Amazon EC2 AMI Linux RHEL Ubuntu SUSE

Benchmarking of Amazon EC2 (Elastic Compute Cloud) with c1.xlarge instance when comparing Linux x86_64 performance using the Linux distributions of Amazon Linux AMI and Ubuntu 12.04 LTS and SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 11 (SLES 11) and Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6.3 (RHEL 6.3). Benchmarking by Michael Larabel for a future article on Phoronix.com.

HTML result view exported from: https://openbenchmarking.org/result/1207181-SU-AMAZONEC223&sro.

Amazon EC2 AMI Linux RHEL Ubuntu SUSEProcessorMemoryDiskOSKernelCompilerFile-SystemSystem LayerUbuntu 12.04 LTSAmazon Linux AMI 2012.03Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6.3SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 11Intel Xeon E5410 @ 2.33GHz (8 Cores)7168MB8GBUbuntu 12.043.2.0-25-virtual (x86_64)GCC 4.6ext4Xen 3.4.3-2.6.18 HypervisorAmazon Linux AMI 2012.033.2.21-1.32.6.amzn1.x86_64 (x86_64)GCC 4.4.6 20110731Intel Xeon E5506 @ 2.13GHz (8 Cores)6GBRedHatEnterpriseServer 6.32.6.32-276.el6.x86_64 (x86_64)GCC 4.4.6 201203058192MB10GBSUSE Linux Enterprise Server 11 (x86_64)3.0.13-0.27-ec2 (x86_64)GCC 4.3ext3OpenBenchmarking.orgCompiler Details- Ubuntu 12.04 LTS: --build=x86_64-linux-gnu --disable-werror --enable-checking=release --enable-clocale=gnu --enable-gnu-unique-object --enable-languages=c,c++,fortran,objc,obj-c++ --enable-libstdcxx-debug --enable-libstdcxx-time=yes --enable-nls --enable-objc-gc --enable-plugin --enable-shared --enable-threads=posix --host=x86_64-linux-gnu --target=x86_64-linux-gnu --with-arch-32=i686 --with-tune=generic -v - Amazon Linux AMI 2012.03: --build=x86_64-amazon-linux --disable-gjdoc --disable-libgcj --disable-libunwind-exceptions --enable-__cxa_atexit --enable-bootstrap --enable-checking=release --enable-gnu-unique-object --enable-languages=c,c++,objc,obj-c++,java,fortran,ada --enable-shared --enable-threads=posix --mandir=/usr/share/man --with-arch_32=i686 --with-cloog --with-ppl --with-tune=generic - Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6.3: --build=x86_64-redhat-linux --disable-dssi --disable-libjava-multilib --disable-libunwind-exceptions --enable-__cxa_atexit --enable-bootstrap --enable-checking=release --enable-gnu-unique-object --enable-java-awt=gtk --enable-java-maintainer-mode --enable-languages=c,c++,objc,obj-c++,java,fortran,ada --enable-libgcj-multifile --enable-shared --enable-threads=posix --mandir=/usr/share/man --with-arch_32=i686 --with-cloog --with-ecj-jar=/usr/share/java/eclipse-ecj.jar --with-java-home=/usr/lib/jvm/java-1.5.0-gcj-1.5.0.0/jre --with-ppl --with-tune=generic - SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 11: --build=x86_64-suse-linux --disable-libgcj --disable-libmudflap --disable-libssp --disable-libstdcxx-pch --enable-__cxa_atexit --enable-checking=release --enable-languages=c,c++,objc,fortran,obj-c++,java,ada --enable-libstdcxx-allocator=new --enable-linux-futex --enable-ssp --enable-version-specific-runtime-libs --mandir=/usr/share/man --with-cpu=generic --with-slibdir=/lib64 --without-system-libunwind System Details- Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6.3: SELinux: Enabled.

