Graviton4 vs. Graviton3 vs. Graviton2 + AMD EPYC, Intel Xeon AWS

Benchmarks by Michael Larabel for a future article on Phoronix.

HTML result view exported from: https://openbenchmarking.org/result/2407115-NE-4GRAVITON83&sro&grr.

Graviton4 vs. Graviton3 vs. Graviton2 + AMD EPYC, Intel Xeon AWSProcessorMotherboardChipsetMemoryDiskNetworkGraphicsOSKernelCompilerFile-SystemSystem LayerScreen ResolutionGraviton4 r8g.16xlargeGraviton3 r7g.16xlargeEPYC 9R14 r7a.16xlargeGraviton2 r6g.16xlargeARMv8 Neoverse-V2 (64 Cores)Amazon EC2 r8g.16xlarge (1.0 BIOS)Amazon Device 0200496GB429GB Amazon Elastic Block StoreAmazon ElasticUbuntu 24.046.8.0-1009-aws (aarch64)GCC 13.2.0ext4amazonARMv8 Neoverse-V1 (64 Cores)Amazon EC2 r7g.16xlarge (1.0 BIOS)AMD EPYC 9R14 (64 Cores)Amazon EC2 r7a.16xlarge (1.0 BIOS)Intel 440FX 82441FX PMC1 x 512GB DDR5-4800MT/ssimpledrmdrmfb6.8.0-1009-aws (x86_64)800x600ARMv8 Neoverse-N1 (64 Cores)Amazon EC2 r6g.16xlarge (1.0 BIOS)Amazon Device 0200512GB6.8.0-1009-aws (aarch64)OpenBenchmarking.orgKernel Details- Transparent Huge Pages: madviseCompiler Details- Graviton4 r8g.16xlarge: --build=aarch64-linux-gnu --disable-libquadmath --disable-libquadmath-support --disable-werror --enable-checking=release --enable-clocale=gnu --enable-default-pie --enable-fix-cortex-a53-843419 --enable-gnu-unique-object --enable-languages=c,ada,c++,go,d,fortran,objc,obj-c++,m2 --enable-libphobos-checking=release --enable-libstdcxx-backtrace --enable-libstdcxx-debug --enable-libstdcxx-time=yes --enable-multiarch --enable-nls --enable-objc-gc=auto --enable-offload-defaulted --enable-offload-targets=nvptx-none=/build/gcc-13-dIwDw0/gcc-13-13.2.0/debian/tmp-nvptx/usr --enable-plugin --enable-shared --enable-threads=posix --host=aarch64-linux-gnu --program-prefix=aarch64-linux-gnu- --target=aarch64-linux-gnu --with-default-libstdcxx-abi=new --with-gcc-major-version-only --with-target-system-zlib=auto --without-cuda-driver -v - Graviton3 r7g.16xlarge: --build=aarch64-linux-gnu --disable-libquadmath --disable-libquadmath-support --disable-werror --enable-checking=release --enable-clocale=gnu --enable-default-pie --enable-fix-cortex-a53-843419 --enable-gnu-unique-object --enable-languages=c,ada,c++,go,d,fortran,objc,obj-c++,m2 --enable-libphobos-checking=release --enable-libstdcxx-backtrace --enable-libstdcxx-debug --enable-libstdcxx-time=yes --enable-multiarch --enable-nls --enable-objc-gc=auto --enable-offload-defaulted --enable-offload-targets=nvptx-none=/build/gcc-13-dIwDw0/gcc-13-13.2.0/debian/tmp-nvptx/usr --enable-plugin --enable-shared --enable-threads=posix --host=aarch64-linux-gnu --program-prefix=aarch64-linux-gnu- --target=aarch64-linux-gnu --with-default-libstdcxx-abi=new --with-gcc-major-version-only --with-target-system-zlib=auto --without-cuda-driver -v - EPYC 9R14 r7a.16xlarge: --build=x86_64-linux-gnu --disable-vtable-verify --disable-werror --enable-cet --enable-checking=release --enable-clocale=gnu --enable-default-pie --enable-gnu-unique-object --enable-languages=c,ada,c++,go,d,fortran,objc,obj-c++,m2 --enable-libphobos-checking=release --enable-libstdcxx-backtrace --enable-libstdcxx-debug --enable-libstdcxx-time=yes --enable-multiarch --enable-multilib --enable-nls --enable-objc-gc=auto --enable-offload-defaulted --enable-offload-targets=nvptx-none=/build/gcc-13-uJ7kn6/gcc-13-13.2.0/debian/tmp-nvptx/usr,amdgcn-amdhsa=/build/gcc-13-uJ7kn6/gcc-13-13.2.0/debian/tmp-gcn/usr --enable-plugin --enable-shared --enable-threads=posix --host=x86_64-linux-gnu --program-prefix=x86_64-linux-gnu- --target=x86_64-linux-gnu --with-abi=m64 --with-arch-32=i686 --with-default-libstdcxx-abi=new --with-gcc-major-version-only --with-multilib-list=m32,m64,mx32 --with-target-system-zlib=auto --with-tune=generic --without-cuda-driver -v - Graviton2 r6g.16xlarge: --build=aarch64-linux-gnu --disable-libquadmath --disable-libquadmath-support --disable-werror --enable-checking=release --enable-clocale=gnu --enable-default-pie --enable-fix-cortex-a53-843419 --enable-gnu-unique-object --enable-languages=c,ada,c++,go,d,fortran,objc,obj-c++,m2 --enable-libphobos-checking=release --enable-libstdcxx-backtrace --enable-libstdcxx-debug --enable-libstdcxx-time=yes --enable-multiarch --enable-nls --enable-objc-gc=auto --enable-offload-defaulted --enable-offload-targets=nvptx-none=/build/gcc-13-dIwDw0/gcc-13-13.2.0/debian/tmp-nvptx/usr --enable-plugin --enable-shared --enable-threads=posix --host=aarch64-linux-gnu --program-prefix=aarch64-linux-gnu- --target=aarch64-linux-gnu --with-default-libstdcxx-abi=new --with-gcc-major-version-only --with-target-system-zlib=auto --without-cuda-driver -v Python Details- Python 3.12.3Security Details- Graviton4 r8g.16xlarge: gather_data_sampling: Not affected + itlb_multihit: Not affected + l1tf: Not affected + mds: Not affected + meltdown: Not affected + mmio_stale_data: Not affected + reg_file_data_sampling: Not affected + retbleed: Not affected + spec_rstack_overflow: Not affected + spec_store_bypass: Mitigation of SSB disabled via prctl + spectre_v1: Mitigation of __user pointer sanitization + spectre_v2: Not affected + srbds: Not affected + tsx_async_abort: Not affected - Graviton3 r7g.16xlarge: gather_data_sampling: Not affected + itlb_multihit: Not affected + l1tf: Not affected + mds: Not affected + meltdown: Not affected + mmio_stale_data: Not affected + reg_file_data_sampling: Not affected + retbleed: Not affected + spec_rstack_overflow: Not affected + spec_store_bypass: Mitigation of SSB disabled via prctl + spectre_v1: Mitigation of __user pointer sanitization + spectre_v2: Mitigation of CSV2 BHB + srbds: Not affected + tsx_async_abort: Not affected - EPYC 9R14 r7a.16xlarge: gather_data_sampling: Not affected + itlb_multihit: Not affected + l1tf: Not affected + mds: Not affected + meltdown: Not affected + mmio_stale_data: Not affected + reg_file_data_sampling: Not affected + retbleed: Not affected + spec_rstack_overflow: Vulnerable: Safe RET no microcode + spec_store_bypass: Mitigation of SSB disabled via prctl + spectre_v1: Mitigation of usercopy/swapgs barriers and __user pointer sanitization + spectre_v2: Mitigation of Enhanced / Automatic IBRS; IBPB: conditional; STIBP: disabled; RSB filling; PBRSB-eIBRS: Not affected; BHI: Not affected + srbds: Not affected + tsx_async_abort: Not affected - Graviton2 r6g.16xlarge: gather_data_sampling: Not affected + itlb_multihit: Not affected + l1tf: Not affected + mds: Not affected + meltdown: Not affected + mmio_stale_data: Not affected + reg_file_data_sampling: Not affected + retbleed: Not affected + spec_rstack_overflow: Not affected + spec_store_bypass: Mitigation of SSB disabled via prctl + spectre_v1: Mitigation of __user pointer sanitization + spectre_v2: Mitigation of CSV2 BHB + srbds: Not affected + tsx_async_abort: Not affected Processor Details- EPYC 9R14 r7a.16xlarge: CPU Microcode: 0xa101148

