EXT4 Encryption Linux 4.18 Git

Tests for a future article on Phoronix.

Compare your own system(s) to this result file with the Phoronix Test Suite by running the command: phoronix-test-suite benchmark 1806152-AR-EXT4ENCRY33
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  Test
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No Encryption
June 15 2018
  1 Hour, 50 Minutes
EXT4 fscrypt
June 15 2018
  2 Hours, 2 Minutes
eCryptfs
June 15 2018
  1 Hour, 48 Minutes
LUKS dm-crypt
June 15 2018
  1 Hour, 52 Minutes
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  1 Hour, 53 Minutes

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No Encryption

Compiler Notes: --build=x86_64-linux-gnu --disable-vtable-verify --disable-werror --enable-checking=release --enable-clocale=gnu --enable-default-pie --enable-gnu-unique-object --enable-languages=c,ada,c++,go,brig,d,fortran,objc,obj-c++ --enable-libmpx --enable-libstdcxx-debug --enable-libstdcxx-time=yes --enable-multiarch --enable-multilib --enable-nls --enable-objc-gc=auto --enable-offload-targets=nvptx-none --enable-plugin --enable-shared --enable-threads=posix --host=x86_64-linux-gnu --program-prefix=x86_64-linux-gnu- --target=x86_64-linux-gnu --with-abi=m64 --with-arch-32=i686 --with-as=/usr/bin/x86_64-linux-gnu-as --with-default-libstdcxx-abi=new --with-gcc-major-version-only --with-ld=/usr/bin/x86_64-linux-gnu-ld --with-multilib-list=m32,m64,mx32 --with-target-system-zlib --with-tune=generic --without-cuda-driver -v
Disk Notes: CFQ / relatime,rw
Processor Notes: Scaling Governor: intel_pstate powersave
Python Notes: Python 2.7.15rc1 + Python 3.6.5
Security Notes: KPTI + __user pointer sanitization + Full generic retpoline IBPB IBRS_FW Protection

EXT4 fscrypt

Processor: 2 x Intel Xeon Gold 6138 @ 3.70GHz (40 Cores / 80 Threads), Motherboard: TYAN S7106 (V1.00 BIOS), Chipset: Intel Sky Lake-E DMI3 Registers, Memory: 12 x 8192 MB DDR4-2666MT/s Micron 9ASF1G72PZ-2G6B1, Disk: 256GB Samsung SSD 850 + 2000GB Seagate ST2000DM006-2DM1 + 2 x 120GB TOSHIBA-TR150, Graphics: ASPEED ASPEED Family, Monitor: VE228, Network: Intel I210 Gigabit Connection

OS: Ubuntu 18.04, Kernel: 4.17.0-999-generic (x86_64) 20180614, Desktop: GNOME Shell 3.28.1, Compiler: GCC 7.3.0, File-System: ext4, Screen Resolution: 1920x1080

eCryptfs

OS: Ubuntu 18.04, Kernel: 4.17.0-999-generic (x86_64) 20180614, Desktop: GNOME Shell 3.28.1, Compiler: GCC 7.3.0, File-System: ext4 (ecryptfs), Screen Resolution: 1920x1080

LUKS dm-crypt

OS: Ubuntu 18.04, Kernel: 4.17.0-999-generic (x86_64) 20180614, Desktop: GNOME Shell 3.28.1, Compiler: GCC 7.3.0, File-System: ext4, Screen Resolution: 1920x1080

EXT4 Encryption Linux 4.18 GitOpenBenchmarking.orgPhoronix Test Suite2 x Intel Xeon Gold 6138 @ 3.70GHz (40 Cores / 80 Threads)TYAN S7106 (V1.00 BIOS)Intel Sky Lake-E DMI3 Registers12 x 8192 MB DDR4-2666MT/s Micron 9ASF1G72PZ-2G6B1256GB Samsung SSD 850 + 2000GB Seagate ST2000DM006-2DM1 + 2 x 120GB TOSHIBA-TR150ASPEED ASPEED FamilyVE228Intel I210 Gigabit ConnectionUbuntu 18.044.17.0-999-generic (x86_64) 20180614GNOME Shell 3.28.1GCC 7.3.0ext4ext4 (ecryptfs)1920x1080ProcessorMotherboardChipsetMemoryDiskGraphicsMonitorNetworkOSKernelDesktopCompilerFile-SystemsScreen ResolutionEXT4 Encryption Linux 4.18 Git BenchmarksSystem Logs- --build=x86_64-linux-gnu --disable-vtable-verify --disable-werror --enable-checking=release --enable-clocale=gnu --enable-default-pie --enable-gnu-unique-object --enable-languages=c,ada,c++,go,brig,d,fortran,objc,obj-c++ --enable-libmpx --enable-libstdcxx-debug --enable-libstdcxx-time=yes --enable-multiarch --enable-multilib --enable-nls --enable-objc-gc=auto --enable-offload-targets=nvptx-none --enable-plugin --enable-shared --enable-threads=posix --host=x86_64-linux-gnu --program-prefix=x86_64-linux-gnu- --target=x86_64-linux-gnu --with-abi=m64 --with-arch-32=i686 --with-as=/usr/bin/x86_64-linux-gnu-as --with-default-libstdcxx-abi=new --with-gcc-major-version-only --with-ld=/usr/bin/x86_64-linux-gnu-ld --with-multilib-list=m32,m64,mx32 --with-target-system-zlib --with-tune=generic --without-cuda-driver -v - CFQ / relatime,rw- Scaling Governor: intel_pstate powersave- Python 2.7.15rc1 + Python 3.6.5- KPTI + __user pointer sanitization + Full generic retpoline IBPB IBRS_FW Protection

No EncryptionEXT4 fscrypteCryptfsLUKS dm-cryptResult OverviewPhoronix Test Suite100%138%177%215%254%OSBenchCompile BenchPostgreSQL pgbenchFS-MarkTimed GCC CompilationNGINX BenchmarkSQLite