Amazon EC2 AMI Linux RHEL Ubuntu SUSEnpb: CG.Bnpb: EP.Bnpb: FT.Bnpb: LU.Anpb: MG.Bnpb: SP.Anpb: UA.Alammps: Rhodopsin Proteinffte: N=64, 1D Complex FFT Routinehmmer: Pfam Database Searchmafft: Multiple Sequence Alignmentmrbayes: Primate Phylogeny Analysisjohn-the-ripper: Blowfishvpxenc: vpxencx264: H.264 Video Encodinggraphics-magick: Blurgraphics-magick: Sharpengraphics-magick: Resizinggraphics-magick: HWB Color Spacegraphics-magick: Local Adaptive Thresholdinghimeno: Poisson Pressure Solverbuild-linux-kernel: Time To Compilec-ray: Total Timecompress-pbzip2: 256MB File Compressionsmallpt: Global Illumination Renderer; 100 Samplescompress-lzma: 256MB File Compressionencode-mp3: WAV To MP3minion: Bibdminion: Gracefulminion: Solitaireminion: Quasigroupopenssl: RSA 4096-bit Performancepgbench: TPC-B Transactions Per Secondapache: Static Web Page ServingUbuntu 12.04 LTSAmazon Linux AMI 2012.03Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6.3SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 11933.49161.524107.677470.652448.673711.4132.2684.012863.1518.019.1026.84450015.9798.065946819445727.40119.2647.278.4934237.1228.45231.49131.10202.37277.1734.25967.909313.08942.21160.364315.636692.812442.063558.8729.783044.2918.049.7773.7844095945799246688.80121.9251.308.78123243.7828.30251.87131.83222.27275.0934.10516.69144.162829.863460.951214.691118.039.862918.7025.7011.8799.1324095641758941702.37137.5957.5413.9141272.1530.09270.28149.66273.58318.7132.603127.81812.20188.443009.444233.261484.091635.0815.332663.5525.3211.2867.19346716.7087.976046748941596.38138.4256.8814.0239268.4429.5732.855400.50OpenBenchmarking.org

NAS Parallel Benchmarks

Test / Class: CG.B

OpenBenchmarking.orgTotal Mop/s, More Is BetterNAS Parallel Benchmarks 3.3Test / Class: CG.BAmazon Linux AMI 2012.03Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6.3SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 11Ubuntu 12.04 LTS2004006008001000SE +/- 7.07, N = 3SE +/- 8.86, N = 6SE +/- 1.83, N = 3SE +/- 9.81, N = 3942.21516.69812.20933.491. (F9X) gfortran options: -fopenmp

NAS Parallel Benchmarks

Test / Class: EP.B

OpenBenchmarking.orgTotal Mop/s, More Is BetterNAS Parallel Benchmarks 3.3Test / Class: EP.BAmazon Linux AMI 2012.03Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6.3SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 11Ubuntu 12.04 LTS4080120160200SE +/- 1.55, N = 3SE +/- 0.56, N = 3SE +/- 12.80, N = 6SE +/- 1.18, N = 3160.36144.16188.44161.521. (F9X) gfortran options: -fopenmp

NAS Parallel Benchmarks

Test / Class: FT.B

OpenBenchmarking.orgTotal Mop/s, More Is BetterNAS Parallel Benchmarks 3.3Test / Class: FT.BAmazon Linux AMI 2012.03Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6.3SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 11Ubuntu 12.04 LTS9001800270036004500SE +/- 24.20, N = 3SE +/- 10.72, N = 3SE +/- 9.16, N = 3SE +/- 18.59, N = 34315.632829.863009.444107.671. (F9X) gfortran options: -fopenmp

NAS Parallel Benchmarks

Test / Class: LU.A

OpenBenchmarking.orgTotal Mop/s, More Is BetterNAS Parallel Benchmarks 3.3Test / Class: LU.AAmazon Linux AMI 2012.03Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6.3SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 11Ubuntu 12.04 LTS16003200480064008000SE +/- 71.24, N = 3SE +/- 54.63, N = 3SE +/- 49.67, N = 3SE +/- 114.79, N = 66692.813460.954233.267470.651. (F9X) gfortran options: -fopenmp