Graviton4 vs. Graviton3 vs. Graviton2 + AMD EPYC, Intel Xeon AWSclickhouse: 100M Rows Hits Dataset, Third Runclickhouse: 100M Rows Hits Dataset, Second Runclickhouse: 100M Rows Hits Dataset, First Run / Cold Cacheblender: Barbershop - CPU-Onlybuild-gem5: Time To Compilebuild-nodejs: Time To Compilexmrig: GhostRider - 1Mstockfish: Chess Benchmarkpgbench: 100 - 1000 - Read Write - Average Latencypgbench: 100 - 1000 - Read Writebuild-llvm: Ninjaopenfoam: drivaerFastback, Medium Mesh Size - Execution Timeopenfoam: drivaerFastback, Medium Mesh Size - Mesh Timeblender: Pabellon Barcelona - CPU-Onlybuild-godot: Time To Compileopenssl: AES-256-GCMopenssl: ChaCha20openssl: ChaCha20-Poly1305openssl: AES-128-GCMpgbench: 100 - 1000 - Read Only - Average Latencypgbench: 100 - 1000 - Read Onlyopenssl: SHA512openssl: SHA256rocksdb: Update Randblender: Classroom - CPU-Onlyrocksdb: Read While Writingrocksdb: Read Rand Write Randblender: Fishy Cat - CPU-Onlyc-ray: 5K - 16john-the-ripper: HMAC-SHA512john-the-ripper: MD5rocksdb: Rand Readblender: BMW27 - CPU-Onlyxmrig: KawPow - 1Mxmrig: CryptoNight-Femto UPX2 - 1Mxmrig: CryptoNight-Heavy - 1Mxmrig: Monero - 1Mgromacs: MPI CPU - water_GMX50_barec-ray: 4K - 16srsran: PUSCH Processor Benchmark, Throughput Totalxmrig: Wownero - 1Mopenfoam: drivaerFastback, Small Mesh Size - Execution Timeopenfoam: drivaerFastback, Small Mesh Size - Mesh Timejohn-the-ripper: WPA PSKliquid-dsp: 64 - 256 - 512john-the-ripper: bcryptjohn-the-ripper: Blowfishliquid-dsp: 64 - 256 - 57liquid-dsp: 64 - 256 - 32compress-7zip: Decompression Ratingcompress-7zip: Compression Ratingincompact3d: input.i3d 193 Cells Per Directionsrsran: PDSCH Processor Benchmark, Throughput Totalminife: SmallGraviton4 r8g.16xlargeGraviton3 r7g.16xlargeEPYC 9R14 r7a.16xlargeGraviton2 r6g.16xlarge495.03479.94449.44499.63186.768365.0245958.781440801226.2444420182.063344.167691.974527202.26147.870266125150527101898720323751905487072997971021370.514194752535412809363569711745371274616105.398522597558401495.0150.247108066333157966734653258650.6421906.021851.921867.221872.14.83128.3231332.528304.041.41307518.384768574441850000005703857032192966666732587333333315053834607.8750206614402.565410.4382.14375.29348.41644.98251.402571.0112108.555548662220.2734541257.853552.5657121.27861247.60195.49724909550059794147502077694307045402875915247630.92010874883065946571047395512363817470129.4868723894254497115.4768.69986689000145133324316677162.7714540.414547.514553.914564.04.16338.6681053.820409.668.29461524.7844655263116631333350709506791654733333257380000028457629673113.955848412612.636361.7514.29508.87488.88284.63213.288250.4296899.885180777224.3234458198.500374.69664123.9971784.52127.4482364829482133086113903932174910967372561017954070.478209271074289857.116304192375658539.1688.891256384000864700032470366930.198.51949.6912400.243.16970924.78823637174775970000091409912212529533333226153333328840832093310.915766128256.841274.2274.07269.15252.63832.27334.808678.0132067.543501453223.1714483344.432872.07907194.78986321.20274.04112651093551767045933947464792765331569572631871.0919167861410855675739206680823305604169.8659558452912791147.77113.14661258333133266716581693983.0111873.511889.411885.211892.72.70963.698705.916874.2102.6483537.2915144985415023666745216452041173933333185120000023207022984425.52030058104.122674.0OpenBenchmarking.org