EXT4 Encryption Linux 4.18 Gitcompilebench: Initial Createfio: Rand Read - POSIX AIO - No - Yes - 4KB - Default Test Directoryfio: Rand Read - POSIX AIO - No - Yes - 4MB - Default Test Directoryfio: Rand Write - POSIX AIO - No - Yes - 4KB - Default Test Directoryfio: Rand Write - POSIX AIO - No - Yes - 4MB - Default Test Directoryfio: Seq Read - POSIX AIO - No - Yes - 4KB - Default Test Directoryfio: Seq Read - POSIX AIO - No - Yes - 4MB - Default Test Directoryfio: Seq Write - POSIX AIO - No - Yes - 4KB - Default Test Directoryfio: Seq Write - POSIX AIO - No - Yes - 4MB - Default Test Directoryfs-mark: 1000 Files, 1MB Sizefs-mark: 5000 Files, 1MB Size, 4 Threadsfs-mark: 4000 Files, 32 Sub Dirs, 1MB Sizenginx: Static Web Page Servingosbench: Create Filespgbench: Buffer Test - Normal Load - Read Writesqlite: Timed SQLite Insertionsbuild-gcc: Time To CompileNo EncryptionEXT4 fscrypteCryptfsLUKS dm-crypt505.6531.2350710847416950611647774.1050.9344.6029708.9315.602382.9940.90852.35355.0326.70428394.703301532444798.9333262.8747.7338.7029783.0623.812184.2546.071029.01201.4750.3348.1336.3025722.0239.581832.1842.71964.24509.8521.5331057.5726386.3031061.5030260.5049.3340.6729831.0215.822321.6245.50854.03OpenBenchmarking.org

Compile Bench

Compilebench tries to age a filesystem by simulating some of the disk IO common in creating, compiling, patching, stating and reading kernel trees. It indirectly measures how well filesystems can maintain directory locality as the disk fills up and directories age. This current test is setup to use the makej mode with 10 initial directories Learn more via the OpenBenchmarking.org test page.

OpenBenchmarking.orgMB/s, More Is BetterCompile Bench 0.6Test: Initial CreateeCryptfsNo EncryptionLUKS dm-cryptEXT4 fscrypt110220330440550SE +/- 0.53, N = 3SE +/- 6.00, N = 3SE +/- 5.44, N = 3SE +/- 7.52, N = 3201.47505.65509.85355.03
OpenBenchmarking.orgMB/s, More Is BetterCompile Bench 0.6Test: Initial CreateeCryptfsNo EncryptionLUKS dm-cryptEXT4 fscrypt90180270360450Min: 200.42 / Avg: 201.47 / Max: 202.14Min: 497.8 / Avg: 505.65 / Max: 517.44Min: 503.44 / Avg: 509.85 / Max: 520.67Min: 347.31 / Avg: 355.03 / Max: 370.06

MinAvgMaxeCryptfs0.01.02.5No Encryption0.00.92.5LUKS dm-crypt0.02.78.3EXT4 fscrypt0.01.02.5OpenBenchmarking.orgPercent, Fewer Is BetterCompile Bench 0.6CPU Usage (Summary) Monitor3691215

CPU Usage (Summary) Monitor

OpenBenchmarking.orgPercentCPU Usage (Summary) MonitorPhoronix Test Suite System MonitoringeCryptfsNo EncryptionLUKS dm-cryptEXT4 fscrypt20406080100Min: 0 / Avg: 7.16 / Max: 100Min: 0 / Avg: 6.21 / Max: 100Min: 0 / Avg: 6.17 / Max: 100Min: 0 / Avg: 8.72 / Max: 100

Flexible IO Tester

Fio is an advanced disk benchmark that depends upon the kernel's AIO access library. Learn more via the OpenBenchmarking.org test page.

OpenBenchmarking.orgMB/s, More Is BetterFlexible IO Tester 3.1Type: Random Read - IO Engine: POSIX AIO - Buffered: No - Direct: Yes - Block Size: 4KB - Disk Target: Default Test DirectoryNo EncryptionLUKS dm-cryptEXT4 fscrypt714212835SE +/- 0.34, N = 3SE +/- 0.37, N = 3SE +/- 0.00, N = 331.2321.5326.701. (CC) gcc options: -rdynamic -std=gnu99 -ffast-math -include -O3 -U_FORTIFY_SOURCE -ll -lrt -laio -lz -lm -lpthread -ldl
OpenBenchmarking.orgMB/s, More Is BetterFlexible IO Tester 3.1Type: Random Read - IO Engine: POSIX AIO - Buffered: No - Direct: Yes - Block Size: 4KB - Disk Target: Default Test DirectoryNo EncryptionLUKS dm-cryptEXT4 fscrypt714212835Min: 30.8 / Avg: 31.23 / Max: 31.9Min: 20.8 / Avg: 21.53 / Max: 21.9Min: 26.7 / Avg: 26.7 / Max: 26.71. (CC) gcc options: -rdynamic -std=gnu99 -ffast-math -include -O3 -U_FORTIFY_SOURCE -ll -lrt -laio -lz -lm -lpthread -ldl

MinAvgMaxeCryptfs0.00.76.2No Encryption0.00.56.7LUKS dm-crypt0.01.46.1EXT4 fscrypt0.00.56.3OpenBenchmarking.orgPercent, Fewer Is BetterFlexible IO Tester 3.1CPU Usage (Summary) Monitor3691215