NAS Parallel Benchmarks

Test / Class: MG.B

OpenBenchmarking.orgTotal Mop/s, More Is BetterNAS Parallel Benchmarks 3.3Test / Class: MG.BAmazon Linux AMI 2012.03Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6.3SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 11Ubuntu 12.04 LTS5001000150020002500SE +/- 49.00, N = 6SE +/- 11.82, N = 3SE +/- 8.72, N = 3SE +/- 40.28, N = 42442.061214.691484.092448.671. (F9X) gfortran options: -fopenmp

NAS Parallel Benchmarks

Test / Class: SP.A

OpenBenchmarking.orgTotal Mop/s, More Is BetterNAS Parallel Benchmarks 3.3Test / Class: SP.AAmazon Linux AMI 2012.03Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6.3SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 11Ubuntu 12.04 LTS8001600240032004000SE +/- 49.75, N = 6SE +/- 12.67, N = 3SE +/- 2.18, N = 3SE +/- 37.90, N = 33558.871118.031635.083711.411. (F9X) gfortran options: -fopenmp

NAS Parallel Benchmarks

Test / Class: UA.A

OpenBenchmarking.orgTotal Mop/s, More Is BetterNAS Parallel Benchmarks 3.3Test / Class: UA.AAmazon Linux AMI 2012.03Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6.3SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 11Ubuntu 12.04 LTS714212835SE +/- 0.51, N = 4SE +/- 0.15, N = 3SE +/- 0.11, N = 3SE +/- 0.28, N = 329.789.8615.3332.261. (F9X) gfortran options: -fopenmp

LAMMPS Molecular Dynamics Simulator

Test: Rhodopsin Protein

OpenBenchmarking.orgLoop Time, Fewer Is BetterLAMMPS Molecular Dynamics Simulator 1.0Test: Rhodopsin ProteinUbuntu 12.04 LTS20406080100SE +/- 0.09, N = 384.011. (CXX) g++ options: -lfftw -lmpich

FFTE

Test: N=64, 1D Complex FFT Routine

OpenBenchmarking.orgMFLOPS, More Is BetterFFTE 5.0Test: N=64, 1D Complex FFT RoutineAmazon Linux AMI 2012.03Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6.3SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 11Ubuntu 12.04 LTS7001400210028003500SE +/- 0.22, N = 3SE +/- 0.64, N = 3SE +/- 3.71, N = 3SE +/- 70.77, N = 63044.292918.702663.552863.15-m64 -O2 -fPIC -lmpichf90 -lmpich -lopa -lpthread -lrt-m64 -O2 -fPIC -lmpichf90 -lmpich -lopa -lpthread -lrt-pthread -lmpi_f90 -lmpi_f77 -lmpi -lopen-rte -lopen-pal -ldl -lnsl -lutil -lm1. (F9X) gfortran options: -O3 -fomit-frame-pointer -fopenmp

Timed HMMer Search

Pfam Database Search

OpenBenchmarking.orgSeconds, Fewer Is BetterTimed HMMer Search 2.3.2Pfam Database SearchAmazon Linux AMI 2012.03Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6.3SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 11Ubuntu 12.04 LTS612182430SE +/- 0.12, N = 3SE +/- 0.39, N = 3SE +/- 0.22, N = 3SE +/- 0.37, N = 618.0425.7025.3218.01-O2-O3 -march=native-O3 -march=native1. (CC) gcc options: -pthread -lhmmer -lsquid -lm

Timed MAFFT Alignment

Multiple Sequence Alignment

OpenBenchmarking.orgSeconds, Fewer Is BetterTimed MAFFT Alignment 6.864Multiple Sequence AlignmentAmazon Linux AMI 2012.03Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6.3SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 11Ubuntu 12.04 LTS3691215SE +/- 0.20, N = 3SE +/- 0.18, N = 4SE +/- 0.34, N = 6SE +/- 0.15, N = 69.7711.8711.289.101. (CC) gcc options: -O3 -lm -lpthread