ClickHouse

100M Rows Hits Dataset, Third Run

OpenBenchmarking.orgQueries Per Minute, Geo Mean, More Is BetterClickHouse 22.12.3.5100M Rows Hits Dataset, Third RunEPYC 9R14 r7a.16xlargeGraviton2 r6g.16xlargeGraviton3 r7g.16xlargeGraviton4 r8g.16xlarge110220330440550SE +/- 9.86, N = 3SE +/- 6.12, N = 3SE +/- 2.76, N = 9SE +/- 6.71, N = 9514.29274.07382.14495.03MIN: 40.51 / MAX: 6000MIN: 20.67 / MAX: 3750MIN: 33.22 / MAX: 4615.38MIN: 43.07 / MAX: 6666.67

ClickHouse

100M Rows Hits Dataset, Second Run

OpenBenchmarking.orgQueries Per Minute, Geo Mean, More Is BetterClickHouse 22.12.3.5100M Rows Hits Dataset, Second RunEPYC 9R14 r7a.16xlargeGraviton2 r6g.16xlargeGraviton3 r7g.16xlargeGraviton4 r8g.16xlarge110220330440550SE +/- 2.24, N = 3SE +/- 5.29, N = 3SE +/- 3.03, N = 9SE +/- 5.05, N = 9508.87269.15375.29479.94MIN: 40.57 / MAX: 6000MIN: 20.53 / MAX: 4000MIN: 33.15 / MAX: 5000MIN: 43.1 / MAX: 6000

ClickHouse

100M Rows Hits Dataset, First Run / Cold Cache

OpenBenchmarking.orgQueries Per Minute, Geo Mean, More Is BetterClickHouse 22.12.3.5100M Rows Hits Dataset, First Run / Cold CacheEPYC 9R14 r7a.16xlargeGraviton2 r6g.16xlargeGraviton3 r7g.16xlargeGraviton4 r8g.16xlarge110220330440550SE +/- 6.79, N = 3SE +/- 3.33, N = 3SE +/- 5.68, N = 9SE +/- 4.96, N = 9488.88252.63348.41449.44MIN: 40.21 / MAX: 5000MIN: 20.56 / MAX: 3157.89MIN: 33.19 / MAX: 5000MIN: 42.7 / MAX: 6666.67

Blender

Blend File: Barbershop - Compute: CPU-Only

OpenBenchmarking.orgSeconds, Fewer Is BetterBlender 4.0.2Blend File: Barbershop - Compute: CPU-OnlyEPYC 9R14 r7a.16xlargeGraviton2 r6g.16xlargeGraviton3 r7g.16xlargeGraviton4 r8g.16xlarge2004006008001000SE +/- 0.03, N = 3SE +/- 2.45, N = 3SE +/- 0.24, N = 3SE +/- 0.76, N = 3284.63832.27644.98499.63

Timed Gem5 Compilation

Time To Compile

OpenBenchmarking.orgSeconds, Fewer Is BetterTimed Gem5 Compilation 23.0.1Time To CompileEPYC 9R14 r7a.16xlargeGraviton2 r6g.16xlargeGraviton3 r7g.16xlargeGraviton4 r8g.16xlarge70140210280350SE +/- 2.25, N = 3SE +/- 4.90, N = 9SE +/- 2.33, N = 3SE +/- 1.43, N = 12213.29334.81251.40186.77

Timed Node.js Compilation

Time To Compile

OpenBenchmarking.orgSeconds, Fewer Is BetterTimed Node.js Compilation 21.7.2Time To CompileEPYC 9R14 r7a.16xlargeGraviton2 r6g.16xlargeGraviton3 r7g.16xlargeGraviton4 r8g.16xlarge150300450600750SE +/- 0.19, N = 3SE +/- 0.88, N = 3SE +/- 0.62, N = 3SE +/- 0.19, N = 3250.43678.01571.01365.02

Xmrig

Variant: GhostRider - Hash Count: 1M

OpenBenchmarking.orgH/s, More Is BetterXmrig 6.21Variant: GhostRider - Hash Count: 1MEPYC 9R14 r7a.16xlargeGraviton2 r6g.16xlargeGraviton3 r7g.16xlargeGraviton4 r8g.16xlarge15003000450060007500SE +/- 2.15, N = 3SE +/- 1.60, N = 3SE +/- 4.85, N = 3SE +/- 47.30, N = 126899.82067.52108.55958.7-maes1. (CXX) g++ options: -fexceptions -fno-rtti -O3 -Ofast -static-libgcc -static-libstdc++ -rdynamic -lssl -lcrypto -luv -lpthread -lrt -ldl -lhwloc

Stockfish

Chess Benchmark

OpenBenchmarking.orgNodes Per Second, More Is BetterStockfish 16.1Chess BenchmarkEPYC 9R14 r7a.16xlargeGraviton2 r6g.16xlargeGraviton3 r7g.16xlargeGraviton4 r8g.16xlarge20M40M60M80M100MSE +/- 927253.56, N = 12SE +/- 1062798.48, N = 12SE +/- 1152869.30, N = 12SE +/- 2235406.92, N = 1585180777435014535554866281440801-m64 -msse -msse3 -mpopcnt -mavx2 -mbmi -mavx512f -mavx512bw -mavx512vnni -mavx512dq -mavx512vl -msse4.1 -mssse3 -msse2 -mbmi21. (CXX) g++ options: -lgcov -lpthread -fno-exceptions -std=c++17 -fno-peel-loops -fno-tracer -pedantic -O3 -funroll-loops -flto -flto-partition=one -flto=jobserver

PostgreSQL

Scaling Factor: 100 - Clients: 1000 - Mode: Read Write - Average Latency

OpenBenchmarking.orgms, Fewer Is BetterPostgreSQL 16Scaling Factor: 100 - Clients: 1000 - Mode: Read Write - Average LatencyEPYC 9R14 r7a.16xlargeGraviton2 r6g.16xlargeGraviton3 r7g.16xlargeGraviton4 r8g.16xlarge50100150200250SE +/- 1.74, N = 3SE +/- 1.59, N = 11SE +/- 2.18, N = 3SE +/- 0.74, N = 3224.32223.17220.27226.241. (CC) gcc options: -fno-strict-aliasing -fwrapv -O2 -lpgcommon -lpgport -lpq -lm

