Btrfs RAID Linux 4.7 vs. Linux 4.8 Kernel Btrfs RAID tests on Linux 4.7 kernel. Benchmarks by Michael Larabel for a future article on Phoronix.com. Linux 4.7: Single Disk: Processor: Intel Xeon E3-1280 v5 @ 4.00GHz (8 Cores), Motherboard: MSI C236A WORKSTATION (MS-7998) v1.0, Chipset: Intel Skylake, Memory: 16384MB, Disk: 4 x 120GB TOSHIBA-TR150 + Samsung SSD 950 PRO 256GB, Graphics: LLVMpipe, Audio: Realtek ALC1150, Network: Intel Connection OS: Ubuntu 16.10, Kernel: 4.7.0-040700-generic (x86_64), Desktop: Unity 7.5.0, Display Server: X Server 1.18.4, Display Driver: modesetting 1.18.4, OpenGL: 3.3 Mesa 12.0.1 Gallium 0.4, Compiler: GCC 6.1.1 20160724, File-System: btrfs, Screen Resolution: 1024x768 Linux 4.7: RAID0 4-Disk: Processor: Intel Xeon E3-1280 v5 @ 4.00GHz (8 Cores), Motherboard: MSI C236A WORKSTATION (MS-7998) v1.0, Chipset: Intel Skylake, Memory: 16384MB, Disk: 4 x 120GB TOSHIBA-TR150 + Samsung SSD 950 PRO 256GB, Graphics: LLVMpipe, Audio: Realtek ALC1150, Network: Intel Connection OS: Ubuntu 16.10, Kernel: 4.7.0-040700-generic (x86_64), Desktop: Unity 7.5.0, Display Server: X Server 1.18.4, Display Driver: nouveau 1.0.12, OpenGL: 3.3 Mesa 12.0.1 Gallium 0.4, Compiler: GCC 6.1.1 20160724, File-System: btrfs, Screen Resolution: 1024x768 Linux 4.7: RAID1 4-Disk: Processor: Intel Xeon E3-1280 v5 @ 4.00GHz (8 Cores), Motherboard: MSI C236A WORKSTATION (MS-7998) v1.0, Chipset: Intel Skylake, Memory: 16384MB, Disk: 4 x 120GB TOSHIBA-TR150 + Samsung SSD 950 PRO 256GB, Graphics: LLVMpipe, Audio: Realtek ALC1150, Network: Intel Connection OS: Ubuntu 16.10, Kernel: 4.7.0-040700-generic (x86_64), Desktop: Unity 7.5.0, Display Server: X Server 1.18.4, Display Driver: nouveau 1.0.12, OpenGL: 3.3 Mesa 12.0.1 Gallium 0.4, Compiler: GCC 6.1.1 20160724, File-System: btrfs, Screen Resolution: 1024x768 Linux 4.7: RAID10 4-Disk: Processor: Intel Xeon E3-1280 v5 @ 4.00GHz (8 Cores), Motherboard: MSI C236A WORKSTATION (MS-7998) v1.0, Chipset: Intel Skylake, Memory: 16384MB, Disk: 4 x 120GB TOSHIBA-TR150 + Samsung SSD 950 PRO 256GB, Graphics: LLVMpipe, Audio: Realtek ALC1150, Network: Intel Connection OS: Ubuntu 16.10, Kernel: 4.7.0-040700-generic (x86_64), Desktop: Unity 7.5.0, Display Server: X Server 1.18.4, Display Driver: nouveau 1.0.12, OpenGL: 3.3 Mesa 12.0.1 Gallium 0.4, Compiler: GCC 6.1.1 20160724, File-System: btrfs, Screen Resolution: 1024x768 Linux 4.8: Single Disk: Processor: Intel Xeon E3-1280 v5 @ 4.00GHz (8 Cores), Motherboard: MSI C236A WORKSTATION (MS-7998) v1.0, Chipset: Intel Skylake, Memory: 16384MB, Disk: 4 x 120GB TOSHIBA-TR150 + Samsung SSD 950 PRO 256GB, Graphics: Sapphire AMD Radeon R9 FURY / NANO 4096MB, Audio: Realtek ALC1150, Monitor: Acer B286HK, Network: Intel Connection OS: Ubuntu 16.10, Kernel: 4.8.0-999-generic (x86_64) 20160813, Desktop: Unity 7.5.0, Display Server: X Server 1.18.4, Display Driver: modesetting 1.18.4, OpenGL: 4.3 Mesa 12.1.0-devel- padoka PPA Gallium 0.4, Compiler: GCC 6.1.1 20160805, File-System: btrfs, Screen Resolution: 3840x2160 Linux 4.8: RAID0 4-Disk: Processor: Intel Xeon E3-1280 v5 @ 4.00GHz (8 Cores), Motherboard: MSI C236A WORKSTATION (MS-7998) v1.0, Chipset: Intel Skylake, Memory: 16384MB, Disk: 4 x 120GB TOSHIBA-TR150 + Samsung SSD 950 PRO 256GB, Graphics: Sapphire AMD Radeon R9 FURY / NANO 4096MB, Audio: Realtek ALC1150, Monitor: Acer B286HK, Network: Intel Connection OS: Ubuntu 16.10, Kernel: 4.8.0-999-generic (x86_64) 20160813, Desktop: Unity 7.5.0, Display Server: X Server 1.18.4, Display Driver: modesetting 1.18.4, OpenGL: 4.3 Mesa 12.1.0-devel- padoka PPA Gallium 0.4, Compiler: GCC 6.1.1 20160805, File-System: btrfs, Screen Resolution: 3840x2160 Linux 4.8: RAID1 4-Disk: Processor: Intel Xeon E3-1280 v5 @ 4.00GHz (8 Cores), Motherboard: MSI C236A WORKSTATION (MS-7998) v1.0, Chipset: Intel Skylake, Memory: 16384MB, Disk: 