.511153.137.301137.313.721102.04.831090.3631797.131609.167343.9928508.49852.8838.941997.893302.684928995.122998.753466.254.633.250.4065541467701.43104.590.3133.768670.8792504159.12192273.0337152493057326974124478427894800310321667190426479.64226202577349645782854503333045574133725058918776151749933612681566.9461008.693140.822668.499381.11221.28828.2291674.4694663.276110230952.43227599.3972.145525.91307.3169.394.018.7232866301281672433641552621232528211289.612342111646161268650574458263481018709.8164632215.890697.893927.7329.413326.1115.143489.539.803573.111.953595.54735225.1723418.40631796.65438910.4012455.0222886.6232525.1250252.6665585333.0445810.37119727.5711.617.821.331106994500033.22495.786.92661.619560.63583970677.82732642.268891118337918479851494660856478628185667158238333236733389.999325294400130558450148791688760444871148797532034182838560484677027820830118.92733.6784.891130.20380.2432.7775.237126.346289.26717.658.264.0765.033.7220.61017.5522062.71961.7278.769.464093847172939811490911534291152745854769.40829221132742311560819704710123965828932640.3464303232.433453.052442.0184.992074.070.432167.125.502200.38.022207.62004843.769242.02284337.61165655.634700.485845.8811890.8318828.2233894303.5417338.1742695.467.555.150.80466369989302.07272.072.73120.559120.41080022864.21176422.68581143949837233491233493453494997545305647126671341667178.11015312812684632318767238751070157386309813141228694633897630800327011721263.489112.87416.181251.332159.5084.5968.969266.138647.61931.7100146.6811081.5436.717812.48295.6727.9146.639.418799668336354082297802781037165261499166.70444204728335612889934210232358429855091.0154414226.572OpenBenchmarking.org

LZ4 Compression

Compression Level: 1 - Compression Speed

OpenBenchmarking.orgMB/s, More Is BetterLZ4 Compression 1.10Compression Level: 1 - Compression SpeedGraviton1 16 Cores a1.metalGraviton4 96 Cores r8g.metal-24xlGraviton2 64 Cores r6g.metal150300450600750SE +/- 3.13, N = 3SE +/- 0.04, N = 3SE +/- 0.11, N = 3237.68697.89453.051. (CC) gcc options: -O3 -pthread

LZ4 Compression

Compression Level: 1 - Decompression Speed

OpenBenchmarking.orgMB/s, More Is BetterLZ4 Compression 1.10Compression Level: 1 - Decompression SpeedGraviton1 16 Cores a1.metalGraviton4 96 Cores r8g.metal-24xlGraviton2 64 Cores r6g.metal8001600240032004000SE +/- 0.30, N = 3SE +/- 0.19, N = 3SE +/- 0.57, N = 31514.73927.72442.01. (CC) gcc options: -O3 -pthread

LZ4 Compression

Compression Level: 2 - Compression Speed

OpenBenchmarking.orgMB/s, More Is BetterLZ4 Compression 1.10Compression Level: 2 - Compression SpeedGraviton1 16 Cores a1.metalGraviton4 96 Cores r8g.metal-24xlGraviton2 64 Cores r6g.metal70140210280350SE +/- 0.02, N = 3SE +/- 0.13, N = 3SE +/- 0.00, N = 382.51329.41184.991. (CC) gcc options: -O3 -pthread

LZ4 Compression

Compression Level: 2 - Decompression Speed

OpenBenchmarking.orgMB/s, More Is BetterLZ4 Compression 1.10Compression Level: 2 - Decompression SpeedGraviton1 16 Cores a1.metalGraviton4 96 Cores r8g.metal-24xlGraviton2 64 Cores r6g.metal7001400210028003500SE +/- 0.27, N = 3SE +/- 0.13, N = 3SE +/- 0.32, N = 31153.13326.12074.01. (CC) gcc options: -O3 -pthread

LZ4 Compression

Compression Level: 3 - Compression Speed

OpenBenchmarking.orgMB/s, More Is BetterLZ4 Compression 1.10Compression Level: 3 - Compression SpeedGraviton1 16 Cores a1.metalGraviton4 96 Cores r8g.metal-24xlGraviton2 64 Cores r6g.metal306090120150SE +/- 0.01, N = 3SE +/- 0.08, N = 3SE +/- 0.05, N = 337.30115.1470.431. (CC) gcc options: -O3 -pthread

LZ4 Compression

Compression Level: 3 - Decompression Speed

OpenBenchmarking.orgMB/s, More Is BetterLZ4 Compression 1.10Compression Level: 3 - Decompression SpeedGraviton1 16 Cores a1.metalGraviton4 96 Cores r8g.metal-24xlGraviton2 64 Cores r6g.metal7001400210028003500SE +/- 0.06, N = 3SE +/- 0.15, N = 3SE +/- 0.12, N = 31137.33489.52167.11. (CC) gcc options: -O3 -pthread

LZ4 Compression

Compression Level: 9 - Compression Speed

OpenBenchmarking.orgMB/s, More Is BetterLZ4 Compression 1.10Compression Level: 9 - Compression SpeedGraviton1 16 Cores a1.metalGraviton4 96 Cores r8g.metal-24xlGraviton2 64 Cores r6g.metal918273645SE +/- 0.01, N = 3SE +/- 0.01, N = 3SE +/- 0.03, N = 313.7239.8025.501. (CC) gcc options: -O3 -pthread

LZ4 Compression

Compression Level: 9 - Decompression Speed

OpenBenchmarking.orgMB/s, More Is BetterLZ4 Compression 1.10Compression Level: 9 - Decompression SpeedGraviton1 16 Cores a1.metalGraviton4 96 Cores r8g.metal-24xlGraviton2 64 Cores r6g.metal8001600240032004000SE +/- 0.06, N = 3SE +/- 0.40, N = 3SE +/- 0.31, N = 31102.03573.12200.31. (CC) gcc options: -O3 -pthread