PostgreSQL

Scaling Factor: 100 - Clients: 1000 - Mode: Read Write

OpenBenchmarking.orgTPS, More Is BetterPostgreSQL 16Scaling Factor: 100 - Clients: 1000 - Mode: Read WriteEPYC 9R14 r7a.16xlargeGraviton2 r6g.16xlargeGraviton3 r7g.16xlargeGraviton4 r8g.16xlarge10002000300040005000SE +/- 34.82, N = 3SE +/- 33.26, N = 11SE +/- 45.23, N = 3SE +/- 14.53, N = 344584483454144201. (CC) gcc options: -fno-strict-aliasing -fwrapv -O2 -lpgcommon -lpgport -lpq -lm

Timed LLVM Compilation

Build System: Ninja

OpenBenchmarking.orgSeconds, Fewer Is BetterTimed LLVM Compilation 16.0Build System: NinjaEPYC 9R14 r7a.16xlargeGraviton2 r6g.16xlargeGraviton3 r7g.16xlargeGraviton4 r8g.16xlarge70140210280350SE +/- 0.91, N = 3SE +/- 0.93, N = 3SE +/- 0.38, N = 3SE +/- 0.20, N = 3198.50344.43257.85182.06

OpenFOAM

Input: drivaerFastback, Medium Mesh Size - Execution Time

OpenBenchmarking.orgSeconds, Fewer Is BetterOpenFOAM 10Input: drivaerFastback, Medium Mesh Size - Execution TimeEPYC 9R14 r7a.16xlargeGraviton2 r6g.16xlargeGraviton3 r7g.16xlargeGraviton4 r8g.16xlarge2004006008001000374.70872.08552.57344.17-m64-mcpu=native-mcpu=native-mcpu=native1. (CXX) g++ options: -std=c++14 -O3 -ftemplate-depth-100 -fPIC -fuse-ld=bfd -Xlinker --add-needed --no-as-needed -lfoamToVTK -ldynamicMesh -llagrangian -lgenericPatchFields -lfileFormats -lOpenFOAM -ldl -lm

OpenFOAM

Input: drivaerFastback, Medium Mesh Size - Mesh Time

OpenBenchmarking.orgSeconds, Fewer Is BetterOpenFOAM 10Input: drivaerFastback, Medium Mesh Size - Mesh TimeEPYC 9R14 r7a.16xlargeGraviton2 r6g.16xlargeGraviton3 r7g.16xlargeGraviton4 r8g.16xlarge4080120160200124.00194.79121.2891.97-m64-mcpu=native-mcpu=native-mcpu=native1. (CXX) g++ options: -std=c++14 -O3 -ftemplate-depth-100 -fPIC -fuse-ld=bfd -Xlinker --add-needed --no-as-needed -lfoamToVTK -ldynamicMesh -llagrangian -lgenericPatchFields -lfileFormats -lOpenFOAM -ldl -lm

Blender

Blend File: Pabellon Barcelona - Compute: CPU-Only

OpenBenchmarking.orgSeconds, Fewer Is BetterBlender 4.0.2Blend File: Pabellon Barcelona - Compute: CPU-OnlyEPYC 9R14 r7a.16xlargeGraviton2 r6g.16xlargeGraviton3 r7g.16xlargeGraviton4 r8g.16xlarge70140210280350SE +/- 0.11, N = 3SE +/- 0.45, N = 3SE +/- 0.13, N = 3SE +/- 0.34, N = 384.52321.20247.60202.26

Timed Godot Game Engine Compilation

Time To Compile

OpenBenchmarking.orgSeconds, Fewer Is BetterTimed Godot Game Engine Compilation 4.0Time To CompileEPYC 9R14 r7a.16xlargeGraviton2 r6g.16xlargeGraviton3 r7g.16xlargeGraviton4 r8g.16xlarge60120180240300SE +/- 0.19, N = 3SE +/- 0.76, N = 3SE +/- 0.85, N = 3SE +/- 0.35, N = 3127.45274.04195.50147.87

OpenSSL

Algorithm: AES-256-GCM

OpenBenchmarking.orgbyte/s, More Is BetterOpenSSLAlgorithm: AES-256-GCMEPYC 9R14 r7a.16xlargeGraviton2 r6g.16xlargeGraviton3 r7g.16xlargeGraviton4 r8g.16xlarge60000M120000M180000M240000M300000MSE +/- 338102973.44, N = 3SE +/- 14487293.04, N = 3SE +/- 4988409.71, N = 3SE +/- 6417811.59, N = 32364829482131265109355172490955005972661251505271. EPYC 9R14 r7a.16xlarge: OpenSSL 3.0.13 30 Jan 2024 (Library: OpenSSL 3.0.13 30 Jan 2024) - Additional Parameters: -engine qatengine -async_jobs 8 2. Graviton2 r6g.16xlarge: OpenSSL 3.0.13 30 Jan 2024 (Library: OpenSSL 3.0.13 30 Jan 2024)3. Graviton3 r7g.16xlarge: OpenSSL 3.0.13 30 Jan 2024 (Library: OpenSSL 3.0.13 30 Jan 2024)4. Graviton4 r8g.16xlarge: OpenSSL 3.0.13 30 Jan 2024 (Library: OpenSSL 3.0.13 30 Jan 2024)

OpenSSL

Algorithm: ChaCha20

OpenBenchmarking.orgbyte/s, More Is BetterOpenSSLAlgorithm: ChaCha20EPYC 9R14 r7a.16xlargeGraviton2 r6g.16xlargeGraviton3 r7g.16xlargeGraviton4 r8g.16xlarge70000M140000M210000M280000M350000MSE +/- 350599170.76, N = 3SE +/- 10580063.28, N = 3SE +/- 4627810.23, N = 3SE +/- 66408.09, N = 330861139039367045933947941475020771018987203231. EPYC 9R14 r7a.16xlarge: OpenSSL 3.0.13 30 Jan 2024 (Library: OpenSSL 3.0.13 30 Jan 2024) - Additional Parameters: -engine qatengine -async_jobs 8 2. Graviton2 r6g.16xlarge: OpenSSL 3.0.13 30 Jan 2024 (Library: OpenSSL 3.0.13 30 Jan 2024)3. Graviton3 r7g.16xlarge: OpenSSL 3.0.13 30 Jan 2024 (Library: OpenSSL 3.0.13 30 Jan 2024)4. Graviton4 r8g.16xlarge: OpenSSL 3.0.13 30 Jan 2024 (Library: OpenSSL 3.0.13 30 Jan 2024)