4 x 120GB TOSHIBA-TR150 + Samsung SSD 950 PRO 256GB, Graphics: Sapphire AMD Radeon R9 FURY / NANO 4096MB, Audio: Realtek ALC1150, Monitor: Acer B286HK, Network: Intel Connection OS: Ubuntu 16.10, Kernel: 4.8.0-999-generic (x86_64) 20160813, Desktop: Unity 7.5.0, Display Server: X Server 1.18.4, Display Driver: modesetting 1.18.4, OpenGL: 4.3 Mesa 12.1.0-devel- padoka PPA Gallium 0.4, Compiler: GCC 6.1.1 20160805, File-System: btrfs, Screen Resolution: 3840x2160 Linux 4.8: RAID10 4-Disk: Processor: Intel Xeon E3-1280 v5 @ 4.00GHz (8 Cores), Motherboard: MSI C236A WORKSTATION (MS-7998) v1.0, Chipset: Intel Skylake, Memory: 16384MB, Disk: 4 x 120GB TOSHIBA-TR150 + Samsung SSD 950 PRO 256GB, Graphics: Sapphire AMD Radeon R9 FURY / NANO 4096MB, Audio: Realtek ALC1150, Monitor: Acer B286HK, Network: Intel Connection OS: Ubuntu 16.10, Kernel: 4.8.0-999-generic (x86_64) 20160813, Desktop: Unity 7.5.0, Display Server: X Server 1.18.4, Display Driver: modesetting 1.18.4, OpenGL: 4.3 Mesa 12.1.0-devel- padoka PPA Gallium 0.4, Compiler: GCC 6.1.1 20160805, File-System: btrfs, Screen Resolution: 3840x2160 Flexible IO Tester 2.1.13 Type: Random Read - IO Engine: Libaio - Buffered: No - Direct: Yes - Block Size: 4KB - Disk Target: Default Test Directory - Result: IOPS IOPS > Higher Is Better Linux 4.7: Single Disk ... 54548 |============== Linux 4.7: RAID0 4-Disk .. 164240 |========================================== Linux 4.7: RAID1 4-Disk .. 71902 |=================== Linux 4.7: RAID10 4-Disk . 108058 |============================ Linux 4.8: Single Disk ... 54819 |============== Linux 4.8: RAID0 4-Disk .. 170657 |============================================ Linux 4.8: RAID1 4-Disk .. 71253 |================== Linux 4.8: RAID10 4-Disk . 106252 |=========================== Flexible IO Tester 2.1.13 Type: Random Read - IO Engine: Libaio - Buffered: No - Direct: Yes - Block Size: 4KB - Disk Target: Default Test Directory - Result: MB/s MB/s > Higher Is Better Linux 4.7: Single Disk ... 217.54 |============== Linux 4.7: RAID0 4-Disk .. 667.68 |=========================================== Linux 4.7: RAID1 4-Disk .. 283.99 |================== Linux 4.7: RAID10 4-Disk . 431.17 |============================ Linux 4.8: Single Disk ... 217.98 |============== Linux 4.8: RAID0 4-Disk .. 685.31 |============================================ Linux 4.8: RAID1 4-Disk .. 284.64 |================== Linux 4.8: RAID10 4-Disk . 425.77 |=========================== Flexible IO Tester 2.1.13 Type: Sequential Read - IO Engine: Libaio - Buffered: No - Direct: Yes - Block Size: 4KB - Disk Target: Default Test Directory - Result: IOPS IOPS > Higher Is Better Linux 4.7: Single Disk ... 61515 |=============== Linux 4.7: RAID0 4-Disk .. 181495 |============================================ Linux 4.7: RAID1 4-Disk .. 114380 |============================ Linux 4.7: RAID10 4-Disk . 162847 |======================================= Linux 4.8: Single Disk ... 115278 |============================ Linux 4.8: RAID0 4-Disk .. 182660 |============================================ Linux 4.8: RAID1 4-Disk .. 114843 |============================ Linux 4.8: RAID10 4-Disk . 137363 |================================= Flexible IO Tester 2.1.13 Type: Sequential Read - IO Engine: Libaio - Buffered: No - Direct: Yes - Block Size: 4KB - Disk Target: Default Test Directory - Result: MB/s MB/s > Higher Is Better Linux 4.7: Single Disk ... 248.70 |=============== Linux 4.7: RAID0 4-Disk .. 738.69 |============================================ Linux 4.7: RAID1 4-Disk .. 464.23 |============================ Linux 4.7: RAID10 4-Disk . 655.82 |======================================= Linux 4.8: Single Disk ... 459.41 |=========================== Linux 4.8: RAID0 4-Disk .. 698.27 |========================================== Linux 4.8: RAID1 4-Disk .. 