LZ4 Compression

Compression Level: 12 - Compression Speed

OpenBenchmarking.orgMB/s, More Is BetterLZ4 Compression 1.10Compression Level: 12 - Compression SpeedGraviton1 16 Cores a1.metalGraviton4 96 Cores r8g.metal-24xlGraviton2 64 Cores r6g.metal3691215SE +/- 0.00, N = 3SE +/- 0.00, N = 3SE +/- 0.00, N = 34.8311.958.021. (CC) gcc options: -O3 -pthread

LZ4 Compression

Compression Level: 12 - Decompression Speed

OpenBenchmarking.orgMB/s, More Is BetterLZ4 Compression 1.10Compression Level: 12 - Decompression SpeedGraviton1 16 Cores a1.metalGraviton4 96 Cores r8g.metal-24xlGraviton2 64 Cores r6g.metal8001600240032004000SE +/- 2.61, N = 3SE +/- 1.89, N = 3SE +/- 0.29, N = 31090.33595.52207.61. (CC) gcc options: -O3 -pthread

Stress-NG

Test: CPU Cache

OpenBenchmarking.orgBogo Ops/s, More Is BetterStress-NG 0.17.08Test: CPU CacheGraviton1 16 Cores a1.metalGraviton4 96 Cores r8g.metal-24xlGraviton2 64 Cores r6g.metal1000K2000K3000K4000K5000KSE +/- 3895.03, N = 3SE +/- 57877.80, N = 15SE +/- 23602.71, N = 15631797.134735225.172004843.761. (CXX) g++ options: -O2 -std=gnu99 -lc -lm

Stress-NG

Test: Power Math

OpenBenchmarking.orgBogo Ops/s, More Is BetterStress-NG 0.17.08Test: Power MathGraviton1 16 Cores a1.metalGraviton4 96 Cores r8g.metal-24xlGraviton2 64 Cores r6g.metal5K10K15K20K25KSE +/- 0.08, N = 3SE +/- 0.98, N = 3SE +/- 13.10, N = 31609.1623418.409242.021. (CXX) g++ options: -O2 -std=gnu99 -lc -lm

Stress-NG

Test: Matrix Math

OpenBenchmarking.orgBogo Ops/s, More Is BetterStress-NG 0.17.08Test: Matrix MathGraviton1 16 Cores a1.metalGraviton4 96 Cores r8g.metal-24xlGraviton2 64 Cores r6g.metal140K280K420K560K700KSE +/- 74.42, N = 3SE +/- 9.55, N = 3SE +/- 7.14, N = 37343.99631796.65284337.611. (CXX) g++ options: -O2 -std=gnu99 -lc -lm

Stress-NG

Test: Vector Math

OpenBenchmarking.orgBogo Ops/s, More Is BetterStress-NG 0.17.08Test: Vector MathGraviton1 16 Cores a1.metalGraviton4 96 Cores r8g.metal-24xlGraviton2 64 Cores r6g.metal90K180K270K360K450KSE +/- 0.54, N = 3SE +/- 85.60, N = 3SE +/- 6.90, N = 328508.49438910.40165655.631. (CXX) g++ options: -O2 -std=gnu99 -lc -lm

Stress-NG

Test: Floating Point

OpenBenchmarking.orgBogo Ops/s, More Is BetterStress-NG 0.17.08Test: Floating PointGraviton1 16 Cores a1.metalGraviton4 96 Cores r8g.metal-24xlGraviton2 64 Cores r6g.metal3K6K9K12K15KSE +/- 1.60, N = 3SE +/- 2.60, N = 3SE +/- 0.17, N = 3852.8012455.024700.481. (CXX) g++ options: -O2 -std=gnu99 -lc -lm

Stress-NG

Test: Matrix 3D Math

OpenBenchmarking.orgBogo Ops/s, More Is BetterStress-NG 0.17.08Test: Matrix 3D MathGraviton1 16 Cores a1.metalGraviton4 96 Cores r8g.metal-24xlGraviton2 64 Cores r6g.metal5K10K15K20K25KSE +/- 3.67, N = 3SE +/- 50.98, N = 3SE +/- 4.86, N = 3838.9422886.625845.881. (CXX) g++ options: -O2 -std=gnu99 -lc -lm

Stress-NG

Test: Memory Copying

OpenBenchmarking.orgBogo Ops/s, More Is BetterStress-NG 0.17.08Test: Memory CopyingGraviton1 16 Cores a1.metalGraviton4 96 Cores r8g.metal-24xlGraviton2 64 Cores r6g.metal7K14K21K28K35KSE +/- 0.09, N = 3SE +/- 13.60, N = 3SE +/- 1.30, N = 31997.8932525.1211890.831. (CXX) g++ options: -O2 -std=gnu99 -lc -lm

Stress-NG

Test: Logarithmic Math

OpenBenchmarking.orgBogo Ops/s, More Is BetterStress-NG 0.17.08Test: Logarithmic MathGraviton1 16 Cores a1.metalGraviton4 96 Cores r8g.metal-24xlGraviton2 64 Cores r6g.metal11K22K33K44K55KSE +/- 0.28, N = 3SE +/- 1.22, N = 3SE +/- 0.91, N = 33302.6850252.6618828.221. (CXX) g++ options: -O2 -std=gnu99 -lc -lm

Stress-NG

Test: Fused Multiply-Add

OpenBenchmarking.orgBogo Ops/s, More Is BetterStress-NG 0.17.08Test: Fused Multiply-AddGraviton1 16 Cores a1.metalGraviton4 96 Cores r8g.metal-24xlGraviton2 64 Cores r6g.metal14M28M42M56M70MSE +/- 2472.21, N = 3SE +/- 1063.93, N = 3SE +/- 1364.97, N = 34928995.1265585333.0433894303.541. (CXX) g++ options: -O2 -std=gnu99 -lc -lm

Stress-NG

Test: Trigonometric Math

OpenBenchmarking.orgBogo Ops/s, More Is BetterStress-NG 0.17.08Test: Trigonometric MathGraviton1 16 Cores a1.metalGraviton4 96 Cores r8g.metal-24xlGraviton2 64 Cores r6g.metal10K20K30K40K50KSE +/- 0.04, N = 3SE +/- 11.48, N = 3SE +/- 2.00, N = 32998.7545810.3717338.171. (CXX) g++ options: -O2 -std=gnu99 -lc -lm