OpenSSL

Algorithm: ChaCha20-Poly1305

OpenBenchmarking.orgbyte/s, More Is BetterOpenSSLAlgorithm: ChaCha20-Poly1305EPYC 9R14 r7a.16xlargeGraviton2 r6g.16xlargeGraviton3 r7g.16xlargeGraviton4 r8g.16xlarge50000M100000M150000M200000M250000MSE +/- 197460025.45, N = 3SE +/- 36473958.31, N = 3SE +/- 6321669.59, N = 3SE +/- 558939.35, N = 32174910967374647927653369430704540751905487071. EPYC 9R14 r7a.16xlarge: OpenSSL 3.0.13 30 Jan 2024 (Library: OpenSSL 3.0.13 30 Jan 2024) - Additional Parameters: -engine qatengine -async_jobs 8 2. Graviton2 r6g.16xlarge: OpenSSL 3.0.13 30 Jan 2024 (Library: OpenSSL 3.0.13 30 Jan 2024)3. Graviton3 r7g.16xlarge: OpenSSL 3.0.13 30 Jan 2024 (Library: OpenSSL 3.0.13 30 Jan 2024)4. Graviton4 r8g.16xlarge: OpenSSL 3.0.13 30 Jan 2024 (Library: OpenSSL 3.0.13 30 Jan 2024)

OpenSSL

Algorithm: AES-128-GCM

OpenBenchmarking.orgbyte/s, More Is BetterOpenSSLAlgorithm: AES-128-GCMEPYC 9R14 r7a.16xlargeGraviton2 r6g.16xlargeGraviton3 r7g.16xlargeGraviton4 r8g.16xlarge60000M120000M180000M240000M300000MSE +/- 358257182.84, N = 3SE +/- 11278788.96, N = 3SE +/- 3618954.21, N = 3SE +/- 7802917.99, N = 32561017954071569572631872875915247632997971021371. EPYC 9R14 r7a.16xlarge: OpenSSL 3.0.13 30 Jan 2024 (Library: OpenSSL 3.0.13 30 Jan 2024) - Additional Parameters: -engine qatengine -async_jobs 8 2. Graviton2 r6g.16xlarge: OpenSSL 3.0.13 30 Jan 2024 (Library: OpenSSL 3.0.13 30 Jan 2024)3. Graviton3 r7g.16xlarge: OpenSSL 3.0.13 30 Jan 2024 (Library: OpenSSL 3.0.13 30 Jan 2024)4. Graviton4 r8g.16xlarge: OpenSSL 3.0.13 30 Jan 2024 (Library: OpenSSL 3.0.13 30 Jan 2024)

PostgreSQL

Scaling Factor: 100 - Clients: 1000 - Mode: Read Only - Average Latency

OpenBenchmarking.orgms, Fewer Is BetterPostgreSQL 16Scaling Factor: 100 - Clients: 1000 - Mode: Read Only - Average LatencyEPYC 9R14 r7a.16xlargeGraviton2 r6g.16xlargeGraviton3 r7g.16xlargeGraviton4 r8g.16xlarge0.24550.4910.73650.9821.2275SE +/- 0.002, N = 3SE +/- 0.007, N = 3SE +/- 0.005, N = 3SE +/- 0.002, N = 30.4781.0910.9200.5141. (CC) gcc options: -fno-strict-aliasing -fwrapv -O2 -lpgcommon -lpgport -lpq -lm

PostgreSQL

Scaling Factor: 100 - Clients: 1000 - Mode: Read Only

OpenBenchmarking.orgTPS, More Is BetterPostgreSQL 16Scaling Factor: 100 - Clients: 1000 - Mode: Read OnlyEPYC 9R14 r7a.16xlargeGraviton2 r6g.16xlargeGraviton3 r7g.16xlargeGraviton4 r8g.16xlarge400K800K1200K1600K2000KSE +/- 7113.73, N = 3SE +/- 5859.87, N = 3SE +/- 5453.81, N = 3SE +/- 6233.51, N = 32092710916786108748819475251. (CC) gcc options: -fno-strict-aliasing -fwrapv -O2 -lpgcommon -lpgport -lpq -lm

OpenSSL

Algorithm: SHA512

OpenBenchmarking.orgbyte/s, More Is BetterOpenSSLAlgorithm: SHA512Graviton2 r6g.16xlargeGraviton3 r7g.16xlargeGraviton4 r8g.16xlarge8000M16000M24000M32000M40000MSE +/- 333393.11, N = 3SE +/- 3137583.25, N = 3SE +/- 8695334.33, N = 31410855675730659465710354128093631. OpenSSL 3.0.13 30 Jan 2024 (Library: OpenSSL 3.0.13 30 Jan 2024)

OpenSSL

Algorithm: SHA256

OpenBenchmarking.orgbyte/s, More Is BetterOpenSSLAlgorithm: SHA256Graviton2 r6g.16xlargeGraviton3 r7g.16xlargeGraviton4 r8g.16xlarge12000M24000M36000M48000M60000MSE +/- 13778007.51, N = 3SE +/- 29159419.58, N = 3SE +/- 10002237.60, N = 33920668082347395512363569711745371. OpenSSL 3.0.13 30 Jan 2024 (Library: OpenSSL 3.0.13 30 Jan 2024)

RocksDB

Test: Update Random

OpenBenchmarking.orgOp/s, More Is BetterRocksDB 9.0Test: Update RandomEPYC 9R14 r7a.16xlargeGraviton2 r6g.16xlargeGraviton3 r7g.16xlargeGraviton4 r8g.16xlarge300K600K900K1200K1500KSE +/- 4861.01, N = 3SE +/- 1081.97, N = 3SE +/- 7555.40, N = 15SE +/- 11457.12, N = 374289830560481747012746161. (CXX) g++ options: -O3 -march=native -pthread -fno-builtin-memcmp -fno-rtti

Blender

Blend File: Classroom - Compute: CPU-Only

OpenBenchmarking.orgSeconds, Fewer Is BetterBlender 4.0.2Blend File: Classroom - Compute: CPU-OnlyEPYC 9R14 r7a.16xlargeGraviton2 r6g.16xlargeGraviton3 r7g.16xlargeGraviton4 r8g.16xlarge4080120160200SE +/- 0.14, N = 3SE +/- 0.42, N = 3SE +/- 0.06, N = 3SE +/- 0.11, N = 357.11169.86129.48105.39