OpenBenchmarking.orgMB/s, More Is BetterFlexible IO Tester 3.1Type: Random Read - IO Engine: POSIX AIO - Buffered: No - Direct: Yes - Block Size: 4MB - Disk Target: Default Test DirectoryNo EncryptionLUKS dm-cryptEXT4 fscrypt9001800270036004500SE +/- 0.33, N = 3SE +/- 52.26, N = 350731042831. (CC) gcc options: -rdynamic -std=gnu99 -ffast-math -include -O3 -U_FORTIFY_SOURCE -ll -lrt -laio -lz -lm -lpthread -ldl
OpenBenchmarking.orgMB/s, More Is BetterFlexible IO Tester 3.1Type: Random Read - IO Engine: POSIX AIO - Buffered: No - Direct: Yes - Block Size: 4MB - Disk Target: Default Test DirectoryNo EncryptionLUKS dm-cryptEXT4 fscrypt7001400210028003500Min: 507 / Avg: 507.33 / Max: 508Min: 4220 / Avg: 4283.33 / Max: 43871. (CC) gcc options: -rdynamic -std=gnu99 -ffast-math -include -O3 -U_FORTIFY_SOURCE -ll -lrt -laio -lz -lm -lpthread -ldl

MinAvgMaxeCryptfs0.00.86.3No Encryption0.00.10.5LUKS dm-crypt0.01.41.9EXT4 fscrypt0.01.01.5OpenBenchmarking.orgPercent, Fewer Is BetterFlexible IO Tester 3.1CPU Usage (Summary) Monitor3691215

OpenBenchmarking.orgMB/s, More Is BetterFlexible IO Tester 3.1Type: Random Write - IO Engine: POSIX AIO - Buffered: No - Direct: Yes - Block Size: 4KB - Disk Target: Default Test DirectoryNo EncryptionLUKS dm-cryptEXT4 fscrypt20406080100SE +/- 2.00, N = 3SE +/- 1.82, N = 3SE +/- 4.82, N = 3108.0057.5794.701. (CC) gcc options: -rdynamic -std=gnu99 -ffast-math -include -O3 -U_FORTIFY_SOURCE -ll -lrt -laio -lz -lm -lpthread -ldl
OpenBenchmarking.orgMB/s, More Is BetterFlexible IO Tester 3.1Type: Random Write - IO Engine: POSIX AIO - Buffered: No - Direct: Yes - Block Size: 4KB - Disk Target: Default Test DirectoryNo EncryptionLUKS dm-cryptEXT4 fscrypt20406080100Min: 106 / Avg: 108 / Max: 112Min: 55.7 / Avg: 57.57 / Max: 61.2Min: 86.3 / Avg: 94.7 / Max: 1031. (CC) gcc options: -rdynamic -std=gnu99 -ffast-math -include -O3 -U_FORTIFY_SOURCE -ll -lrt -laio -lz -lm -lpthread -ldl

OpenBenchmarking.orgIOPS, More Is BetterFlexible IO Tester 3.1Type: Random Write - IO Engine: POSIX AIO - Buffered: No - Direct: Yes - Block Size: 4KB - Disk Target: Default Test DirectoryNo EncryptionLUKS dm-cryptEXT4 fscrypt6K12K18K24K30KSE +/- 450.92, N = 3SE +/- 484.19, N = 3SE +/- 1270.17, N = 32770014733243001. (CC) gcc options: -rdynamic -std=gnu99 -ffast-math -include -O3 -U_FORTIFY_SOURCE -ll -lrt -laio -lz -lm -lpthread -ldl
OpenBenchmarking.orgIOPS, More Is BetterFlexible IO Tester 3.1Type: Random Write - IO Engine: POSIX AIO - Buffered: No - Direct: Yes - Block Size: 4KB - Disk Target: Default Test DirectoryNo EncryptionLUKS dm-cryptEXT4 fscrypt5K10K15K20K25KMin: 27200 / Avg: 27700 / Max: 28600Min: 14200 / Avg: 14733.33 / Max: 15700Min: 22100 / Avg: 24300 / Max: 265001. (CC) gcc options: -rdynamic -std=gnu99 -ffast-math -include -O3 -U_FORTIFY_SOURCE -ll -lrt -laio -lz -lm -lpthread -ldl

MinAvgMaxeCryptfs0.00.00.1No Encryption0.00.71.4LUKS dm-crypt0.00.92.4EXT4 fscrypt0.01.02.5OpenBenchmarking.orgPercent, Fewer Is BetterFlexible IO Tester 3.1CPU Usage (Summary) Monitor1.3812.7624.1435.5246.905

OpenBenchmarking.orgMB/s, More Is BetterFlexible IO Tester 3.1Type: Random Write - IO Engine: POSIX AIO - Buffered: No - Direct: Yes - Block Size: 4MB - Disk Target: Default Test DirectoryNo EncryptionLUKS dm-cryptEXT4 fscrypt100200300400500SE +/- 3.18, N = 3SE +/- 20.07, N = 3SE +/- 8.17, N = 34742633301. (CC) gcc options: -rdynamic -std=gnu99 -ffast-math -include -O3 -U_FORTIFY_SOURCE -ll -lrt -laio -lz -lm -lpthread -ldl
OpenBenchmarking.orgMB/s, More Is BetterFlexible IO Tester 3.1Type: Random Write - IO Engine: POSIX AIO - Buffered: No - Direct: Yes - Block Size: 4MB - Disk Target: Default Test DirectoryNo EncryptionLUKS dm-cryptEXT4 fscrypt80160240320400Min: 468 / Avg: 474.33 / Max: 478Min: 240 / Avg: 263 / Max: 303Min: 314 / Avg: 330.33 / Max: 3391. (CC) gcc options: -rdynamic -std=gnu99 -ffast-math -include -O3 -U_FORTIFY_SOURCE -ll -lrt -laio -lz -lm -lpthread -ldl

MinAvgMaxeCryptfs0.00.10.7No Encryption0.00.71.5LUKS dm-crypt0.01.05.7EXT4 fscrypt0.01.16.4OpenBenchmarking.orgPercent, Fewer Is BetterFlexible IO Tester 3.1CPU Usage (Summary) Monitor3691215