Stress-NG

Test: Vector Floating Point

OpenBenchmarking.orgBogo Ops/s, More Is BetterStress-NG 0.17.08Test: Vector Floating PointGraviton1 16 Cores a1.metalGraviton4 96 Cores r8g.metal-24xlGraviton2 64 Cores r6g.metal30K60K90K120K150KSE +/- 0.38, N = 3SE +/- 17.26, N = 3SE +/- 35.00, N = 33466.25119727.5742695.461. (CXX) g++ options: -O2 -std=gnu99 -lc -lm

WebP Image Encode

Encode Settings: Default

OpenBenchmarking.orgMP/s, More Is BetterWebP Image Encode 1.4Encode Settings: DefaultGraviton1 16 Cores a1.metalGraviton4 96 Cores r8g.metal-24xlGraviton2 64 Cores r6g.metal3691215SE +/- 0.01, N = 3SE +/- 0.02, N = 3SE +/- 0.00, N = 34.6311.617.551. (CC) gcc options: -fvisibility=hidden -O2 -lm

WebP Image Encode

Encode Settings: Quality 100

OpenBenchmarking.orgMP/s, More Is BetterWebP Image Encode 1.4Encode Settings: Quality 100Graviton1 16 Cores a1.metalGraviton4 96 Cores r8g.metal-24xlGraviton2 64 Cores r6g.metal246810SE +/- 0.01, N = 3SE +/- 0.01, N = 3SE +/- 0.01, N = 33.257.825.151. (CC) gcc options: -fvisibility=hidden -O2 -lm

WebP Image Encode

Encode Settings: Quality 100, Lossless

OpenBenchmarking.orgMP/s, More Is BetterWebP Image Encode 1.4Encode Settings: Quality 100, LosslessGraviton1 16 Cores a1.metalGraviton4 96 Cores r8g.metal-24xlGraviton2 64 Cores r6g.metal0.29930.59860.89791.19721.4965SE +/- 0.00, N = 3SE +/- 0.00, N = 3SE +/- 0.00, N = 30.401.330.801. (CC) gcc options: -fvisibility=hidden -O2 -lm

OpenSSL

Algorithm: ChaCha20-Poly1305

OpenBenchmarking.orgbyte/s, More Is BetterOpenSSLAlgorithm: ChaCha20-Poly1305Graviton1 16 Cores a1.metalGraviton4 96 Cores r8g.metal-24xlGraviton2 64 Cores r6g.metal20000M40000M60000M80000M100000MSE +/- 4948671.03, N = 3SE +/- 512363.59, N = 3SE +/- 281207.00, N = 36554146770110699450003466369989301. OpenSSL 3.0.13 30 Jan 2024 (Library: OpenSSL 3.0.13 30 Jan 2024)

WebP Image Encode

Encode Settings: Quality 100, Highest Compression

OpenBenchmarking.orgMP/s, More Is BetterWebP Image Encode 1.4Encode Settings: Quality 100, Highest CompressionGraviton1 16 Cores a1.metalGraviton4 96 Cores r8g.metal-24xlGraviton2 64 Cores r6g.metal0.72451.4492.17352.8983.6225SE +/- 0.01, N = 3SE +/- 0.00, N = 3SE +/- 0.00, N = 31.433.222.071. (CC) gcc options: -fvisibility=hidden -O2 -lm

Numpy Benchmark

OpenBenchmarking.orgScore, More Is BetterNumpy BenchmarkGraviton1 16 Cores a1.metalGraviton4 96 Cores r8g.metal-24xlGraviton2 64 Cores r6g.metal110220330440550SE +/- 0.23, N = 3SE +/- 0.76, N = 3SE +/- 0.29, N = 3104.59495.78272.07

GROMACS

Implementation: MPI CPU - Input: water_GMX50_bare

OpenBenchmarking.orgNs Per Day, More Is BetterGROMACS 2024Implementation: MPI CPU - Input: water_GMX50_bareGraviton1 16 Cores a1.metalGraviton4 96 Cores r8g.metal-24xlGraviton2 64 Cores r6g.metal246810SE +/- 0.000, N = 3SE +/- 0.001, N = 3SE +/- 0.001, N = 30.3136.9262.7311. (CXX) g++ options: -O3 -lm

High Performance Conjugate Gradient

X Y Z: 104 104 104 - RT: 60

OpenBenchmarking.orgGFLOP/s, More Is BetterHigh Performance Conjugate Gradient 3.1X Y Z: 104 104 104 - RT: 60Graviton1 16 Cores a1.metalGraviton4 96 Cores r8g.metal-24xlGraviton2 64 Cores r6g.metal1428425670SE +/- 0.00496, N = 3SE +/- 0.01489, N = 3SE +/- 0.00037, N = 33.7686761.6195020.559101. (CXX) g++ options: -O3 -ffast-math -ftree-vectorize -lmpi_cxx -lmpi

ACES DGEMM

Sustained Floating-Point Rate

OpenBenchmarking.orgGFLOP/s, More Is BetterACES DGEMM 1.0Sustained Floating-Point RateGraviton1 16 Cores a1.metalGraviton4 96 Cores r8g.metal-24xlGraviton2 64 Cores r6g.metal1428425670SE +/- 0.003641, N = 3SE +/- 0.164173, N = 3SE +/- 0.156541, N = 30.87925060.63583920.4108001. (CC) gcc options: -O3 -march=native -fopenmp

miniFE

Problem Size: Small

OpenBenchmarking.orgCG Mflops, More Is BetterminiFE 2.2Problem Size: SmallGraviton1 16 Cores a1.metalGraviton4 96 Cores r8g.metal-24xlGraviton2 64 Cores r6g.metal15K30K45K60K75KSE +/- 1.93, N = 3SE +/- 233.77, N = 3SE +/- 11.77, N = 34159.1270677.8022864.201. (CXX) g++ options: -O3 -fopenmp -lmpi_cxx -lmpi

