Amazon Graviton a1.4xlarge ARM Linux Performance ARMv8 Cortex-A72 testing of different Linux distributions for a future article on Phoronix.com.. Amazon Linux 2: Processor: ARMv8 Cortex-A72 (16 Cores), Motherboard: Amazon EC2 a1.4xlarge (1.0 BIOS), Chipset: Amazon Device 0200, Memory: 31744MB, Disk: 52GB Amazon Elastic Block Store, Network: Amazon Elastic OS: Amazon Linux 2, Kernel: 4.14.77-81.59.amzn2.aarch64 (aarch64) 20181112, Compiler: GCC 7.3.1 20180303, File-System: xfs RHEL 7.6: Processor: ARMv8 Cortex-A72 (16 Cores), Motherboard: Amazon EC2 a1.4xlarge (1.0 BIOS), Memory: 31744MB, Disk: 52GB Amazon Elastic Block Store OS: Red Hat Enterprise Linux Server 7.6, Kernel: 4.14.0-115.2.2.el7a.aarch64 (aarch64) 20181105, Compiler: GCC 4.8.5 20150623, File-System: xfs Ubuntu 18.04 LTS: Processor: ARMv8 Cortex-A72 (16 Cores), Motherboard: Amazon EC2 a1.4xlarge (1.0 BIOS), Chipset: Amazon Device 0200, Memory: 31744MB, Disk: 52GB Amazon Elastic Block Store, Network: Amazon Elastic OS: Ubuntu 18.04, Kernel: 4.15.0-1028-aws (aarch64), Compiler: GCC 7.3.0, File-System: ext4 Ubuntu 18.10: Processor: ARMv8 Cortex-A72 (16 Cores), Motherboard: Amazon EC2 a1.4xlarge (1.0 BIOS), Chipset: Amazon Device 0200, Memory: 31744MB, Disk: 52GB Amazon Elastic Block Store, Network: Amazon Elastic OS: Ubuntu 18.10, Kernel: 4.18.0-1005-aws (aarch64), Compiler: GCC 8.2.0, File-System: ext4 Fedora 29: Processor: ARMv8 Cortex-A72 (16 Cores), Motherboard: Amazon EC2 a1.4xlarge (1.0 BIOS), Memory: 31744MB, Disk: 52GB Amazon Elastic Block Store OS: Fedora 29, Kernel: 4.19.6-300.fc29.aarch64 (aarch64) 20181202, Compiler: GCC 8.2.1 20181105, File-System: ext4 Go Benchmarks Test: http Nanoseconds/Operation < Lower Is Better Amazon Linux 2 ... 17909 |================================================== Ubuntu 18.04 LTS . 18864 |===================================================== Ubuntu 18.10 ..... 18534 |==================================================== Fedora 29 ........ 14232 |======================================== Go Benchmarks Test: json Nanoseconds/Operation < Lower Is Better Amazon Linux 2 ... 11091097 |================================================== Ubuntu 18.04 LTS . 10489165 |=============================================== Ubuntu 18.10 ..... 10697141 |================================================ Fedora 29 ........ 10730036 |================================================ Go Benchmarks Test: build Nanoseconds/Operation < Lower Is Better Amazon Linux 2 ... 32214483605 |================================== Ubuntu 18.04 LTS . 41302083584 |=========================================== Ubuntu 18.10 ..... 41396998746 |=========================================== Fedora 29 ........ 45118868336 |=============================================== Go Benchmarks Test: garbage Nanoseconds/Operation < Lower Is Better Amazon Linux 2 ... 2507157 |================================================ Ubuntu 18.04 LTS . 2592054 |================================================== Ubuntu 18.10 ..... 2640501 |=================================================== Fedora 29 ........ 2498495 |================================================ Java SciMark 2.0 Computational Test: Composite Mflops > Higher Is Better Amazon Linux 2 ... 762 |=================================================== RHEL 7.6 ......... 753 |================================================== Ubuntu 18.04 LTS . 753 |================================================== Ubuntu 18.10 ..... 772 |==================================================== Fedora 29 ........ 823 |======================================================= Bork File Encrypter 1.4 File Encryption Time Seconds < Lower Is Better Amazon Linux 2 ... 18.46 |============================================ RHEL 7.6 ......... 17.48 |========================================== Ubuntu 18.04 LTS . 21.82 |===================================================== Ubuntu 18.10 ..... 21.99 |===================================================== Fedora 29 ........ 20.15 |================================================= DaCapo Benchmark 9.12-MR1 Java Test: H2 msec < Lower Is Better Amazon Linux 2 . 7981 |======================================================= RHEL 7.6 ....... 8058 |======================================================== Fedora 29 ...... 