OpenBenchmarking.orgMB/s, More Is BetterFlexible IO Tester 3.1Type: Sequential Read - IO Engine: POSIX AIO - Buffered: No - Direct: Yes - Block Size: 4KB - Disk Target: Default Test DirectoryNo EncryptionLUKS dm-cryptEXT4 fscrypt30060090012001500SE +/- 0.88, N = 3SE +/- 0.10, N = 3SE +/- 25.70, N = 3169.0086.301532.001. (CC) gcc options: -rdynamic -std=gnu99 -ffast-math -include -O3 -U_FORTIFY_SOURCE -ll -lrt -laio -lz -lm -lpthread -ldl
OpenBenchmarking.orgMB/s, More Is BetterFlexible IO Tester 3.1Type: Sequential Read - IO Engine: POSIX AIO - Buffered: No - Direct: Yes - Block Size: 4KB - Disk Target: Default Test DirectoryNo EncryptionLUKS dm-cryptEXT4 fscrypt30060090012001500Min: 168 / Avg: 169.33 / Max: 171Min: 86.2 / Avg: 86.3 / Max: 86.5Min: 1501 / Avg: 1532 / Max: 15831. (CC) gcc options: -rdynamic -std=gnu99 -ffast-math -include -O3 -U_FORTIFY_SOURCE -ll -lrt -laio -lz -lm -lpthread -ldl

OpenBenchmarking.orgIOPS, More Is BetterFlexible IO Tester 3.1Type: Sequential Read - IO Engine: POSIX AIO - Buffered: No - Direct: Yes - Block Size: 4KB - Disk Target: Default Test DirectoryNo EncryptionLUKS dm-cryptEXT4 fscrypt80K160K240K320K400KSE +/- 288.68, N = 3SE +/- 6557.44, N = 343400221003920001. (CC) gcc options: -rdynamic -std=gnu99 -ffast-math -include -O3 -U_FORTIFY_SOURCE -ll -lrt -laio -lz -lm -lpthread -ldl
OpenBenchmarking.orgIOPS, More Is BetterFlexible IO Tester 3.1Type: Sequential Read - IO Engine: POSIX AIO - Buffered: No - Direct: Yes - Block Size: 4KB - Disk Target: Default Test DirectoryNo EncryptionLUKS dm-cryptEXT4 fscrypt70K140K210K280K350KMin: 42900 / Avg: 43400 / Max: 43900Min: 384000 / Avg: 392000 / Max: 4050001. (CC) gcc options: -rdynamic -std=gnu99 -ffast-math -include -O3 -U_FORTIFY_SOURCE -ll -lrt -laio -lz -lm -lpthread -ldl

MinAvgMaxeCryptfs0.00.65.1No Encryption0.00.81.4LUKS dm-crypt0.01.11.5EXT4 fscrypt0.01.62.4OpenBenchmarking.orgPercent, Fewer Is BetterFlexible IO Tester 3.1CPU Usage (Summary) Monitor1.773.545.317.088.85

OpenBenchmarking.orgMB/s, More Is BetterFlexible IO Tester 3.1Type: Sequential Read - IO Engine: POSIX AIO - Buffered: No - Direct: Yes - Block Size: 4MB - Disk Target: Default Test DirectoryNo EncryptionLUKS dm-cryptEXT4 fscrypt10002000300040005000SE +/- 10.49, N = 350631044471. (CC) gcc options: -rdynamic -std=gnu99 -ffast-math -include -O3 -U_FORTIFY_SOURCE -ll -lrt -laio -lz -lm -lpthread -ldl
OpenBenchmarking.orgMB/s, More Is BetterFlexible IO Tester 3.1Type: Sequential Read - IO Engine: POSIX AIO - Buffered: No - Direct: Yes - Block Size: 4MB - Disk Target: Default Test DirectoryNo EncryptionLUKS dm-cryptEXT4 fscrypt8001600240032004000Min: 4427 / Avg: 4447.33 / Max: 44621. (CC) gcc options: -rdynamic -std=gnu99 -ffast-math -include -O3 -U_FORTIFY_SOURCE -ll -lrt -laio -lz -lm -lpthread -ldl

MinAvgMaxeCryptfs0.00.86.4No Encryption0.00.10.4LUKS dm-crypt0.01.65.8EXT4 fscrypt0.01.26.0OpenBenchmarking.orgPercent, Fewer Is BetterFlexible IO Tester 3.1CPU Usage (Summary) Monitor3691215

OpenBenchmarking.orgMB/s, More Is BetterFlexible IO Tester 3.1Type: Sequential Write - IO Engine: POSIX AIO - Buffered: No - Direct: Yes - Block Size: 4KB - Disk Target: Default Test DirectoryNo EncryptionLUKS dm-cryptEXT4 fscrypt306090120150SE +/- 4.26, N = 3SE +/- 0.85, N = 3SE +/- 3.58, N = 3116.0061.5098.931. (CC) gcc options: -rdynamic -std=gnu99 -ffast-math -include -O3 -U_FORTIFY_SOURCE -ll -lrt -laio -lz -lm -lpthread -ldl
OpenBenchmarking.orgMB/s, More Is BetterFlexible IO Tester 3.1Type: Sequential Write - IO Engine: POSIX AIO - Buffered: No - Direct: Yes - Block Size: 4KB - Disk Target: Default Test DirectoryNo EncryptionLUKS dm-cryptEXT4 fscrypt20406080100Min: 110 / Avg: 115.67 / Max: 124Min: 60.5 / Avg: 61.5 / Max: 63.2Min: 91.8 / Avg: 98.93 / Max: 1031. (CC) gcc options: -rdynamic -std=gnu99 -ffast-math -include -O3 -U_FORTIFY_SOURCE -ll -lrt -laio -lz -lm -lpthread -ldl

