Ubuntu 14.04 Disk Encryption Benchmarks

Disk encryption benchmarks by Michael Larabel for a future article on Phoronix.com... Stock (no encryption), eCryptfs home encryption, and LUKS-based LVM encryption...

Compare your own system(s) to this result file with the Phoronix Test Suite by running the command: phoronix-test-suite benchmark 1403072-PL-ENCRYPTIO66
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March 07 2014
 
Full-Disk Encryption
March 07 2014
 
Home Directory Encryption
March 07 2014
 
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Stock

Processor: Intel Core i7-3517U @ 1.90GHz (4 Cores), Motherboard: ASUS UX32VDA v1.0, Chipset: Intel 3rd Gen Core DRAM, Memory: 4096MB, Disk: 2 x 128GB SanDisk SD5SF212, Graphics: Intel HD 4000 512MB (1150MHz), Audio: Realtek ALC269VB, Network: Intel Centrino Advanced-N 6235

OS: Ubuntu 14.04, Kernel: 3.13.0-16-generic (x86_64), Desktop: Unity 7.1.2, Display Server: X Server 1.15.0, Display Driver: intel 2.99.910, OpenGL: 3.3 Mesa 10.1.0-rc3, Compiler: GCC 4.8, File-System: ext4, Screen Resolution: 1920x1080

Compiler Notes: --build=x86_64-linux-gnu --disable-browser-plugin --disable-libmudflap --disable-werror --enable-checking=release --enable-clocale=gnu --enable-gnu-unique-object --enable-gtk-cairo --enable-java-awt=gtk --enable-java-home --enable-languages=c,c++,java,go,d,fortran,objc,obj-c++ --enable-libstdcxx-debug --enable-libstdcxx-time=yes --enable-multiarch --enable-nls --enable-objc-gc --enable-plugin --enable-shared --enable-threads=posix --host=x86_64-linux-gnu --target=x86_64-linux-gnu --with-abi=m64 --with-arch-32=i686 --with-arch-directory=amd64 --with-multilib-list=m32,m64,mx32 --with-tune=generic -v
Disk Notes: DEADLINE / data=ordered,errors=remount-ro,relatime,rw
Processor Notes: Scaling Governor: acpi-cpufreq ondemand
System Notes: Disk Scheduler: DEADLINE. Python 2.7.6.

Full-Disk Encryption

OS: Ubuntu 14.04, Kernel: 3.13.0-16-generic (x86_64), Desktop: Unity 7.1.2, Display Server: X Server 1.15.0, Display Driver: intel 2.99.910, Compiler: GCC 4.8, File-System: ext4, Screen Resolution: 1920x1080

Home Directory Encryption

OS: Ubuntu 14.04, Kernel: 3.13.0-16-generic (x86_64), Desktop: Unity 7.1.2, Display Server: X Server 1.15.0, Display Driver: intel 2.99.910, OpenGL: 3.3 Mesa 10.1.0-rc3, Compiler: GCC 4.8, File-System: ext4 (ecryptfs), Screen Resolution: 1920x1080

Compiler Notes: --build=x86_64-linux-gnu --disable-browser-plugin --disable-libmudflap --disable-werror --enable-checking=release --enable-clocale=gnu --enable-gnu-unique-object --enable-gtk-cairo --enable-java-awt=gtk --enable-java-home --enable-languages=c,c++,java,go,d,fortran,objc,obj-c++ --enable-libstdcxx-debug --enable-libstdcxx-time=yes --enable-multiarch --enable-nls --enable-objc-gc --enable-plugin --enable-shared --enable-threads=posix --host=x86_64-linux-gnu --target=x86_64-linux-gnu --with-abi=m64 --with-arch-32=i686 --with-arch-directory=amd64 --with-multilib-list=m32,m64,mx32 --with-tune=generic -v
Disk Notes: DEADLINE / ecryptfs_cipher=aes,ecryptfs_fnek_sig=c2f9ee110bf9e0e1,ecryptfs_key_bytes=16,ecryptfs_sig=ecb49ec787a762a8,ecryptfs_unlink_sigs,nodev,nosuid,relatime,rw
Processor Notes: Scaling Governor: acpi-cpufreq ondemand
System Notes: Disk Scheduler: DEADLINE. Python 2.7.6.