8045 |======================================================== DaCapo Benchmark 9.12-MR1 Java Test: Jython msec < Lower Is Better Amazon Linux 2 . 11535 |================================================= RHEL 7.6 ....... 11274 |================================================ Fedora 29 ...... 12941 |======================================================= DaCapo Benchmark 9.12-MR1 Java Test: Eclipse msec < Lower Is Better Amazon Linux 2 . 42404 |======================================================= RHEL 7.6 ....... 42285 |======================================================= TTSIOD 3D Renderer 2.3b Phong Rendering With Soft-Shadow Mapping FPS > Higher Is Better Amazon Linux 2 ... 289 |====================================================== RHEL 7.6 ......... 251 |=============================================== Ubuntu 18.04 LTS . 288 |====================================================== Ubuntu 18.10 ..... 296 |======================================================= Fedora 29 ........ 294 |======================================================= GraphicsMagick 1.3.30 Operation: Rotate Iterations Per Minute > Higher Is Better Amazon Linux 2 ... 150 |======================================================= RHEL 7.6 ......... 139 |=================================================== Ubuntu 18.04 LTS . 136 |================================================== Ubuntu 18.10 ..... 136 |================================================== Fedora 29 ........ 136 |================================================== GraphicsMagick 1.3.30 Operation: Sharpen Iterations Per Minute > Higher Is Better Amazon Linux 2 ... 101 |======================================================= RHEL 7.6 ......... 94 |=================================================== Ubuntu 18.04 LTS . 97 |===================================================== Ubuntu 18.10 ..... 99 |====================================================== Fedora 29 ........ 99 |====================================================== GraphicsMagick 1.3.30 Operation: Resizing Iterations Per Minute > Higher Is Better Amazon Linux 2 ... 155 |======================================================= RHEL 7.6 ......... 140 |================================================== Ubuntu 18.04 LTS . 146 |==================================================== Ubuntu 18.10 ..... 149 |===================================================== Fedora 29 ........ 148 |===================================================== 7-Zip Compression 16.02 Compress Speed Test MIPS > Higher Is Better Amazon Linux 2 ... 26401 |===================================================== RHEL 7.6 ......... 25709 |==================================================== Ubuntu 18.04 LTS . 25405 |=================================================== Ubuntu 18.10 ..... 25707 |==================================================== Fedora 29 ........ 25814 |==================================================== asmFish 2018-07-23 1024 Hash Memory, 26 Depth Nodes/second > Higher Is Better Amazon Linux 2 ... 17532320 |================================================== Ubuntu 18.04 LTS . 15980675 |============================================== Ubuntu 18.10 ..... 15890065 |============================================= Fedora 29 ........ 16124184 |============================================== ebizzy 0.3 Records/s > Higher Is Better Amazon Linux 2 ... 67144 |=================================================== Ubuntu 18.04 LTS . 69870 |===================================================== Ubuntu 18.10 ..... 69581 |===================================================== Fedora 29 ........ 69391 |===================================================== Timed Linux Kernel Compilation 4.18 Time To Compile Seconds < Lower Is Better Amazon Linux 2 ... 310 |============================================ RHEL 7.6 ......... 271 |======================================= Ubuntu 18.04 LTS . 358 |=================================================== Ubuntu 18.10 ..... 381 |====================================================== Fedora 29 ........ 387 |======================================================= C-Ray 1.1 Total Time - 4K, 16 Rays Per Pixel Seconds < Lower Is Better Amazon Linux 2 ... 99.92 |================================================= RHEL 7.6 ......... 99.39 |================================================= Ubuntu 18.04 LTS . 