OpenBenchmarking.orgIOPS, More Is BetterFlexible IO Tester 3.1Type: Sequential Write - IO Engine: POSIX AIO - Buffered: No - Direct: Yes - Block Size: 4KB - Disk Target: Default Test DirectoryNo EncryptionLUKS dm-cryptEXT4 fscrypt6K12K18K24K30KSE +/- 1091.38, N = 3SE +/- 218.58, N = 3SE +/- 953.94, N = 32966715767254001. (CC) gcc options: -rdynamic -std=gnu99 -ffast-math -include -O3 -U_FORTIFY_SOURCE -ll -lrt -laio -lz -lm -lpthread -ldl
OpenBenchmarking.orgIOPS, More Is BetterFlexible IO Tester 3.1Type: Sequential Write - IO Engine: POSIX AIO - Buffered: No - Direct: Yes - Block Size: 4KB - Disk Target: Default Test DirectoryNo EncryptionLUKS dm-cryptEXT4 fscrypt5K10K15K20K25KMin: 28200 / Avg: 29666.67 / Max: 31800Min: 15500 / Avg: 15766.67 / Max: 16200Min: 23500 / Avg: 25400 / Max: 265001. (CC) gcc options: -rdynamic -std=gnu99 -ffast-math -include -O3 -U_FORTIFY_SOURCE -ll -lrt -laio -lz -lm -lpthread -ldl

MinAvgMaxeCryptfs0.00.00.2No Encryption0.00.71.4LUKS dm-crypt0.00.84.0EXT4 fscrypt0.01.05.0OpenBenchmarking.orgPercent, Fewer Is BetterFlexible IO Tester 3.1CPU Usage (Summary) Monitor1.743.485.226.968.7

OpenBenchmarking.orgMB/s, More Is BetterFlexible IO Tester 3.1Type: Sequential Write - IO Engine: POSIX AIO - Buffered: No - Direct: Yes - Block Size: 4MB - Disk Target: Default Test DirectoryNo EncryptionLUKS dm-cryptEXT4 fscrypt100200300400500SE +/- 4.51, N = 34773023321. (CC) gcc options: -rdynamic -std=gnu99 -ffast-math -include -O3 -U_FORTIFY_SOURCE -ll -lrt -laio -lz -lm -lpthread -ldl
OpenBenchmarking.orgMB/s, More Is BetterFlexible IO Tester 3.1Type: Sequential Write - IO Engine: POSIX AIO - Buffered: No - Direct: Yes - Block Size: 4MB - Disk Target: Default Test DirectoryNo EncryptionLUKS dm-cryptEXT4 fscrypt80160240320400Min: 323 / Avg: 332 / Max: 3371. (CC) gcc options: -rdynamic -std=gnu99 -ffast-math -include -O3 -U_FORTIFY_SOURCE -ll -lrt -laio -lz -lm -lpthread -ldl

MinAvgMaxeCryptfs0.00.00.3No Encryption0.00.96.3LUKS dm-crypt0.00.91.2EXT4 fscrypt0.01.06.1OpenBenchmarking.orgPercent, Fewer Is BetterFlexible IO Tester 3.1CPU Usage (Summary) Monitor3691215

FS-Mark

FS_Mark is designed to test a system's file-system performance. Learn more via the OpenBenchmarking.org test page.

OpenBenchmarking.orgFiles/s, More Is BetterFS-Mark 3.3Test: 1000 Files, 1MB SizeeCryptfsNo EncryptionLUKS dm-cryptEXT4 fscrypt1632486480SE +/- 13.28, N = 3SE +/- 23.48, N = 3SE +/- 17.26, N = 3SE +/- 22.67, N = 350.3374.1060.5062.871. (CC) gcc options: -static
OpenBenchmarking.orgFiles/s, More Is BetterFS-Mark 3.3Test: 1000 Files, 1MB SizeeCryptfsNo EncryptionLUKS dm-cryptEXT4 fscrypt1428425670Min: 35.2 / Avg: 50.33 / Max: 76.8Min: 45.8 / Avg: 74.1 / Max: 120.7Min: 40.9 / Avg: 60.5 / Max: 94.9Min: 34.1 / Avg: 62.87 / Max: 107.61. (CC) gcc options: -static

MinAvgMaxeCryptfs0.00.91.3No Encryption0.00.81.3LUKS dm-crypt0.00.91.3EXT4 fscrypt0.00.81.3OpenBenchmarking.orgPercent, Fewer Is BetterFS-Mark 3.3CPU Usage (Summary) Monitor0.6991.3982.0972.7963.495

OpenBenchmarking.orgFiles/s, More Is BetterFS-Mark 3.3Test: 5000 Files, 1MB Size, 4 ThreadseCryptfsNo EncryptionLUKS dm-cryptEXT4 fscrypt1122334455SE +/- 0.58, N = 3SE +/- 0.74, N = 3SE +/- 0.74, N = 3SE +/- 1.96, N = 348.1350.9349.3347.731. (CC) gcc options: -static
OpenBenchmarking.orgFiles/s, More Is BetterFS-Mark 3.3Test: 5000 Files, 1MB Size, 4 ThreadseCryptfsNo EncryptionLUKS dm-cryptEXT4 fscrypt1020304050Min: 47.2 / Avg: 48.13 / Max: 49.2Min: 50 / Avg: 50.93 / Max: 52.4Min: 48.4 / Avg: 49.33 / Max: 50.8Min: 44.4 / Avg: 47.73 / Max: 51.21. (CC) gcc options: -static

MinAvgMaxeCryptfs0.01.75.0No Encryption0.01.32.4LUKS dm-crypt0.01.55.0EXT4 fscrypt0.01.45.0OpenBenchmarking.orgPercent, Fewer Is BetterFS-Mark 3.3CPU Usage (Summary) Monitor1.753.55.2578.75