Coremark

CoreMark Size 666 - Iterations Per Second

OpenBenchmarking.orgIterations/Sec, More Is BetterCoremark 1.0CoreMark Size 666 - Iterations Per SecondGraviton1 16 Cores a1.metalGraviton4 96 Cores r8g.metal-24xlGraviton2 64 Cores r6g.metal600K1200K1800K2400K3000KSE +/- 24.05, N = 3SE +/- 64.82, N = 3SE +/- 300.99, N = 3192273.032732642.271176422.691. (CC) gcc options: -O2 -lrt" -lrt

Stockfish

Chess Benchmark

OpenBenchmarking.orgNodes Per Second, More Is BetterStockfish 16.1Chess BenchmarkGraviton1 16 Cores a1.metalGraviton4 96 Cores r8g.metal-24xlGraviton2 64 Cores r6g.metal30M60M90M120M150MSE +/- 39945.87, N = 9SE +/- 2918876.82, N = 15SE +/- 1121445.57, N = 122493057118337918439498371. (CXX) g++ options: -lgcov -lpthread -fno-exceptions -std=c++17 -fno-peel-loops -fno-tracer -pedantic -O3 -funroll-loops -flto -flto-partition=one -flto=jobserver

7-Zip Compression

Test: Compression Rating

OpenBenchmarking.orgMIPS, More Is Better7-Zip Compression 24.05Test: Compression RatingGraviton1 16 Cores a1.metalGraviton4 96 Cores r8g.metal-24xlGraviton2 64 Cores r6g.metal100K200K300K400K500KSE +/- 28.98, N = 3SE +/- 2385.17, N = 3SE +/- 159.81, N = 3326974798512334911. (CXX) g++ options: -lpthread -ldl -O2 -fPIC

7-Zip Compression

Test: Decompression Rating

OpenBenchmarking.orgMIPS, More Is Better7-Zip Compression 24.05Test: Decompression RatingGraviton1 16 Cores a1.metalGraviton4 96 Cores r8g.metal-24xlGraviton2 64 Cores r6g.metal110K220K330K440K550KSE +/- 50.81, N = 3SE +/- 158.70, N = 3SE +/- 32.36, N = 3412444946602334931. (CXX) g++ options: -lpthread -ldl -O2 -fPIC

John The Ripper

Test: bcrypt

OpenBenchmarking.orgReal C/S, More Is BetterJohn The Ripper 2023.03.14Test: bcryptGraviton1 16 Cores a1.metalGraviton4 96 Cores r8g.metal-24xlGraviton2 64 Cores r6g.metal20K40K60K80K100KSE +/- 94.53, N = 15SE +/- 22.45, N = 3SE +/- 0.67, N = 3784285647453491. (CC) gcc options: -lssl -lcrypto -fopenmp -lm -lrt -lz -ldl -lcrypt

John The Ripper

Test: WPA PSK

OpenBenchmarking.orgReal C/S, More Is BetterJohn The Ripper 2023.03.14Test: WPA PSKGraviton1 16 Cores a1.metalGraviton4 96 Cores r8g.metal-24xlGraviton2 64 Cores r6g.metal20K40K60K80K100KSE +/- 1.33, N = 3SE +/- 0.00, N = 3SE +/- 11.59, N = 3789486281499751. (CC) gcc options: -lssl -lcrypto -fopenmp -lm -lrt -lz -ldl -lcrypt

John The Ripper

Test: Blowfish

OpenBenchmarking.orgReal C/S, More Is BetterJohn The Ripper 2023.03.14Test: BlowfishGraviton1 16 Cores a1.metalGraviton4 96 Cores r8g.metal-24xlGraviton2 64 Cores r6g.metal20K40K60K80K100KSE +/- 106.90, N = 15SE +/- 3.00, N = 3SE +/- 36.69, N = 3800385667453051. (CC) gcc options: -lssl -lcrypto -fopenmp -lm -lrt -lz -ldl -lcrypt

John The Ripper

Test: HMAC-SHA512

OpenBenchmarking.orgReal C/S, More Is BetterJohn The Ripper 2023.03.14Test: HMAC-SHA512Graviton1 16 Cores a1.metalGraviton4 96 Cores r8g.metal-24xlGraviton2 64 Cores r6g.metal30M60M90M120M150MSE +/- 9769.57, N = 3SE +/- 162829.50, N = 3SE +/- 77846.72, N = 310321667158238333647126671. (CC) gcc options: -lssl -lcrypto -fopenmp -lm -lrt -lz -ldl -lcrypt

John The Ripper

Test: MD5

OpenBenchmarking.orgReal C/S, More Is BetterJohn The Ripper 2023.03.14Test: MD5Graviton1 16 Cores a1.metalGraviton4 96 Cores r8g.metal-24xlGraviton2 64 Cores r6g.metal500K1000K1500K2000K2500KSE +/- 287.69, N = 3SE +/- 1201.85, N = 3SE +/- 333.33, N = 3190426236733313416671. (CC) gcc options: -lssl -lcrypto -fopenmp -lm -lrt -lz -ldl -lcrypt

Timed PHP Compilation

Time To Compile

OpenBenchmarking.orgSeconds, Fewer Is BetterTimed PHP Compilation 8.3.4Time To CompileGraviton1 16 Cores a1.metalGraviton4 96 Cores r8g.metal-24xlGraviton2 64 Cores r6g.metal100200300400500SE +/- 0.12, N = 3SE +/- 0.10, N = 3SE +/- 0.59, N = 3479.6490.00178.11

GraphicsMagick

Operation: Sharpen

OpenBenchmarking.orgIterations Per Minute, More Is BetterGraphicsMagick 1.3.43Operation: SharpenGraviton1 16 Cores a1.metalGraviton4 96 Cores r8g.metal-24xlGraviton2 64 Cores r6g.metal70140210280350SE +/- 0.00, N = 3SE +/- 0.33, N = 3SE +/- 0.00, N = 3263251531. (CC) gcc options: -fopenmp -O2 -ljpeg -lXext -lSM -lICE -lX11 -lxml2 -lz -lm -lpthread -lgomp