Ubuntu 14.04 Disk Encryption BenchmarksProcessorMotherboardChipsetMemoryDiskGraphicsAudioNetworkOSKernelDesktopDisplay ServerDisplay DriverOpenGLCompilerFile-SystemScreen ResolutionStockFull-Disk EncryptionHome Directory EncryptionIntel Core i7-3517U @ 1.90GHz (4 Cores)ASUS UX32VDA v1.0Intel 3rd Gen Core DRAM4096MB2 x 128GB SanDisk SD5SF212Intel HD 4000 512MB (1150MHz)Realtek ALC269VBIntel Centrino Advanced-N 6235Ubuntu 14.043.13.0-16-generic (x86_64)Unity 7.1.2X Server 1.15.0intel 2.99.9103.3 Mesa 10.1.0-rc3GCC 4.8ext41920x10803.3 Mesa 10.1.0-rc3ext4 (ecryptfs)OpenBenchmarking.orgCompiler Details- --build=x86_64-linux-gnu --disable-browser-plugin --disable-libmudflap --disable-werror --enable-checking=release --enable-clocale=gnu --enable-gnu-unique-object --enable-gtk-cairo --enable-java-awt=gtk --enable-java-home --enable-languages=c,c++,java,go,d,fortran,objc,obj-c++ --enable-libstdcxx-debug --enable-libstdcxx-time=yes --enable-multiarch --enable-nls --enable-objc-gc --enable-plugin --enable-shared --enable-threads=posix --host=x86_64-linux-gnu --target=x86_64-linux-gnu --with-abi=m64 --with-arch-32=i686 --with-arch-directory=amd64 --with-multilib-list=m32,m64,mx32 --with-tune=generic -v Disk Details- Stock: DEADLINE / data=ordered,errors=remount-ro,relatime,rw- Full-Disk Encryption: DEADLINE / data=ordered,errors=remount-ro,relatime,rw- Home Directory Encryption: DEADLINE / ecryptfs_cipher=aes,ecryptfs_fnek_sig=c2f9ee110bf9e0e1,ecryptfs_key_bytes=16,ecryptfs_sig=ecb49ec787a762a8,ecryptfs_unlink_sigs,nodev,nosuid,relatime,rw Processor Details- Scaling Governor: acpi-cpufreq ondemandSystem Details- Disk Scheduler: DEADLINE. Python 2.7.6.

StockFull-Disk EncryptionHome Directory EncryptionResult OverviewPhoronix Test Suite100%143%186%229%272%Compile BenchPostMarkDbenchFS-MarkTimed Linux Kernel CompilationTimed Apache Compilation

Ubuntu 14.04 Disk Encryption Benchmarkspostmark: Disk Transaction Performancebuild-linux-kernel: Time To Compilebuild-apache: Time To Compilefs-mark: 1000 Files, 1MB Sizefs-mark: 5000 Files, 1MB Size, 4 Threadsfs-mark: 4000 Files, 32 Sub Dirs, 1MB Sizedbench: 1compilebench: Initial Createcompilebench: Compilecompilebench: Read Compiled TreeStockFull-Disk EncryptionHome Directory Encryption1789238.4164.2250.73134.2750.6091.86172.27221.47584.511376242.7864.9547.73132.2047.5390.77165.59219.43554.63901241.7265.1740.83103.2040.4070.5270.64189.7882.71OpenBenchmarking.org

PostMark

This is a test of NetApp's PostMark benchmark designed to simulate small-file testing similar to the tasks endured by web and mail servers. This test profile will set PostMark to perform 25,000 transactions with 500 files simultaneously with the file sizes ranging between 5 and 512 kilobytes. Learn more via the OpenBenchmarking.org test page.