OpenBenchmarking.orgFiles/s, More Is BetterFS-Mark 3.3Test: 4000 Files, 32 Sub Dirs, 1MB SizeeCryptfsNo EncryptionLUKS dm-cryptEXT4 fscrypt1020304050SE +/- 1.90, N = 3SE +/- 3.15, N = 3SE +/- 2.57, N = 3SE +/- 6.90, N = 336.3044.6040.6738.701. (CC) gcc options: -static
OpenBenchmarking.orgFiles/s, More Is BetterFS-Mark 3.3Test: 4000 Files, 32 Sub Dirs, 1MB SizeeCryptfsNo EncryptionLUKS dm-cryptEXT4 fscrypt918273645Min: 34.4 / Avg: 36.3 / Max: 40.1Min: 41.3 / Avg: 44.6 / Max: 50.9Min: 38.1 / Avg: 40.67 / Max: 45.8Min: 25.1 / Avg: 38.7 / Max: 47.51. (CC) gcc options: -static

MinAvgMaxeCryptfs0.01.01.3No Encryption0.00.91.5LUKS dm-crypt0.01.21.4EXT4 fscrypt0.01.01.3OpenBenchmarking.orgPercent, Fewer Is BetterFS-Mark 3.3CPU Usage (Summary) Monitor0.75521.51042.26563.02083.776

NGINX Benchmark

This is a test of ab, which is the Apache Benchmark program running against nginx. This test profile measures how many requests per second a given system can sustain when carrying out 2,000,000 requests with 500 requests being carried out concurrently. Learn more via the OpenBenchmarking.org test page.

OpenBenchmarking.orgRequests Per Second, More Is BetterNGINX Benchmark 1.9.9Static Web Page ServingeCryptfsNo EncryptionLUKS dm-cryptEXT4 fscrypt6K12K18K24K30KSE +/- 111.01, N = 3SE +/- 137.57, N = 3SE +/- 78.30, N = 325722.0229708.9329831.0229783.061. (CC) gcc options: -lpthread -lcrypt -lcrypto -lz -O3 -march=native
OpenBenchmarking.orgRequests Per Second, More Is BetterNGINX Benchmark 1.9.9Static Web Page ServingeCryptfsNo EncryptionLUKS dm-cryptEXT4 fscrypt5K10K15K20K25KMin: 29512 / Avg: 29708.93 / Max: 29896.18Min: 29556.02 / Avg: 29831.02 / Max: 29975.98Min: 29645.51 / Avg: 29783.06 / Max: 29916.681. (CC) gcc options: -lpthread -lcrypt -lcrypto -lz -O3 -march=native

MinAvgMaxeCryptfs0.02.22.6No Encryption0.02.33.6LUKS dm-crypt0.02.32.8EXT4 fscrypt0.02.22.6OpenBenchmarking.orgPercent, Fewer Is BetterNGINX Benchmark 1.9.9CPU Usage (Summary) Monitor1.01812.03623.05434.07245.0905

OSBench

OSBench is a collection of micro-benchmarks for measuring operating system primitives like time to create threads/processes, launching programs, creating files, and memory allocation. Learn more via the OpenBenchmarking.org test page.

OpenBenchmarking.orgus Per Event, Fewer Is BetterOSBenchTest: Create FileseCryptfsNo EncryptionLUKS dm-cryptEXT4 fscrypt918273645SE +/- 0.08, N = 3SE +/- 0.03, N = 3SE +/- 0.02, N = 3SE +/- 0.07, N = 339.5815.6015.8223.81-lm-lm-lm1. (CC) gcc options:
OpenBenchmarking.orgus Per Event, Fewer Is BetterOSBenchTest: Create FileseCryptfsNo EncryptionLUKS dm-cryptEXT4 fscrypt816243240Min: 39.46 / Avg: 39.58 / Max: 39.73Min: 15.55 / Avg: 15.6 / Max: 15.64Min: 15.78 / Avg: 15.82 / Max: 15.86Min: 23.7 / Avg: 23.81 / Max: 23.941. (CC) gcc options:

MinAvgMaxeCryptfs0.11.01.4No Encryption0.01.01.4LUKS dm-crypt0.01.21.8EXT4 fscrypt0.01.21.4OpenBenchmarking.orgPercent, Fewer Is BetterOSBenchCPU Usage (Summary) Monitor1.01192.02383.03574.04765.0595

PostgreSQL pgbench

This is a simple benchmark of PostgreSQL using pgbench. Learn more via the OpenBenchmarking.org test page.

OpenBenchmarking.orgTPS, More Is BetterPostgreSQL pgbench 10.3Scaling: Buffer Test - Test: Normal Load - Mode: Read WriteeCryptfsNo EncryptionLUKS dm-cryptEXT4 fscrypt5001000150020002500SE +/- 70.33, N = 3SE +/- 74.56, N = 3SE +/- 189.21, N = 3SE +/- 77.82, N = 31832.182382.992321.622184.251. (CC) gcc options: -fno-strict-aliasing -fwrapv -O2 -lpgcommon -lpgport -lpq -lpthread -lrt -lcrypt -ldl -lm
OpenBenchmarking.orgTPS, More Is BetterPostgreSQL pgbench 10.3Scaling: Buffer Test - Test: Normal Load - Mode: Read WriteeCryptfsNo EncryptionLUKS dm-cryptEXT4 fscrypt400800120016002000Min: 1756.11 / Avg: 1832.18 / Max: 1972.69Min: 2269.59 / Avg: 2382.99 / Max: 2523.56Min: 2125.41 / Avg: 2321.62 / Max: 2699.95Min: 2044.3 / Avg: 2184.25 / Max: 2313.191. (CC) gcc options: -fno-strict-aliasing -fwrapv -O2 -lpgcommon -lpgport -lpq -lpthread -lrt -lcrypt -ldl -lm

MinAvgMaxeCryptfs0.02.420.4No Encryption0.02.821.3LUKS dm-crypt0.03.318.5EXT4 fscrypt0.03.118.4OpenBenchmarking.orgPercent, Fewer Is BetterPostgreSQL pgbench 10.3CPU Usage (Summary) Monitor612182430

MinAvgMaxEXT4 fscrypt0.01.63.8OpenBenchmarking.orgPercent, Fewer Is BetterPostgreSQL pgbench 10.3CPU Usage (Summary) Monitor1.06032.12063.18094.24125.3015

SQLite

This is a simple benchmark of SQLite. At present this test profile just measures the time to perform a pre-defined number of insertions on an indexed database. Learn more via the OpenBenchmarking.org test page.