GraphicsMagick

Operation: Enhanced

OpenBenchmarking.orgIterations Per Minute, More Is BetterGraphicsMagick 1.3.43Operation: EnhancedGraviton1 16 Cores a1.metalGraviton4 96 Cores r8g.metal-24xlGraviton2 64 Cores r6g.metal60120180240300SE +/- 0.00, N = 3SE +/- 0.67, N = 3SE +/- 0.33, N = 3202941281. (CC) gcc options: -fopenmp -O2 -ljpeg -lXext -lSM -lICE -lX11 -lxml2 -lz -lm -lpthread -lgomp

OpenSSL

Algorithm: AES-256-GCM

OpenBenchmarking.orgbyte/s, More Is BetterOpenSSLAlgorithm: AES-256-GCMGraviton1 16 Cores a1.metalGraviton4 96 Cores r8g.metal-24xlGraviton2 64 Cores r6g.metal90000M180000M270000M360000M450000MSE +/- 17186337.18, N = 3SE +/- 15611507.33, N = 3SE +/- 5879487.16, N = 3257734964574001305584501268463231871. OpenSSL 3.0.13 30 Jan 2024 (Library: OpenSSL 3.0.13 30 Jan 2024)

OpenSSL

Algorithm: ChaCha20

OpenBenchmarking.orgbyte/s, More Is BetterOpenSSLAlgorithm: ChaCha20Graviton1 16 Cores a1.metalGraviton4 96 Cores r8g.metal-24xlGraviton2 64 Cores r6g.metal30000M60000M90000M120000M150000MSE +/- 4780384.74, N = 3SE +/- 430328.22, N = 3SE +/- 157650.92, N = 38285450333148791688760672387510701. OpenSSL 3.0.13 30 Jan 2024 (Library: OpenSSL 3.0.13 30 Jan 2024)

OpenSSL

Algorithm: AES-128-GCM

OpenBenchmarking.orgbyte/s, More Is BetterOpenSSLAlgorithm: AES-128-GCMGraviton1 16 Cores a1.metalGraviton4 96 Cores r8g.metal-24xlGraviton2 64 Cores r6g.metal100000M200000M300000M400000M500000MSE +/- 35254075.37, N = 3SE +/- 2173107.96, N = 3SE +/- 27172495.86, N = 3304557413374448711487971573863098131. OpenSSL 3.0.13 30 Jan 2024 (Library: OpenSSL 3.0.13 30 Jan 2024)

OpenSSL

Algorithm: SHA512

OpenBenchmarking.orgbyte/s, More Is BetterOpenSSLAlgorithm: SHA512Graviton1 16 Cores a1.metalGraviton4 96 Cores r8g.metal-24xlGraviton2 64 Cores r6g.metal11000M22000M33000M44000M55000MSE +/- 4619831.10, N = 3SE +/- 4634061.90, N = 3SE +/- 20829920.25, N = 3250589187753203418283141228694631. OpenSSL 3.0.13 30 Jan 2024 (Library: OpenSSL 3.0.13 30 Jan 2024)

OpenSSL

Algorithm: SHA256

OpenBenchmarking.orgbyte/s, More Is BetterOpenSSLAlgorithm: SHA256Graviton1 16 Cores a1.metalGraviton4 96 Cores r8g.metal-24xlGraviton2 64 Cores r6g.metal20000M40000M60000M80000M100000MSE +/- 62991235.00, N = 3SE +/- 7443314.27, N = 3SE +/- 308447238.10, N = 3615174993385604846770389763080031. OpenSSL 3.0.13 30 Jan 2024 (Library: OpenSSL 3.0.13 30 Jan 2024)

GraphicsMagick

Operation: Resizing

OpenBenchmarking.orgIterations Per Minute, More Is BetterGraphicsMagick 1.3.43Operation: ResizingGraviton1 16 Cores a1.metalGraviton4 96 Cores r8g.metal-24xlGraviton2 64 Cores r6g.metal60120180240300SE +/- 0.00, N = 3SE +/- 0.58, N = 3SE +/- 0.00, N = 3612782701. (CC) gcc options: -fopenmp -O2 -ljpeg -lXext -lSM -lICE -lX11 -lxml2 -lz -lm -lpthread -lgomp

GraphicsMagick

Operation: Noise-Gaussian

OpenBenchmarking.orgIterations Per Minute, More Is BetterGraphicsMagick 1.3.43Operation: Noise-GaussianGraviton1 16 Cores a1.metalGraviton4 96 Cores r8g.metal-24xlGraviton2 64 Cores r6g.metal50100150200250SE +/- 0.00, N = 3SE +/- 0.67, N = 3SE +/- 0.33, N = 3262081171. (CC) gcc options: -fopenmp -O2 -ljpeg -lXext -lSM -lICE -lX11 -lxml2 -lz -lm -lpthread -lgomp

GraphicsMagick

Operation: HWB Color Space

OpenBenchmarking.orgIterations Per Minute, More Is BetterGraphicsMagick 1.3.43Operation: HWB Color SpaceGraviton1 16 Cores a1.metalGraviton4 96 Cores r8g.metal-24xlGraviton2 64 Cores r6g.metal70140210280350SE +/- 0.00, N = 3SE +/- 0.33, N = 3SE +/- 0.58, N = 3813012121. (CC) gcc options: -fopenmp -O2 -ljpeg -lXext -lSM -lICE -lX11 -lxml2 -lz -lm -lpthread -lgomp

C-Ray

Resolution: 4K - Rays Per Pixel: 16

OpenBenchmarking.orgSeconds, Fewer Is BetterC-Ray 2.0Resolution: 4K - Rays Per Pixel: 16Graviton1 16 Cores a1.metalGraviton4 96 Cores r8g.metal-24xlGraviton2 64 Cores r6g.metal120240360480600SE +/- 1.65, N = 3SE +/- 0.02, N = 3SE +/- 0.02, N = 3566.9518.9363.491. (CC) gcc options: -lpthread -lm

C-Ray

Resolution: 5K - Rays Per Pixel: 16

OpenBenchmarking.orgSeconds, Fewer Is BetterC-Ray 2.0Resolution: 5K - Rays Per Pixel: 16Graviton1 16 Cores a1.metalGraviton4 96 Cores r8g.metal-24xlGraviton2 64 Cores r6g.metal2004006008001000SE +/- 2.98, N = 3SE +/- 0.03, N = 3SE +/- 0.03, N = 31008.6933.68112.871. (CC) gcc options: -lpthread -lm