RocksDB

Test: Read While Writing

OpenBenchmarking.orgOp/s, More Is BetterRocksDB 9.0Test: Read While WritingEPYC 9R14 r7a.16xlargeGraviton2 r6g.16xlargeGraviton3 r7g.16xlargeGraviton4 r8g.16xlarge2M4M6M8M10MSE +/- 43017.34, N = 13SE +/- 15757.89, N = 3SE +/- 6592.32, N = 3SE +/- 26974.32, N = 363041925955845687238985225971. (CXX) g++ options: -O3 -march=native -pthread -fno-builtin-memcmp -fno-rtti

RocksDB

Test: Read Random Write Random

OpenBenchmarking.orgOp/s, More Is BetterRocksDB 9.0Test: Read Random Write RandomEPYC 9R14 r7a.16xlargeGraviton2 r6g.16xlargeGraviton3 r7g.16xlargeGraviton4 r8g.16xlarge1.2M2.4M3.6M4.8M6MSE +/- 17358.30, N = 3SE +/- 47713.48, N = 12SE +/- 1357.98, N = 3SE +/- 11170.68, N = 337565852912791425449755840141. (CXX) g++ options: -O3 -march=native -pthread -fno-builtin-memcmp -fno-rtti

Blender

Blend File: Fishy Cat - Compute: CPU-Only

OpenBenchmarking.orgSeconds, Fewer Is BetterBlender 4.0.2Blend File: Fishy Cat - Compute: CPU-OnlyEPYC 9R14 r7a.16xlargeGraviton2 r6g.16xlargeGraviton3 r7g.16xlargeGraviton4 r8g.16xlarge306090120150SE +/- 0.06, N = 3SE +/- 0.44, N = 3SE +/- 0.23, N = 3SE +/- 0.26, N = 339.16147.77115.4795.01

C-Ray

Resolution: 5K - Rays Per Pixel: 16

OpenBenchmarking.orgSeconds, Fewer Is BetterC-Ray 2.0Resolution: 5K - Rays Per Pixel: 16EPYC 9R14 r7a.16xlargeGraviton2 r6g.16xlargeGraviton3 r7g.16xlargeGraviton4 r8g.16xlarge306090120150SE +/- 0.10, N = 3SE +/- 0.03, N = 3SE +/- 0.01, N = 3SE +/- 0.07, N = 388.89113.1568.7050.251. (CC) gcc options: -lpthread -lm

John The Ripper

Test: HMAC-SHA512

OpenBenchmarking.orgReal C/S, More Is BetterJohn The Ripper 2023.03.14Test: HMAC-SHA512EPYC 9R14 r7a.16xlargeGraviton2 r6g.16xlargeGraviton3 r7g.16xlargeGraviton4 r8g.16xlarge50M100M150M200M250MSE +/- 730794.32, N = 3SE +/- 126483.64, N = 3SE +/- 76622.45, N = 3SE +/- 640028.21, N = 32563840006125833386689000108066333-m641. (CC) gcc options: -lssl -lcrypto -fopenmp -lm -lrt -lz -ldl -lcrypt

John The Ripper

Test: MD5

OpenBenchmarking.orgReal C/S, More Is BetterJohn The Ripper 2023.03.14Test: MD5EPYC 9R14 r7a.16xlargeGraviton2 r6g.16xlargeGraviton3 r7g.16xlargeGraviton4 r8g.16xlarge2M4M6M8M10MSE +/- 7571.88, N = 3SE +/- 666.67, N = 3SE +/- 333.33, N = 3SE +/- 1201.85, N = 38647000133266714513331579667-m641. (CC) gcc options: -lssl -lcrypto -fopenmp -lm -lrt -lz -ldl -lcrypt

RocksDB

Test: Random Read

OpenBenchmarking.orgOp/s, More Is BetterRocksDB 9.0Test: Random ReadEPYC 9R14 r7a.16xlargeGraviton2 r6g.16xlargeGraviton3 r7g.16xlargeGraviton4 r8g.16xlarge70M140M210M280M350MSE +/- 827628.35, N = 3SE +/- 2004027.04, N = 3SE +/- 36358.69, N = 3SE +/- 1371022.17, N = 33247036691658169392431667713465325861. (CXX) g++ options: -O3 -march=native -pthread -fno-builtin-memcmp -fno-rtti

Blender

Blend File: BMW27 - Compute: CPU-Only

OpenBenchmarking.orgSeconds, Fewer Is BetterBlender 4.0.2Blend File: BMW27 - Compute: CPU-OnlyEPYC 9R14 r7a.16xlargeGraviton2 r6g.16xlargeGraviton3 r7g.16xlargeGraviton4 r8g.16xlarge20406080100SE +/- 0.08, N = 3SE +/- 0.30, N = 3SE +/- 0.02, N = 3SE +/- 0.10, N = 330.1983.0162.7750.64

Xmrig

Variant: KawPow - Hash Count: 1M

OpenBenchmarking.orgH/s, More Is BetterXmrig 6.21Variant: KawPow - Hash Count: 1MGraviton2 r6g.16xlargeGraviton3 r7g.16xlargeGraviton4 r8g.16xlarge5K10K15K20K25KSE +/- 9.89, N = 3SE +/- 6.29, N = 3SE +/- 59.25, N = 311873.514540.421906.01. (CXX) g++ options: -fexceptions -fno-rtti -O3 -Ofast -static-libgcc -static-libstdc++ -rdynamic -lssl -lcrypto -luv -lpthread -lrt -ldl -lhwloc

Xmrig

Variant: CryptoNight-Femto UPX2 - Hash Count: 1M

OpenBenchmarking.orgH/s, More Is BetterXmrig 6.21Variant: CryptoNight-Femto UPX2 - Hash Count: 1MGraviton2 r6g.16xlargeGraviton3 r7g.16xlargeGraviton4 r8g.16xlarge5K10K15K20K25KSE +/- 1.52, N = 3SE +/- 4.95, N = 3SE +/- 9.16, N = 311889.414547.521851.91. (CXX) g++ options: -fexceptions -fno-rtti -O3 -Ofast -static-libgcc -static-libstdc++ -rdynamic -lssl -lcrypto -luv -lpthread -lrt -ldl -lhwloc

Xmrig

Variant: CryptoNight-Heavy - Hash Count: 1M

OpenBenchmarking.orgH/s, More Is BetterXmrig 6.21Variant: CryptoNight-Heavy - Hash Count: 1MGraviton2 r6g.16xlargeGraviton3 r7g.16xlargeGraviton4 r8g.16xlarge5K10K15K20K25KSE +/- 8.20, N = 3SE +/- 14.63, N = 3SE +/- 16.81, N = 311885.214553.921867.21. (CXX) g++ options: -fexceptions -fno-rtti -O3 -Ofast -static-libgcc -static-libstdc++ -rdynamic -lssl -lcrypto -luv -lpthread -lrt -ldl -lhwloc