OpenBenchmarking.orgSeconds, Fewer Is BetterSQLite 3.22Timed SQLite InsertionseCryptfsNo EncryptionLUKS dm-cryptEXT4 fscrypt1020304050SE +/- 1.86, N = 3SE +/- 1.86, N = 3SE +/- 1.92, N = 3SE +/- 5.24, N = 342.7140.9045.5046.071. (CC) gcc options: -O2 -lz -ldl -lpthread
OpenBenchmarking.orgSeconds, Fewer Is BetterSQLite 3.22Timed SQLite InsertionseCryptfsNo EncryptionLUKS dm-cryptEXT4 fscrypt918273645Min: 39.08 / Avg: 42.71 / Max: 45.21Min: 37.38 / Avg: 40.9 / Max: 43.72Min: 41.91 / Avg: 45.5 / Max: 48.49Min: 38.03 / Avg: 46.07 / Max: 55.921. (CC) gcc options: -O2 -lz -ldl -lpthread

MinAvgMaxeCryptfs0.00.51.3No Encryption0.00.41.3LUKS dm-crypt0.00.51.3EXT4 fscrypt0.00.51.3OpenBenchmarking.orgPercent, Fewer Is BetterSQLite 3.22CPU Usage (Summary) Monitor0.69051.3812.07152.7623.4525

Timed GCC Compilation

OpenBenchmarking.orgSeconds, Fewer Is BetterTimed GCC Compilation 7.2Time To CompileeCryptfsNo EncryptionLUKS dm-cryptEXT4 fscrypt2004006008001000SE +/- 1.72, N = 3SE +/- 3.59, N = 3SE +/- 1.86, N = 3SE +/- 1.49, N = 3964.24852.35854.031029.01
OpenBenchmarking.orgSeconds, Fewer Is BetterTimed GCC Compilation 7.2Time To CompileeCryptfsNo EncryptionLUKS dm-cryptEXT4 fscrypt2004006008001000Min: 961.68 / Avg: 964.24 / Max: 967.51Min: 846.77 / Avg: 852.35 / Max: 859.05Min: 851.87 / Avg: 854.03 / Max: 857.73Min: 1027.25 / Avg: 1029.01 / Max: 1031.96

MinAvgMaxeCryptfs0.014.8100.0No Encryption0.013.3100.0LUKS dm-crypt0.013.1100.0EXT4 fscrypt0.019.4100.0OpenBenchmarking.orgPercent, Fewer Is BetterTimed GCC Compilation 7.2CPU Usage (Summary) Monitor20406080100

No Encryption

Compiler Notes: --build=x86_64-linux-gnu --disable-vtable-verify --disable-werror --enable-checking=release --enable-clocale=gnu --enable-default-pie --enable-gnu-unique-object --enable-languages=c,ada,c++,go,brig,d,fortran,objc,obj-c++ --enable-libmpx --enable-libstdcxx-debug --enable-libstdcxx-time=yes --enable-multiarch --enable-multilib --enable-nls --enable-objc-gc=auto --enable-offload-targets=nvptx-none --enable-plugin --enable-shared --enable-threads=posix --host=x86_64-linux-gnu --program-prefix=x86_64-linux-gnu- --target=x86_64-linux-gnu --with-abi=m64 --with-arch-32=i686 --with-as=/usr/bin/x86_64-linux-gnu-as --with-default-libstdcxx-abi=new --with-gcc-major-version-only --with-ld=/usr/bin/x86_64-linux-gnu-ld --with-multilib-list=m32,m64,mx32 --with-target-system-zlib --with-tune=generic --without-cuda-driver -v
Disk Notes: CFQ / relatime,rw
Processor Notes: Scaling Governor: intel_pstate powersave
Python Notes: Python 2.7.15rc1 + Python 3.6.5
Security Notes: KPTI + __user pointer sanitization + Full generic retpoline IBPB IBRS_FW Protection

Testing initiated at 15 June 2018 10:14 by user root.

EXT4 fscrypt

Processor: 2 x Intel Xeon Gold 6138 @ 3.70GHz (40 Cores / 80 Threads), Motherboard: TYAN S7106 (V1.00 BIOS), Chipset: Intel Sky Lake-E DMI3 Registers, Memory: 12 x 8192 MB DDR4-2666MT/s Micron 9ASF1G72PZ-2G6B1, Disk: 256GB Samsung SSD 850 + 2000GB Seagate ST2000DM006-2DM1 + 2 x 120GB TOSHIBA-TR150, Graphics: ASPEED ASPEED Family, Monitor: VE228, Network: Intel I210 Gigabit Connection

OS: Ubuntu 18.04, Kernel: 4.17.0-999-generic (x86_64) 20180614, Desktop: GNOME Shell 3.28.1, Compiler: GCC 7.3.0, File-System: ext4, Screen Resolution: 1920x1080