459.30 |=========================== Linux 4.8: RAID10 4-Disk . 552.75 |================================= Flexible IO Tester 2.1.13 Type: Sequential Write - IO Engine: Libaio - Buffered: No - Direct: Yes - Block Size: 4KB - Disk Target: Default Test Directory - Result: IOPS IOPS > Higher Is Better Linux 4.7: Single Disk ... 24820 |====================== Linux 4.7: RAID0 4-Disk .. 38625 |================================== Linux 4.7: RAID1 4-Disk .. 26303 |======================= Linux 4.7: RAID10 4-Disk . 24596 |====================== Linux 4.8: Single Disk ... 22009 |=================== Linux 4.8: RAID0 4-Disk .. 51224 |============================================= Linux 4.8: RAID1 4-Disk .. 33213 |============================= Linux 4.8: RAID10 4-Disk . 33819 |============================== Flexible IO Tester 2.1.13 Type: Sequential Write - IO Engine: Libaio - Buffered: No - Direct: Yes - Block Size: 4KB - Disk Target: Default Test Directory - Result: MB/s MB/s > Higher Is Better Linux 4.7: Single Disk ... 98.53 |====================== Linux 4.7: RAID0 4-Disk .. 162.02 |==================================== Linux 4.7: RAID1 4-Disk .. 116.01 |========================== Linux 4.7: RAID10 4-Disk . 90.71 |==================== Linux 4.8: Single Disk ... 98.49 |====================== Linux 4.8: RAID0 4-Disk .. 195.51 |============================================ Linux 4.8: RAID1 4-Disk .. 137.09 |=============================== Linux 4.8: RAID10 4-Disk . 130.02 |============================= FS-Mark 3.3 Test: 1000 Files, 1MB Size Files/s > Higher Is Better Linux 4.7: Single Disk ... 57.35 |================= Linux 4.7: RAID0 4-Disk .. 128.63 |======================================= Linux 4.7: RAID1 4-Disk .. 87.97 |========================== Linux 4.7: RAID10 4-Disk . 39.50 |============ Linux 4.8: Single Disk ... 62.43 |=================== Linux 4.8: RAID0 4-Disk .. 146.72 |============================================ Linux 4.8: RAID1 4-Disk .. 54.28 |================ Linux 4.8: RAID10 4-Disk . 68.98 |===================== FS-Mark 3.3 Test: 5000 Files, 1MB Size, 4 Threads Files/s > Higher Is Better Linux 4.7: Single Disk ... 50.00 |================ Linux 4.7: RAID0 4-Disk .. 141.73 |============================================ Linux 4.7: RAID1 4-Disk .. 60.87 |=================== Linux 4.7: RAID10 4-Disk . 67.60 |===================== Linux 4.8: Single Disk ... 49.73 |=============== Linux 4.8: RAID0 4-Disk .. 128.87 |======================================== Linux 4.8: RAID1 4-Disk .. 59.87 |=================== Linux 4.8: RAID10 4-Disk . 70.48 |====================== BlogBench 1.0 Test: Write Final Score > Higher Is Better Linux 4.7: Single Disk ... 4347 |======================== Linux 4.7: RAID0 4-Disk .. 7847 |=========================================== Linux 4.7: RAID1 4-Disk .. 5521 |============================== Linux 4.7: RAID10 4-Disk . 5974 |================================ Linux 4.8: Single Disk ... 4930 |=========================== Linux 4.8: RAID0 4-Disk .. 8467 |============================================== Linux 4.8: RAID1 4-Disk .. 5898 |================================ Linux 4.8: RAID10 4-Disk . 6899 |===================================== PostgreSQL pgbench 9.4.3 Scaling: On-Disk - Test: Normal Load - Mode: Read Write TPS > Higher Is Better Linux 4.7: Single Disk ... 1109.05 |=========================== Linux 4.7: RAID0 4-Disk .. 1781.17 |=========================================== Linux 4.7: RAID1 4-Disk .. 1186.65 |============================= Linux 4.7: RAID10 4-Disk . 1494.37 |==================================== Linux 4.8: Single Disk ... 984.49 |======================== Linux 4.8: RAID0 4-Disk .. 1488.76 |==================================== Linux 4.8: RAID1 4-Disk .. 933.61 |======================= Linux 4.8: RAID10 4-Disk . 1401.13 |==================================