Xmrig

Variant: Monero - Hash Count: 1M

OpenBenchmarking.orgH/s, More Is BetterXmrig 6.21Variant: Monero - Hash Count: 1MGraviton2 r6g.16xlargeGraviton3 r7g.16xlargeGraviton4 r8g.16xlarge5K10K15K20K25KSE +/- 10.98, N = 3SE +/- 12.04, N = 3SE +/- 40.15, N = 311892.714564.021872.11. (CXX) g++ options: -fexceptions -fno-rtti -O3 -Ofast -static-libgcc -static-libstdc++ -rdynamic -lssl -lcrypto -luv -lpthread -lrt -ldl -lhwloc

GROMACS

Implementation: MPI CPU - Input: water_GMX50_bare

OpenBenchmarking.orgNs Per Day, More Is BetterGROMACS 2024Implementation: MPI CPU - Input: water_GMX50_bareEPYC 9R14 r7a.16xlargeGraviton2 r6g.16xlargeGraviton3 r7g.16xlargeGraviton4 r8g.16xlarge246810SE +/- 0.041, N = 3SE +/- 0.001, N = 3SE +/- 0.001, N = 3SE +/- 0.004, N = 38.5192.7094.1634.8311. (CXX) g++ options: -O3 -lm

C-Ray

Resolution: 4K - Rays Per Pixel: 16

OpenBenchmarking.orgSeconds, Fewer Is BetterC-Ray 2.0Resolution: 4K - Rays Per Pixel: 16EPYC 9R14 r7a.16xlargeGraviton2 r6g.16xlargeGraviton3 r7g.16xlargeGraviton4 r8g.16xlarge1428425670SE +/- 0.03, N = 3SE +/- 0.02, N = 3SE +/- 0.04, N = 3SE +/- 0.03, N = 349.6963.7038.6728.321. (CC) gcc options: -lpthread -lm

srsRAN Project

Test: PUSCH Processor Benchmark, Throughput Total

OpenBenchmarking.orgMbps, More Is BettersrsRAN Project 23.10.1-20240325Test: PUSCH Processor Benchmark, Throughput TotalEPYC 9R14 r7a.16xlargeGraviton2 r6g.16xlargeGraviton3 r7g.16xlargeGraviton4 r8g.16xlarge5001000150020002500SE +/- 0.07, N = 3SE +/- 0.00, N = 3SE +/- 0.03, N = 3SE +/- 0.03, N = 32400.2705.91053.81332.5-march=native -mavx2 -mavx -msse4.1 -mfma -mavx512f -mavx512cd -mavx512bw -mavx512dq - MIN: 1696.6 / MAX: 2400.3MIN: 415.8MIN: 599.4 / MAX: 1053.9MIN: 784 / MAX: 1332.61. (CXX) g++ options: -O3 -fno-trapping-math -fno-math-errno -ldl

Xmrig

Variant: Wownero - Hash Count: 1M

OpenBenchmarking.orgH/s, More Is BetterXmrig 6.21Variant: Wownero - Hash Count: 1MGraviton2 r6g.16xlargeGraviton3 r7g.16xlargeGraviton4 r8g.16xlarge6K12K18K24K30KSE +/- 14.38, N = 3SE +/- 8.34, N = 3SE +/- 16.31, N = 316874.220409.628304.01. (CXX) g++ options: -fexceptions -fno-rtti -O3 -Ofast -static-libgcc -static-libstdc++ -rdynamic -lssl -lcrypto -luv -lpthread -lrt -ldl -lhwloc

OpenFOAM

Input: drivaerFastback, Small Mesh Size - Execution Time

OpenBenchmarking.orgSeconds, Fewer Is BetterOpenFOAM 10Input: drivaerFastback, Small Mesh Size - Execution TimeEPYC 9R14 r7a.16xlargeGraviton2 r6g.16xlargeGraviton3 r7g.16xlargeGraviton4 r8g.16xlarge2040608010043.17102.6568.2941.41-m64-mcpu=native-mcpu=native-mcpu=native1. (CXX) g++ options: -std=c++14 -O3 -ftemplate-depth-100 -fPIC -fuse-ld=bfd -Xlinker --add-needed --no-as-needed -lfoamToVTK -ldynamicMesh -llagrangian -lgenericPatchFields -lfileFormats -lOpenFOAM -ldl -lm

OpenFOAM

Input: drivaerFastback, Small Mesh Size - Mesh Time

OpenBenchmarking.orgSeconds, Fewer Is BetterOpenFOAM 10Input: drivaerFastback, Small Mesh Size - Mesh TimeEPYC 9R14 r7a.16xlargeGraviton2 r6g.16xlargeGraviton3 r7g.16xlargeGraviton4 r8g.16xlarge91827364524.7937.2924.7818.38-m64-mcpu=native-mcpu=native-mcpu=native1. (CXX) g++ options: -std=c++14 -O3 -ftemplate-depth-100 -fPIC -fuse-ld=bfd -Xlinker --add-needed --no-as-needed -lfoamToVTK -ldynamicMesh -llagrangian -lgenericPatchFields -lfileFormats -lOpenFOAM -ldl -lm

John The Ripper

Test: WPA PSK

OpenBenchmarking.orgReal C/S, More Is BetterJohn The Ripper 2023.03.14Test: WPA PSKEPYC 9R14 r7a.16xlargeGraviton2 r6g.16xlargeGraviton3 r7g.16xlargeGraviton4 r8g.16xlarge80K160K240K320K400KSE +/- 164.01, N = 3SE +/- 0.00, N = 3SE +/- 0.00, N = 3SE +/- 10.97, N = 3371747498545263157444-m641. (CC) gcc options: -lssl -lcrypto -fopenmp -lm -lrt -lz -ldl -lcrypt

Liquid-DSP

Threads: 64 - Buffer Length: 256 - Filter Length: 512

OpenBenchmarking.orgsamples/s, More Is BetterLiquid-DSP 1.6Threads: 64 - Buffer Length: 256 - Filter Length: 512EPYC 9R14 r7a.16xlargeGraviton2 r6g.16xlargeGraviton3 r7g.16xlargeGraviton4 r8g.16xlarge160M320M480M640M800MSE +/- 1140935.29, N = 3SE +/- 1503344.42, N = 3SE +/- 3333.33, N = 3SE +/- 0.00, N = 37597000001502366671663133331850000001. (CC) gcc options: -O3 -pthread -lm -lc -lliquid