Timed MrBayes Analysis

Primate Phylogeny Analysis

OpenBenchmarking.orgSeconds, Fewer Is BetterTimed MrBayes Analysis 3.1.2Primate Phylogeny AnalysisAmazon Linux AMI 2012.03Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6.3SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 11Ubuntu 12.04 LTS20406080100SE +/- 0.78, N = 3SE +/- 0.49, N = 3SE +/- 0.89, N = 3SE +/- 0.50, N = 373.7899.1367.1926.84

John The Ripper

Test: Blowfish

OpenBenchmarking.orgReal C/S, More Is BetterJohn The Ripper 1.7.9Test: BlowfishAmazon Linux AMI 2012.03Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6.3SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 11Ubuntu 12.04 LTS10002000300040005000SE +/- 56.46, N = 3SE +/- 26.85, N = 3SE +/- 237.40, N = 6SE +/- 67.26, N = 444092409346745001. (CC) gcc options: -fopenmp -lcrypt

VP8 libvpx Encoding

vpxenc

OpenBenchmarking.orgFrames Per Second, More Is BetterVP8 libvpx Encoding 0.9.7-p1vpxencSUSE Linux Enterprise Server 11Ubuntu 12.04 LTS48121620SE +/- 0.29, N = 4SE +/- 0.19, N = 316.7015.971. (CC) gcc options: -m64 -lvpx -lm -lpthread

x264

H.264 Video Encoding

OpenBenchmarking.orgFrames Per Second, More Is Betterx264 2011-12-06H.264 Video EncodingSUSE Linux Enterprise Server 11Ubuntu 12.04 LTS20406080100SE +/- 5.40, N = 6SE +/- 2.06, N = 687.9798.06

GraphicsMagick

Operation: Blur

OpenBenchmarking.orgIterations Per Minute, More Is BetterGraphicsMagick 1.3.12Operation: BlurAmazon Linux AMI 2012.03Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6.3SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 11Ubuntu 12.04 LTS1326395265SE +/- 0.00, N = 3SE +/- 0.00, N = 3SE +/- 0.00, N = 3SE +/- 0.00, N = 359566059-O2-O3 -march=native-O3 -march=native1. (CC) gcc options: -std=gnu99 -fopenmp -pthread -lbz2 -lz -lm -lgomp -lpthread

GraphicsMagick

Operation: Sharpen

OpenBenchmarking.orgIterations Per Minute, More Is BetterGraphicsMagick 1.3.12Operation: SharpenAmazon Linux AMI 2012.03Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6.3SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 11Ubuntu 12.04 LTS1020304050SE +/- 0.00, N = 3SE +/- 0.00, N = 3SE +/- 0.00, N = 3SE +/- 0.33, N = 345414646-O2-O3 -march=native-O3 -march=native1. (CC) gcc options: -std=gnu99 -fopenmp -pthread -lbz2 -lz -lm -lgomp -lpthread

GraphicsMagick

Operation: Resizing

OpenBenchmarking.orgIterations Per Minute, More Is BetterGraphicsMagick 1.3.12Operation: ResizingAmazon Linux AMI 2012.03Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6.3SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 11Ubuntu 12.04 LTS20406080100SE +/- 0.00, N = 3SE +/- 0.33, N = 3SE +/- 0.00, N = 3SE +/- 0.33, N = 379757481-O2-O3 -march=native-O3 -march=native1. (CC) gcc options: -std=gnu99 -fopenmp -pthread -lbz2 -lz -lm -lgomp -lpthread

GraphicsMagick

Operation: HWB Color Space

OpenBenchmarking.orgIterations Per Minute, More Is BetterGraphicsMagick 1.3.12Operation: HWB Color SpaceAmazon Linux AMI 2012.03Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6.3SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 11Ubuntu 12.04 LTS20406080100SE +/- 0.00, N = 3SE +/- 0.33, N = 3SE +/- 0.00, N = 3SE +/- 0.00, N = 392898994-O2-O3 -march=native-O3 -march=native1. (CC) gcc options: -std=gnu99 -fopenmp -pthread -lbz2 -lz -lm -lgomp -lpthread