OpenBenchmarking.orgTPS, More Is BetterPostMark 1.51Disk Transaction PerformanceStockFull-Disk EncryptionHome Directory Encryption400800120016002000SE +/- 4.33, N = 3SE +/- 6.49, N = 3SE +/- 1.00, N = 3178913769011. (CC) gcc options: -O3
OpenBenchmarking.orgTPS, More Is BetterPostMark 1.51Disk Transaction PerformanceStockFull-Disk EncryptionHome Directory Encryption30060090012001500Min: 1785 / Avg: 1789.33 / Max: 1798Min: 1366 / Avg: 1375.67 / Max: 1388Min: 899 / Avg: 901 / Max: 9021. (CC) gcc options: -O3

MinAvgMaxStock0.316.221.8Full-Disk Encryption2.025.539.0Home Directory Encryption1.823.035.3OpenBenchmarking.orgPercent, Fewer Is BetterPostMark 1.51CPU Usage Monitor1122334455

Timed Linux Kernel Compilation

OpenBenchmarking.orgSeconds, Fewer Is BetterTimed Linux Kernel Compilation 3.1Time To CompileStockFull-Disk EncryptionHome Directory Encryption50100150200250SE +/- 9.61, N = 3SE +/- 9.74, N = 3SE +/- 8.87, N = 3238.41242.78241.72
OpenBenchmarking.orgSeconds, Fewer Is BetterTimed Linux Kernel Compilation 3.1Time To CompileStockFull-Disk EncryptionHome Directory Encryption4080120160200Min: 227.63 / Avg: 238.41 / Max: 257.59Min: 232.05 / Avg: 242.78 / Max: 262.23Min: 231.82 / Avg: 241.72 / Max: 259.42

MinAvgMaxStock0.894.7100.0Full-Disk Encryption2.395.3100.0Home Directory Encryption1.394.5100.0OpenBenchmarking.orgPercent, Fewer Is BetterTimed Linux Kernel Compilation 3.1CPU Usage Monitor20406080100

Timed Apache Compilation

OpenBenchmarking.orgSeconds, Fewer Is BetterTimed Apache Compilation 2.4.7Time To CompileStockFull-Disk EncryptionHome Directory Encryption1530456075SE +/- 0.03, N = 3SE +/- 0.21, N = 3SE +/- 0.15, N = 364.2264.9565.17
OpenBenchmarking.orgSeconds, Fewer Is BetterTimed Apache Compilation 2.4.7Time To CompileStockFull-Disk EncryptionHome Directory Encryption1326395265Min: 64.17 / Avg: 64.22 / Max: 64.27Min: 64.7 / Avg: 64.95 / Max: 65.37Min: 64.87 / Avg: 65.17 / Max: 65.32

MinAvgMaxStock0.563.0100.0Full-Disk Encryption2.365.2100.0Home Directory Encryption1.365.9100.0OpenBenchmarking.orgPercent, Fewer Is BetterTimed Apache Compilation 2.4.7CPU Usage Monitor20406080100

FS-Mark

OpenBenchmarking.orgFiles/s, More Is BetterFS-Mark 3.3Test: 1000 Files, 1MB SizeStockFull-Disk EncryptionHome Directory Encryption1122334455SE +/- 0.12, N = 3SE +/- 0.24, N = 3SE +/- 0.22, N = 350.7347.7340.831. (CC) gcc options: -static
OpenBenchmarking.orgFiles/s, More Is BetterFS-Mark 3.3Test: 1000 Files, 1MB SizeStockFull-Disk EncryptionHome Directory Encryption1020304050Min: 50.5 / Avg: 50.73 / Max: 50.9Min: 47.4 / Avg: 47.73 / Max: 48.2Min: 40.4 / Avg: 40.83 / Max: 41.11. (CC) gcc options: -static

MinAvgMaxStock0.36.57.4Full-Disk Encryption2.511.513.8Home Directory Encryption1.010.713.9OpenBenchmarking.orgPercent, Fewer Is BetterFS-Mark 3.3CPU Usage Monitor510152025

OpenBenchmarking.orgFiles/s, More Is BetterFS-Mark 3.3Test: 5000 Files, 1MB Size, 4 ThreadsStockFull-Disk EncryptionHome Directory Encryption306090120150SE +/- 0.74, N = 3SE +/- 0.10, N = 3SE +/- 0.44, N = 3134.27132.20103.201. (CC) gcc options: -static
OpenBenchmarking.orgFiles/s, More Is BetterFS-Mark 3.3Test: 5000 Files, 1MB Size, 4 ThreadsStockFull-Disk EncryptionHome Directory Encryption306090120150Min: 132.8 / Avg: 134.27 / Max: 135.2Min: 132 / Avg: 132.2 / Max: 132.3Min: 102.5 / Avg: 103.2 / Max: 1041. (CC) gcc options: -static