103.61 |=================================================== Ubuntu 18.10 ..... 104.76 |=================================================== Fedora 29 ........ 106.55 |==================================================== Smallpt 1.0 Global Illumination Renderer; 128 Samples Seconds < Lower Is Better Amazon Linux 2 ... 22.49 |============================================== RHEL 7.6 ......... 25.96 |===================================================== Ubuntu 18.04 LTS . 22.93 |=============================================== Ubuntu 18.10 ..... 21.33 |============================================ Fedora 29 ........ 21.02 |=========================================== XZ Compression 5.2.4 Compressing ubuntu-16.04.3-server-i386.img, Compression Level 9 Seconds < Lower Is Better Amazon Linux 2 ... 119 |==================================== RHEL 7.6 ......... 130 |======================================= Ubuntu 18.04 LTS . 178 |====================================================== Ubuntu 18.10 ..... 179 |====================================================== Fedora 29 ........ 182 |======================================================= Zstd Compression 1.3.4 Compressing ubuntu-16.04.3-server-i386.img, Compression Level 19 Seconds < Lower Is Better Amazon Linux 2 ... 34.99 |============================================== RHEL 7.6 ......... 34.02 |============================================= Ubuntu 18.04 LTS . 40.15 |===================================================== Ubuntu 18.10 ..... 39.27 |==================================================== Fedora 29 ........ 39.88 |===================================================== FLAC Audio Encoding 1.3.2 WAV To FLAC Seconds < Lower Is Better Amazon Linux 2 ... 59.46 |==================================================== RHEL 7.6 ......... 56.18 |================================================== Ubuntu 18.04 LTS . 60.15 |===================================================== Ubuntu 18.10 ..... 52.80 |=============================================== Fedora 29 ........ 53.04 |=============================================== LAME MP3 Encoding 3.100 WAV To MP3 Seconds < Lower Is Better Amazon Linux 2 ... 82.28 |================================= RHEL 7.6 ......... 127.87 |==================================================== Ubuntu 18.04 LTS . 83.06 |================================== Ubuntu 18.10 ..... 82.83 |================================== Fedora 29 ........ 81.93 |================================= Perl Benchmarks Test: Pod2html Seconds < Lower Is Better Amazon Linux 2 ... 0.41776106 |============================================== RHEL 7.6 ......... 0.44019367 |================================================ Ubuntu 18.04 LTS . 0.43499515 |=============================================== Ubuntu 18.10 ..... 0.41563226 |============================================= Fedora 29 ........ 0.41640770 |============================================= Perl Benchmarks Test: Interpreter Seconds < Lower Is Better Amazon Linux 2 ... 0.00262186 |====================================== RHEL 7.6 ......... 0.00272788 |======================================== Ubuntu 18.04 LTS . 0.00242523 |==================================== Ubuntu 18.10 ..... 0.00239439 |=================================== Fedora 29 ........ 0.00327523 |================================================ PostgreSQL pgbench 10.3 Scaling: Buffer Test - Test: Normal Load - Mode: Read Only TPS > Higher Is Better Amazon Linux 2 ... 67513 |============================================== RHEL 7.6 ......... 77019 |===================================================== Ubuntu 18.04 LTS . 64664 |============================================ Ubuntu 18.10 ..... 73200 |================================================== Fedora 29 ........ 74809 |=================================================== PostgreSQL pgbench 10.3 Scaling: Buffer Test - Test: Normal Load - Mode: Read Write TPS > Higher Is Better Amazon Linux 2 ... 3176 |==================================================== RHEL 7.6 ......... 2361 |======================================= Ubuntu 18.04 LTS . 3183 |==================================================== Ubuntu 18.10 ..... 3153 |=================================================== Fedora 29 ........ 3308 |====================================================== Redis 4.0.8 Test: GET Requests Per Second > Higher Is Better Amazon Linux 2 ... 