GraphicsMagick

Operation: Local Adaptive Thresholding

OpenBenchmarking.orgIterations Per Minute, More Is BetterGraphicsMagick 1.3.12Operation: Local Adaptive ThresholdingAmazon Linux AMI 2012.03Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6.3SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 11Ubuntu 12.04 LTS1020304050SE +/- 0.33, N = 3SE +/- 0.33, N = 3SE +/- 0.00, N = 3SE +/- 0.00, N = 346414145-O2-O3 -march=native-O3 -march=native1. (CC) gcc options: -std=gnu99 -fopenmp -pthread -lbz2 -lz -lm -lgomp -lpthread

Himeno Benchmark

Poisson Pressure Solver

OpenBenchmarking.orgMFLOPS, More Is BetterHimeno Benchmark 3.0Poisson Pressure SolverAmazon Linux AMI 2012.03Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6.3SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 11Ubuntu 12.04 LTS160320480640800SE +/- 0.84, N = 3SE +/- 2.26, N = 3SE +/- 0.77, N = 3SE +/- 2.04, N = 3688.80702.37596.38727.40-march=native-march=native1. (CC) gcc options: -O3

Timed Linux Kernel Compilation

Time To Compile

OpenBenchmarking.orgSeconds, Fewer Is BetterTimed Linux Kernel Compilation 3.1Time To CompileAmazon Linux AMI 2012.03Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6.3SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 11Ubuntu 12.04 LTS306090120150SE +/- 1.32, N = 3SE +/- 1.54, N = 3SE +/- 1.47, N = 3SE +/- 1.20, N = 3121.92137.59138.42119.26

C-Ray

Total Time

OpenBenchmarking.orgSeconds, Fewer Is BetterC-Ray 1.1Total TimeAmazon Linux AMI 2012.03Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6.3SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 11Ubuntu 12.04 LTS1326395265SE +/- 0.03, N = 3SE +/- 0.20, N = 3SE +/- 0.10, N = 3SE +/- 0.08, N = 351.3057.5456.8847.27-march=native-march=native1. (CC) gcc options: -lm -lpthread -O3

Parallel BZIP2 Compression

256MB File Compression

OpenBenchmarking.orgSeconds, Fewer Is BetterParallel BZIP2 Compression 1.0.5256MB File CompressionAmazon Linux AMI 2012.03Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6.3SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 11Ubuntu 12.04 LTS48121620SE +/- 0.07, N = 3SE +/- 0.23, N = 4SE +/- 0.04, N = 3SE +/- 0.11, N = 68.7813.9114.028.491. (CXX) g++ options: -O2 -pthread -lpthread -lbz2

Smallpt

Global Illumination Renderer; 100 Samples

OpenBenchmarking.orgSeconds, Fewer Is BetterSmallpt 1.0Global Illumination Renderer; 100 SamplesAmazon Linux AMI 2012.03Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6.3SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 11Ubuntu 12.04 LTS306090120150SE +/- 0.33, N = 3SE +/- 0.00, N = 3SE +/- 0.00, N = 3SE +/- 0.33, N = 3123413934-O3 -march=native-O3 -march=native-O3 -march=native1. (CXX) g++ options: -fopenmp

LZMA Compression

256MB File Compression

OpenBenchmarking.orgSeconds, Fewer Is BetterLZMA Compression256MB File CompressionAmazon Linux AMI 2012.03Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6.3SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 11Ubuntu 12.04 LTS60120180240300SE +/- 0.43, N = 3SE +/- 2.83, N = 3SE +/- 1.85, N = 3SE +/- 0.18, N = 3243.78272.15268.44237.12-O2-O3 -march=native-O3 -march=native1. (CC) gcc options:

LAME MP3 Encoding

WAV To MP3

OpenBenchmarking.orgSeconds, Fewer Is BetterLAME MP3 Encoding 3.99.3WAV To MP3Amazon Linux AMI 2012.03Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6.3SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 11Ubuntu 12.04 LTS714212835SE +/- 0.03, N = 5SE +/- 0.03, N = 5SE +/- 0.03, N = 5SE +/- 0.03, N = 528.3030.0929.5728.45

Minion

Benchmark: Bibd

OpenBenchmarking.orgSeconds, Fewer Is BetterMinion 0.12Benchmark: BibdAmazon Linux AMI 2012.03Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6.3Ubuntu 12.04 LTS60120180240300SE +/- 0.92, N = 3SE +/- 0.21, N = 3SE +/- 0.49, N = 3251.87270.28231.49-fPIC-fPIC1. (CXX) g++ options: -O3 -fomit-frame-pointer -rdynamic -lboost_iostreams-mt -lz -lbz2

Minion

Benchmark: Graceful

OpenBenchmarking.orgSeconds, Fewer Is BetterMinion 0.12Benchmark: GracefulAmazon Linux AMI 2012.03Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6.3Ubuntu 12.04 LTS306090120150SE +/- 0.38, N = 3SE +/- 0.15, N = 3SE +/- 0.31, N = 3131.83149.66131.10-fPIC-fPIC1. (CXX) g++ options: -O3 -fomit-frame-pointer -rdynamic -lboost_iostreams-mt -lz -lbz2

Minion

Benchmark: Solitaire

OpenBenchmarking.orgSeconds, Fewer Is BetterMinion 0.12Benchmark: SolitaireAmazon Linux AMI 2012.03Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6.3Ubuntu 12.04 LTS60120180240300SE +/- 0.24, N = 3SE +/- 0.11, N = 3SE +/- 0.12, N = 3222.27273.58202.37-fPIC-fPIC1. (CXX) g++ options: -O3 -fomit-frame-pointer -rdynamic -lboost_iostreams-mt -lz -lbz2

Minion

Benchmark: Quasigroup

OpenBenchmarking.orgSeconds, Fewer Is BetterMinion 0.12Benchmark: QuasigroupAmazon Linux AMI 2012.03Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6.3Ubuntu 12.04 LTS70140210280350SE +/- 0.92, N = 3SE +/- 0.63, N = 3SE +/- 0.79, N = 3275.09318.71277.17-fPIC-fPIC1. (CXX) g++ options: -O3 -fomit-frame-pointer -rdynamic -lboost_iostreams-mt -lz -lbz2

OpenSSL

RSA 4096-bit Performance

OpenBenchmarking.orgSigns Per Second, More Is BetterOpenSSL 1.0.0eRSA 4096-bit PerformanceAmazon Linux AMI 2012.03Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6.3SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 11Ubuntu 12.04 LTS816243240SE +/- 0.00, N = 4SE +/- 0.00, N = 4SE +/- 0.03, N = 4SE +/- 0.03, N = 434.1032.6032.8534.251. (CC) gcc options: -m64 -O3 -lssl -lcrypto -ldl

PostgreSQL pgbench

TPC-B Transactions Per Second

OpenBenchmarking.orgTPS, More Is BetterPostgreSQL pgbench 8.4.11TPC-B Transactions Per SecondUbuntu 12.04 LTS2004006008001000SE +/- 10.03, N = 3967.901. (CC) gcc options: -O3 -march=native -fno-strict-aliasing -fwrapv -lpgport -lpq -lcrypt -ldl -lm

Apache Benchmark

Static Web Page Serving

OpenBenchmarking.orgRequests Per Second, More Is BetterApache Benchmark 2.2.21Static Web Page ServingRed Hat Enterprise Linux 6.3SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 11Ubuntu 12.04 LTS2K4K6K8K10KSE +/- 19.48, N = 3SE +/- 104.99, N = 3SE +/- 27.97, N = 33127.815400.509313.08-lexpat1. (CC) gcc options: -pthread -O3 -march=native -lm -lrt -lcrypt -lpthread -ldl


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