Compiler Notes: --build=x86_64-linux-gnu --disable-vtable-verify --disable-werror --enable-checking=release --enable-clocale=gnu --enable-default-pie --enable-gnu-unique-object --enable-languages=c,ada,c++,go,brig,d,fortran,objc,obj-c++ --enable-libmpx --enable-libstdcxx-debug --enable-libstdcxx-time=yes --enable-multiarch --enable-multilib --enable-nls --enable-objc-gc=auto --enable-offload-targets=nvptx-none --enable-plugin --enable-shared --enable-threads=posix --host=x86_64-linux-gnu --program-prefix=x86_64-linux-gnu- --target=x86_64-linux-gnu --with-abi=m64 --with-arch-32=i686 --with-as=/usr/bin/x86_64-linux-gnu-as --with-default-libstdcxx-abi=new --with-gcc-major-version-only --with-ld=/usr/bin/x86_64-linux-gnu-ld --with-multilib-list=m32,m64,mx32 --with-target-system-zlib --with-tune=generic --without-cuda-driver -v
Disk Notes: CFQ / relatime,rw
Processor Notes: Scaling Governor: intel_pstate powersave
Python Notes: Python 2.7.15rc1 + Python 3.6.5
Security Notes: KPTI + __user pointer sanitization + Full generic retpoline IBPB IBRS_FW Protection

Testing initiated at 15 June 2018 07:46 by user root.

eCryptfs

Processor: 2 x Intel Xeon Gold 6138 @ 3.70GHz (40 Cores / 80 Threads), Motherboard: TYAN S7106 (V1.00 BIOS), Chipset: Intel Sky Lake-E DMI3 Registers, Memory: 12 x 8192 MB DDR4-2666MT/s Micron 9ASF1G72PZ-2G6B1, Disk: 256GB Samsung SSD 850 + 2000GB Seagate ST2000DM006-2DM1 + 2 x 120GB TOSHIBA-TR150, Graphics: ASPEED ASPEED Family, Monitor: VE228, Network: Intel I210 Gigabit Connection

OS: Ubuntu 18.04, Kernel: 4.17.0-999-generic (x86_64) 20180614, Desktop: GNOME Shell 3.28.1, Compiler: GCC 7.3.0, File-System: ext4 (ecryptfs), Screen Resolution: 1920x1080

Compiler Notes: --build=x86_64-linux-gnu --disable-vtable-verify --disable-werror --enable-checking=release --enable-clocale=gnu --enable-default-pie --enable-gnu-unique-object --enable-languages=c,ada,c++,go,brig,d,fortran,objc,obj-c++ --enable-libmpx --enable-libstdcxx-debug --enable-libstdcxx-time=yes --enable-multiarch --enable-multilib --enable-nls --enable-objc-gc=auto --enable-offload-targets=nvptx-none --enable-plugin --enable-shared --enable-threads=posix --host=x86_64-linux-gnu --program-prefix=x86_64-linux-gnu- --target=x86_64-linux-gnu --with-abi=m64 --with-arch-32=i686 --with-as=/usr/bin/x86_64-linux-gnu-as --with-default-libstdcxx-abi=new --with-gcc-major-version-only --with-ld=/usr/bin/x86_64-linux-gnu-ld --with-multilib-list=m32,m64,mx32 --with-target-system-zlib --with-tune=generic --without-cuda-driver -v
Disk Notes: CFQ / relatime,rw
Processor Notes: Scaling Governor: intel_pstate powersave
Python Notes: Python 2.7.15rc1 + Python 3.6.5
Security Notes: KPTI + __user pointer sanitization + Full generic retpoline IBPB IBRS_FW Protection

Testing initiated at 15 June 2018 13:49 by user root.

LUKS dm-crypt

Processor: 2 x Intel Xeon Gold 6138 @ 3.70GHz (40 Cores / 80 Threads), Motherboard: TYAN S7106 (V1.00 BIOS), Chipset: Intel Sky Lake-E DMI3 Registers, Memory: 12 x 8192 MB DDR4-2666MT/s Micron 9ASF1G72PZ-2G6B1, Disk: 256GB Samsung SSD 850 + 2000GB Seagate ST2000DM006-2DM1 + 2 x 120GB TOSHIBA-TR150, Graphics: ASPEED ASPEED Family, Monitor: VE228, Network: Intel I210 Gigabit Connection

OS: Ubuntu 18.04, Kernel: 4.17.0-999-generic (x86_64) 20180614, Desktop: GNOME Shell 3.28.1, Compiler: GCC 7.3.0, File-System: ext4, Screen Resolution: 1920x1080

Compiler Notes: --build=x86_64-linux-gnu --disable-vtable-verify --disable-werror --enable-checking=release --enable-clocale=gnu --enable-default-pie --enable-gnu-unique-object --enable-languages=c,ada,c++,go,brig,d,fortran,objc,obj-c++ --enable-libmpx --enable-libstdcxx-debug --enable-libstdcxx-time=yes --enable-multiarch --enable-multilib --enable-nls --enable-objc-gc=auto --enable-offload-targets=nvptx-none --enable-plugin --enable-shared --enable-threads=posix --host=x86_64-linux-gnu --program-prefix=x86_64-linux-gnu- --target=x86_64-linux-gnu --with-abi=m64 --with-arch-32=i686 --with-as=/usr/bin/x86_64-linux-gnu-as --with-default-libstdcxx-abi=new --with-gcc-major-version-only --with-ld=/usr/bin/x86_64-linux-gnu-ld --with-multilib-list=m32,m64,mx32 --with-target-system-zlib --with-tune=generic --without-cuda-driver -v
Disk Notes: CFQ / relatime,rw
Processor Notes: Scaling Governor: intel_pstate powersave
Python Notes: Python 2.7.15rc1 + Python 3.6.5
Security Notes: KPTI + __user pointer sanitization + Full generic retpoline IBPB IBRS_FW Protection

Testing initiated at 15 June 2018 15:58 by user root.