C-Ray

Resolution: 1080p - Rays Per Pixel: 16

OpenBenchmarking.orgSeconds, Fewer Is BetterC-Ray 2.0Resolution: 1080p - Rays Per Pixel: 16Graviton1 16 Cores a1.metalGraviton4 96 Cores r8g.metal-24xlGraviton2 64 Cores r6g.metal306090120150SE +/- 0.248, N = 3SE +/- 0.007, N = 3SE +/- 0.010, N = 3140.8224.89116.1811. (CC) gcc options: -lpthread -lm

libavif avifenc

Encoder Speed: 0

OpenBenchmarking.orgSeconds, Fewer Is Betterlibavif avifenc 1.0Encoder Speed: 0Graviton1 16 Cores a1.metalGraviton4 96 Cores r8g.metal-24xlGraviton2 64 Cores r6g.metal140280420560700SE +/- 3.02, N = 3SE +/- 0.01, N = 3SE +/- 0.17, N = 3668.50130.20251.331. (CXX) g++ options: -O3 -fPIC -lm

libavif avifenc

Encoder Speed: 2

OpenBenchmarking.orgSeconds, Fewer Is Betterlibavif avifenc 1.0Encoder Speed: 2Graviton1 16 Cores a1.metalGraviton4 96 Cores r8g.metal-24xlGraviton2 64 Cores r6g.metal80160240320400SE +/- 0.85, N = 3SE +/- 0.02, N = 3SE +/- 0.08, N = 3381.1180.24159.511. (CXX) g++ options: -O3 -fPIC -lm

libavif avifenc

Encoder Speed: 6

OpenBenchmarking.orgSeconds, Fewer Is Betterlibavif avifenc 1.0Encoder Speed: 6Graviton1 16 Cores a1.metalGraviton4 96 Cores r8g.metal-24xlGraviton2 64 Cores r6g.metal510152025SE +/- 0.032, N = 3SE +/- 0.014, N = 3SE +/- 0.018, N = 321.2882.7774.5961. (CXX) g++ options: -O3 -fPIC -lm

libavif avifenc

Encoder Speed: 6, Lossless

OpenBenchmarking.orgSeconds, Fewer Is Betterlibavif avifenc 1.0Encoder Speed: 6, LosslessGraviton1 16 Cores a1.metalGraviton4 96 Cores r8g.metal-24xlGraviton2 64 Cores r6g.metal714212835SE +/- 0.098, N = 3SE +/- 0.046, N = 3SE +/- 0.034, N = 328.2295.2378.9691. (CXX) g++ options: -O3 -fPIC -lm

Timed Godot Game Engine Compilation

Time To Compile

OpenBenchmarking.orgSeconds, Fewer Is BetterTimed Godot Game Engine Compilation 4.0Time To CompileGraviton1 16 Cores a1.metalGraviton4 96 Cores r8g.metal-24xlGraviton2 64 Cores r6g.metal400800120016002000SE +/- 0.31, N = 3SE +/- 1.14, N = 3SE +/- 0.92, N = 31674.47126.35266.14

Timed Node.js Compilation

Time To Compile

OpenBenchmarking.orgSeconds, Fewer Is BetterTimed Node.js Compilation 21.7.2Time To CompileGraviton1 16 Cores a1.metalGraviton4 96 Cores r8g.metal-24xlGraviton2 64 Cores r6g.metal10002000300040005000SE +/- 1.44, N = 3SE +/- 0.69, N = 3SE +/- 0.21, N = 34663.28289.27647.62

PyPerformance

Benchmark: pathlib

OpenBenchmarking.orgMilliseconds, Fewer Is BetterPyPerformance 1.11Benchmark: pathlibGraviton1 16 Cores a1.metalGraviton4 96 Cores r8g.metal-24xlGraviton2 64 Cores r6g.metal20406080100SE +/- 0.00, N = 3SE +/- 0.00, N = 3SE +/- 0.00, N = 3110.017.631.7

PyPerformance

Benchmark: xml_etree

OpenBenchmarking.orgMilliseconds, Fewer Is BetterPyPerformance 1.11Benchmark: xml_etreeGraviton1 16 Cores a1.metalGraviton4 96 Cores r8g.metal-24xlGraviton2 64 Cores r6g.metal50100150200250SE +/- 0.58, N = 3SE +/- 0.00, N = 3SE +/- 0.00, N = 3230.058.2100.0

Blender

Blend File: Fishy Cat - Compute: CPU-Only

OpenBenchmarking.orgSeconds, Fewer Is BetterBlender 4.0.2Blend File: Fishy Cat - Compute: CPU-OnlyGraviton1 16 Cores a1.metalGraviton4 96 Cores r8g.metal-24xlGraviton2 64 Cores r6g.metal2004006008001000SE +/- 0.38, N = 3SE +/- 0.26, N = 3SE +/- 0.35, N = 3952.4364.07146.68

PyPerformance

Benchmark: crypto_pyaes

OpenBenchmarking.orgMilliseconds, Fewer Is BetterPyPerformance 1.11Benchmark: crypto_pyaesGraviton1 16 Cores a1.metalGraviton4 96 Cores r8g.metal-24xlGraviton2 64 Cores r6g.metal50100150200250SE +/- 0.33, N = 3SE +/- 0.03, N = 3SE +/- 0.00, N = 3227.065.0110.0

Blender

Blend File: BMW27 - Compute: CPU-Only

OpenBenchmarking.orgSeconds, Fewer Is BetterBlender 4.0.2Blend File: BMW27 - Compute: CPU-OnlyGraviton1 16 Cores a1.metalGraviton4 96 Cores r8g.metal-24xlGraviton2 64 Cores r6g.metal130260390520650SE +/- 0.63, N = 3SE +/- 0.03, N = 3SE +/- 0.21, N = 3599.3933.7281.54