John The Ripper

Test: bcrypt

OpenBenchmarking.orgReal C/S, More Is BetterJohn The Ripper 2023.03.14Test: bcryptEPYC 9R14 r7a.16xlargeGraviton2 r6g.16xlargeGraviton3 r7g.16xlargeGraviton4 r8g.16xlarge20K40K60K80K100KSE +/- 75.52, N = 3SE +/- 4.70, N = 3SE +/- 8.67, N = 3SE +/- 2.33, N = 391409452165070957038-m641. (CC) gcc options: -lssl -lcrypto -fopenmp -lm -lrt -lz -ldl -lcrypt

John The Ripper

Test: Blowfish

OpenBenchmarking.orgReal C/S, More Is BetterJohn The Ripper 2023.03.14Test: BlowfishEPYC 9R14 r7a.16xlargeGraviton2 r6g.16xlargeGraviton3 r7g.16xlargeGraviton4 r8g.16xlarge20K40K60K80K100KSE +/- 117.95, N = 3SE +/- 30.67, N = 3SE +/- 15.39, N = 3SE +/- 9.29, N = 391221452045067957032-m641. (CC) gcc options: -lssl -lcrypto -fopenmp -lm -lrt -lz -ldl -lcrypt

Liquid-DSP

Threads: 64 - Buffer Length: 256 - Filter Length: 57

OpenBenchmarking.orgsamples/s, More Is BetterLiquid-DSP 1.6Threads: 64 - Buffer Length: 256 - Filter Length: 57EPYC 9R14 r7a.16xlargeGraviton2 r6g.16xlargeGraviton3 r7g.16xlargeGraviton4 r8g.16xlarge500M1000M1500M2000M2500MSE +/- 6691619.97, N = 3SE +/- 88191.71, N = 3SE +/- 133333.33, N = 3SE +/- 33333.33, N = 325295333331173933333165473333319296666671. (CC) gcc options: -O3 -pthread -lm -lc -lliquid

Liquid-DSP

Threads: 64 - Buffer Length: 256 - Filter Length: 32

OpenBenchmarking.orgsamples/s, More Is BetterLiquid-DSP 1.6Threads: 64 - Buffer Length: 256 - Filter Length: 32EPYC 9R14 r7a.16xlargeGraviton2 r6g.16xlargeGraviton3 r7g.16xlargeGraviton4 r8g.16xlarge700M1400M2100M2800M3500MSE +/- 3199131.83, N = 3SE +/- 300000.00, N = 3SE +/- 404145.19, N = 3SE +/- 533333.33, N = 322615333331851200000257380000032587333331. (CC) gcc options: -O3 -pthread -lm -lc -lliquid

7-Zip Compression

Test: Decompression Rating

OpenBenchmarking.orgMIPS, More Is Better7-Zip Compression 24.05Test: Decompression RatingEPYC 9R14 r7a.16xlargeGraviton2 r6g.16xlargeGraviton3 r7g.16xlargeGraviton4 r8g.16xlarge70K140K210K280K350KSE +/- 148.35, N = 3SE +/- 14.19, N = 3SE +/- 70.02, N = 3SE +/- 107.45, N = 32884082320702845763315051. (CXX) g++ options: -lpthread -ldl -O2 -fPIC

7-Zip Compression

Test: Compression Rating

OpenBenchmarking.orgMIPS, More Is Better7-Zip Compression 24.05Test: Compression RatingEPYC 9R14 r7a.16xlargeGraviton2 r6g.16xlargeGraviton3 r7g.16xlargeGraviton4 r8g.16xlarge80K160K240K320K400KSE +/- 1508.30, N = 3SE +/- 252.67, N = 3SE +/- 546.41, N = 3SE +/- 397.84, N = 33209332298442967313834601. (CXX) g++ options: -lpthread -ldl -O2 -fPIC

Xcompact3d Incompact3d

Input: input.i3d 193 Cells Per Direction

OpenBenchmarking.orgSeconds, Fewer Is BetterXcompact3d Incompact3d 2021-03-11Input: input.i3d 193 Cells Per DirectionEPYC 9R14 r7a.16xlargeGraviton2 r6g.16xlargeGraviton3 r7g.16xlargeGraviton4 r8g.16xlarge612182430SE +/- 0.01638008, N = 3SE +/- 0.02637428, N = 3SE +/- 0.01649632, N = 3SE +/- 0.01884341, N = 310.9157661025.5203005013.955848407.875020661. (F9X) gfortran options: -cpp -O2 -funroll-loops -floop-optimize -fcray-pointer -fbacktrace -lmpi_usempif08 -lmpi_mpifh -lmpi -lopen-rte -lopen-pal -lhwloc -levent_core -levent_pthreads -lm -lz

srsRAN Project

Test: PDSCH Processor Benchmark, Throughput Total

OpenBenchmarking.orgMbps, More Is BettersrsRAN Project 23.10.1-20240325Test: PDSCH Processor Benchmark, Throughput TotalEPYC 9R14 r7a.16xlargeGraviton2 r6g.16xlargeGraviton3 r7g.16xlargeGraviton4 r8g.16xlarge6K12K18K24K30KSE +/- 148.22, N = 3SE +/- 19.11, N = 3SE +/- 20.13, N = 3SE +/- 34.15, N = 328256.88104.112612.614402.5-march=native -mavx2 -mavx -msse4.1 -mfma -mavx512f -mavx512cd -mavx512bw -mavx512dq1. (CXX) g++ options: -O3 -fno-trapping-math -fno-math-errno -ldl

miniFE

Problem Size: Small

OpenBenchmarking.orgCG Mflops, More Is BetterminiFE 2.2Problem Size: SmallEPYC 9R14 r7a.16xlargeGraviton2 r6g.16xlargeGraviton3 r7g.16xlargeGraviton4 r8g.16xlarge14K28K42K56K70KSE +/- 136.71, N = 3SE +/- 53.93, N = 3SE +/- 21.14, N = 3SE +/- 28.12, N = 341274.222674.036361.765410.41. (CXX) g++ options: -O3 -fopenmp -lmpi_cxx -lmpi

Phoronix Test Suite v10.8.5