958168 |==================================================== RHEL 7.6 ......... 736198 |======================================== Ubuntu 18.04 LTS . 875076 |=============================================== Ubuntu 18.10 ..... 884555 |================================================ Fedora 29 ........ 895666 |================================================= Redis 4.0.8 Test: SET Requests Per Second > Higher Is Better Amazon Linux 2 ... 614585 |================================================== RHEL 7.6 ......... 467371 |====================================== Ubuntu 18.04 LTS . 613137 |================================================== Ubuntu 18.10 ..... 633853 |=================================================== Fedora 29 ........ 641472 |==================================================== Memcached mcperf 1.5.10 Method: Get Operations Per Second > Higher Is Better Amazon Linux 2 ... 23143 |===================================================== Ubuntu 18.04 LTS . 19583 |============================================= Ubuntu 18.10 ..... 19427 |============================================ Fedora 29 ........ 19146 |============================================ Memcached mcperf 1.5.10 Method: Set Operations Per Second > Higher Is Better Amazon Linux 2 ... 15451 |===================================================== Ubuntu 18.04 LTS . 13599 |=============================================== Ubuntu 18.10 ..... 13628 |=============================================== Fedora 29 ........ 13261 |============================================= PHPBench 0.8.1 PHP Benchmark Suite Score > Higher Is Better Amazon Linux 2 ... 67361 |===================== RHEL 7.6 ......... 61668 |=================== Ubuntu 18.04 LTS . 167432 |==================================================== Ubuntu 18.10 ..... 164544 |=================================================== Fedora 29 ........ 163263 |=================================================== Git Time To Complete Common Git Commands Seconds < Lower Is Better Amazon Linux 2 ... 14.09 |================================================= RHEL 7.6 ......... 15.12 |===================================================== Ubuntu 18.04 LTS . 14.23 |================================================== Ubuntu 18.10 ..... 13.74 |================================================ Fedora 29 ........ 14.12 |================================================= PHP Micro Benchmarks Test: Zend bench Seconds < Lower Is Better Amazon Linux 2 ... 4.34 |====================================================== RHEL 7.6 ......... 4.30 |====================================================== Ubuntu 18.04 LTS . 1.81 |======================= Ubuntu 18.10 ..... 1.88 |======================= Fedora 29 ........ 1.79 |====================== PHP Micro Benchmarks Test: Zend micro_bench Seconds < Lower Is Better Amazon Linux 2 ... 25.22 |===================================================== RHEL 7.6 ......... 19.91 |========================================== Ubuntu 18.04 LTS . 9.00 |=================== Ubuntu 18.10 ..... 9.07 |=================== Fedora 29 ........ 9.01 |=================== Systemd Total Boot Time Test: Total ms < Lower Is Better Amazon Linux 2 ... 25247 |============================= RHEL 7.6 ......... 44627 |=================================================== Ubuntu 18.04 LTS . 39715 |============================================= Ubuntu 18.10 ..... 46462 |===================================================== Fedora 29 ........ 45039 |=================================================== Systemd Total Boot Time Test: Kernel ms < Lower Is Better Amazon Linux 2 ... 3534 |=========================== RHEL 7.6 ......... 3384 |========================== Ubuntu 18.04 LTS . 6949 |====================================================== Ubuntu 18.10 ..... 6929 |====================================================== Fedora 29 ........ 3854 |============================== Systemd Total Boot Time Test: Userspace ms < Lower Is Better Amazon Linux 2 ... 21713 |============================ RHEL 7.6 ......... 41243 |===================================================== Ubuntu 18.04 LTS . 32766 |========================================== Ubuntu 18.10 ..... 39533 |=================================================== Fedora 29 ........ 41185 |=====================================================