PyPerformance

Benchmark: json_loads

OpenBenchmarking.orgMilliseconds, Fewer Is BetterPyPerformance 1.11Benchmark: json_loadsGraviton1 16 Cores a1.metalGraviton4 96 Cores r8g.metal-24xlGraviton2 64 Cores r6g.metal1632486480SE +/- 0.10, N = 3SE +/- 0.00, N = 3SE +/- 0.00, N = 372.120.636.7

PyPerformance

Benchmark: regex_compile

OpenBenchmarking.orgMilliseconds, Fewer Is BetterPyPerformance 1.11Benchmark: regex_compileGraviton1 16 Cores a1.metalGraviton4 96 Cores r8g.metal-24xlGraviton2 64 Cores r6g.metal100200300400500SE +/- 0.33, N = 3SE +/- 0.00, N = 3SE +/- 0.00, N = 3455101178

PyPerformance

Benchmark: python_startup

OpenBenchmarking.orgMilliseconds, Fewer Is BetterPyPerformance 1.11Benchmark: python_startupGraviton1 16 Cores a1.metalGraviton4 96 Cores r8g.metal-24xlGraviton2 64 Cores r6g.metal612182430SE +/- 0.00, N = 3SE +/- 0.00, N = 3SE +/- 0.03, N = 325.907.5512.40

srsRAN Project

Test: PDSCH Processor Benchmark, Throughput Total

OpenBenchmarking.orgMbps, More Is BettersrsRAN Project 23.10.1-20240325Test: PDSCH Processor Benchmark, Throughput TotalGraviton1 16 Cores a1.metalGraviton4 96 Cores r8g.metal-24xlGraviton2 64 Cores r6g.metal5K10K15K20K25KSE +/- 10.32, N = 3SE +/- 15.31, N = 3SE +/- 88.68, N = 51307.322062.78295.61. (CXX) g++ options: -O3 -fno-trapping-math -fno-math-errno -ldl

srsRAN Project

Test: PUSCH Processor Benchmark, Throughput Total

OpenBenchmarking.orgMbps, More Is BettersrsRAN Project 23.10.1-20240325Test: PUSCH Processor Benchmark, Throughput TotalGraviton1 16 Cores a1.metalGraviton4 96 Cores r8g.metal-24xlGraviton2 64 Cores r6g.metal400800120016002000SE +/- 0.03, N = 3SE +/- 0.07, N = 3SE +/- 0.00, N = 3169.31961.7727.9MIN: 1132.6 / MAX: 1961.8MIN: 4161. (CXX) g++ options: -O3 -fno-trapping-math -fno-math-errno -ldl

srsRAN Project

Test: PDSCH Processor Benchmark, Throughput Thread

OpenBenchmarking.orgMbps, More Is BettersrsRAN Project 23.10.1-20240325Test: PDSCH Processor Benchmark, Throughput ThreadGraviton1 16 Cores a1.metalGraviton4 96 Cores r8g.metal-24xlGraviton2 64 Cores r6g.metal60120180240300SE +/- 0.21, N = 3SE +/- 3.00, N = 3SE +/- 0.07, N = 394.0278.7146.61. (CXX) g++ options: -O3 -fno-trapping-math -fno-math-errno -ldl

srsRAN Project

Test: PUSCH Processor Benchmark, Throughput Thread

OpenBenchmarking.orgMbps, More Is BettersrsRAN Project 23.10.1-20240325Test: PUSCH Processor Benchmark, Throughput ThreadGraviton1 16 Cores a1.metalGraviton4 96 Cores r8g.metal-24xlGraviton2 64 Cores r6g.metal1530456075SE +/- 0.23, N = 4SE +/- 0.00, N = 3SE +/- 0.00, N = 318.769.439.4MIN: 11.3 / MAX: 18.9MIN: 45.4MIN: 24.41. (CXX) g++ options: -O3 -fno-trapping-math -fno-math-errno -ldl

Speedb

Test: Random Read

OpenBenchmarking.orgOp/s, More Is BetterSpeedb 2.7Test: Random ReadGraviton1 16 Cores a1.metalGraviton4 96 Cores r8g.metal-24xlGraviton2 64 Cores r6g.metal140M280M420M560M700MSE +/- 174965.25, N = 15SE +/- 229391.69, N = 3SE +/- 445171.45, N = 3232866306409384711879966831. (CXX) g++ options: -O3 -march=native -pthread -fno-builtin-memcmp -fno-rtti

Speedb

Test: Update Random

OpenBenchmarking.orgOp/s, More Is BetterSpeedb 2.7Test: Update RandomGraviton1 16 Cores a1.metalGraviton4 96 Cores r8g.metal-24xlGraviton2 64 Cores r6g.metal160K320K480K640K800KSE +/- 302.33, N = 3SE +/- 3844.86, N = 3SE +/- 3440.64, N = 31281677293983635401. (CXX) g++ options: -O3 -march=native -pthread -fno-builtin-memcmp -fno-rtti

Speedb

Test: Read While Writing

OpenBenchmarking.orgOp/s, More Is BetterSpeedb 2.7Test: Read While WritingGraviton1 16 Cores a1.metalGraviton4 96 Cores r8g.metal-24xlGraviton2 64 Cores r6g.metal2M4M6M8M10MSE +/- 20302.77, N = 8SE +/- 87574.70, N = 15SE +/- 74542.67, N = 1524336411149091182297801. (CXX) g++ options: -O3 -march=native -pthread -fno-builtin-memcmp -fno-rtti

Speedb

Test: Read Random Write Random

OpenBenchmarking.orgOp/s, More Is BetterSpeedb 2.7Test: Read Random Write RandomGraviton1 16 Cores a1.metalGraviton4 96 Cores r8g.metal-24xlGraviton2 64 Cores r6g.metal1.1M2.2M3.3M4.4M5.5MSE +/- 214.78, N = 3SE +/- 4241.50, N = 3SE +/- 25580.42, N = 3552621534291127810371. (CXX) g++ options: -O3 -march=native -pthread -fno-builtin-memcmp -fno-rtti

RocksDB

Test: Random Read

OpenBenchmarking.orgOp/s, More Is BetterRocksDB 9.0Test: Random ReadGraviton1 16 Cores a1.metalGraviton4 96 Cores r8g.metal-24xlGraviton2 64 Cores r6g.metal110M220M330M440M550MSE +/- 12274.71, N = 3SE +/- 53499.62, N = 3SE +/- 1103933.53, N = 15232528215274585471652614991. (CXX) g++ options: -O3 -march=native -pthread -fno-builtin-memcmp -fno-rtti

Blender

Blend File: Classroom - Compute: CPU-Only

OpenBenchmarking.orgSeconds, Fewer Is BetterBlender 4.0.2Blend File: Classroom - Compute: CPU-OnlyGraviton1 16 Cores a1.metalGraviton4 96 Cores r8g.metal-24xlGraviton2 64 Cores r6g.metal30060090012001500SE +/- 0.28, N = 3SE +/- 0.03, N = 3SE +/- 0.35, N = 31289.6169.40166.70

PHPBench

PHP Benchmark Suite

OpenBenchmarking.orgScore, More Is BetterPHPBench 0.8.1PHP Benchmark SuiteGraviton1 16 Cores a1.metalGraviton4 96 Cores r8g.metal-24xlGraviton2 64 Cores r6g.metal200K400K600K800K1000KSE +/- 481.21, N = 3SE +/- 273.39, N = 3SE +/- 2661.11, N = 3234211829221444204

RocksDB

Test: Update Random

OpenBenchmarking.orgOp/s, More Is BetterRocksDB 9.0Test: Update RandomGraviton1 16 Cores a1.metalGraviton4 96 Cores r8g.metal-24xlGraviton2 64 Cores r6g.metal300K600K900K1200K1500KSE +/- 443.99, N = 3SE +/- 5313.65, N = 3SE +/- 4819.65, N = 1516461613274237283351. (CXX) g++ options: -O3 -march=native -pthread -fno-builtin-memcmp -fno-rtti

RocksDB

Test: Read While Writing

OpenBenchmarking.orgOp/s, More Is BetterRocksDB 9.0Test: Read While WritingGraviton1 16 Cores a1.metalGraviton4 96 Cores r8g.metal-24xlGraviton2 64 Cores r6g.metal2M4M6M8M10MSE +/- 16876.08, N = 3SE +/- 18723.10, N = 3SE +/- 57133.93, N = 1512686501156081961288991. (CXX) g++ options: -O3 -march=native -pthread -fno-builtin-memcmp -fno-rtti

RocksDB

Test: Read Random Write Random

OpenBenchmarking.orgOp/s, More Is BetterRocksDB 9.0Test: Read Random Write RandomGraviton1 16 Cores a1.metalGraviton4 96 Cores r8g.metal-24xlGraviton2 64 Cores r6g.metal1.5M3M4.5M6M7.5MSE +/- 4162.42, N = 3SE +/- 15765.85, N = 3SE +/- 5811.82, N = 3574458704710134210231. (CXX) g++ options: -O3 -march=native -pthread -fno-builtin-memcmp -fno-rtti

Apache Cassandra

Test: Writes

OpenBenchmarking.orgOp/s, More Is BetterApache Cassandra 4.1.3Test: WritesGraviton1 16 Cores a1.metalGraviton4 96 Cores r8g.metal-24xlGraviton2 64 Cores r6g.metal50K100K150K200K250KSE +/- 148.76, N = 3SE +/- 835.72, N = 3SE +/- 3287.69, N = 326348239658235842

PostgreSQL

Scaling Factor: 100 - Clients: 1000 - Mode: Read Only

OpenBenchmarking.orgTPS, More Is BetterPostgreSQL 16Scaling Factor: 100 - Clients: 1000 - Mode: Read OnlyGraviton1 16 Cores a1.metalGraviton4 96 Cores r8g.metal-24xlGraviton2 64 Cores r6g.metal600K1200K1800K2400K3000KSE +/- 107.42, N = 3SE +/- 15759.90, N = 3SE +/- 7623.84, N = 1010187028932649855091. (CC) gcc options: -fno-strict-aliasing -fwrapv -O2 -lpgcommon -lpgport -lpq -lm

PostgreSQL

Scaling Factor: 100 - Clients: 1000 - Mode: Read Only - Average Latency

OpenBenchmarking.orgms, Fewer Is BetterPostgreSQL 16Scaling Factor: 100 - Clients: 1000 - Mode: Read Only - Average LatencyGraviton1 16 Cores a1.metalGraviton4 96 Cores r8g.metal-24xlGraviton2 64 Cores r6g.metal3691215SE +/- 0.010, N = 3SE +/- 0.002, N = 3SE +/- 0.008, N = 109.8160.3461.0151. (CC) gcc options: -fno-strict-aliasing -fwrapv -O2 -lpgcommon -lpgport -lpq -lm

PostgreSQL

Scaling Factor: 100 - Clients: 1000 - Mode: Read Write

OpenBenchmarking.orgTPS, More Is BetterPostgreSQL 16Scaling Factor: 100 - Clients: 1000 - Mode: Read WriteGraviton1 16 Cores a1.metalGraviton4 96 Cores r8g.metal-24xlGraviton2 64 Cores r6g.metal10002000300040005000SE +/- 31.31, N = 3SE +/- 40.13, N = 3SE +/- 41.55, N = 34632430344141. (CC) gcc options: -fno-strict-aliasing -fwrapv -O2 -lpgcommon -lpgport -lpq -lm

PostgreSQL

Scaling Factor: 100 - Clients: 1000 - Mode: Read Write - Average Latency

OpenBenchmarking.orgms, Fewer Is BetterPostgreSQL 16Scaling Factor: 100 - Clients: 1000 - Mode: Read Write - Average LatencyGraviton1 16 Cores a1.metalGraviton4 96 Cores r8g.metal-24xlGraviton2 64 Cores r6g.metal50100150200250SE +/- 1.47, N = 3SE +/- 2.16, N = 3SE +/- 2.15, N = 3215.89232.43226.571. (CC) gcc options: -fno-strict-aliasing -fwrapv -O2 -lpgcommon -lpgport -lpq -lm

Phoronix Test Suite v10.8.5