MinAvgMaxStock0.313.141.3Full-Disk Encryption2.323.646.3Home Directory Encryption1.825.629.7OpenBenchmarking.orgPercent, Fewer Is BetterFS-Mark 3.3CPU Usage Monitor1224364860

OpenBenchmarking.orgFiles/s, More Is BetterFS-Mark 3.3Test: 4000 Files, 32 Sub Dirs, 1MB SizeStockFull-Disk EncryptionHome Directory Encryption1122334455SE +/- 0.17, N = 3SE +/- 0.26, N = 3SE +/- 0.12, N = 350.6047.5340.401. (CC) gcc options: -static
OpenBenchmarking.orgFiles/s, More Is BetterFS-Mark 3.3Test: 4000 Files, 32 Sub Dirs, 1MB SizeStockFull-Disk EncryptionHome Directory Encryption1020304050Min: 50.3 / Avg: 50.6 / Max: 50.9Min: 47.1 / Avg: 47.53 / Max: 48Min: 40.2 / Avg: 40.4 / Max: 40.61. (CC) gcc options: -static

MinAvgMaxStock6.27.514.7Full-Disk Encryption2.312.113.8Home Directory Encryption1.311.913.2OpenBenchmarking.orgPercent, Fewer Is BetterFS-Mark 3.3CPU Usage Monitor510152025

Dbench

Dbench is a benchmark designed by the Samba project as a free alternative to netbench, but dbench contains only file-system calls for testing the disk performance. Learn more via the OpenBenchmarking.org test page.

OpenBenchmarking.orgMB/s, More Is BetterDbench 4.0Client Count: 1StockFull-Disk EncryptionHome Directory Encryption20406080100SE +/- 0.42, N = 3SE +/- 0.07, N = 3SE +/- 0.03, N = 391.8690.7770.521. (CC) gcc options: -lpopt -O2
OpenBenchmarking.orgMB/s, More Is BetterDbench 4.0Client Count: 1StockFull-Disk EncryptionHome Directory Encryption20406080100Min: 91.06 / Avg: 91.86 / Max: 92.49Min: 90.64 / Avg: 90.77 / Max: 90.9Min: 70.45 / Avg: 70.52 / Max: 70.561. (CC) gcc options: -lpopt -O2

MinAvgMaxStock0.312.017.2Full-Disk Encryption2.314.422.5Home Directory Encryption1.016.022.8OpenBenchmarking.orgPercent, Fewer Is BetterDbench 4.0CPU Usage Monitor612182430

Compile Bench

Compilebench tries to age a filesystem by simulating some of the disk IO common in creating, compiling, patching, stating and reading kernel trees. It indirectly measures how well filesystems can maintain directory locality as the disk fills up and directories age. This current test is setup to use the makej mode with 10 initial directories Learn more via the OpenBenchmarking.org test page.

OpenBenchmarking.orgMB/s, More Is BetterCompile Bench 0.6Test: Initial CreateStockFull-Disk EncryptionHome Directory Encryption4080120160200SE +/- 1.76, N = 3SE +/- 1.10, N = 3SE +/- 0.56, N = 3172.27165.5970.64
OpenBenchmarking.orgMB/s, More Is BetterCompile Bench 0.6Test: Initial CreateStockFull-Disk EncryptionHome Directory Encryption306090120150Min: 168.96 / Avg: 172.27 / Max: 174.96Min: 163.97 / Avg: 165.59 / Max: 167.7Min: 69.93 / Avg: 70.64 / Max: 71.75

MinAvgMaxStock0.318.634.2Full-Disk Encryption2.033.673.6Home Directory Encryption2.520.743.0OpenBenchmarking.orgPercent, Fewer Is BetterCompile Bench 0.6CPU Usage Monitor20406080100

OpenBenchmarking.orgMB/s, More Is BetterCompile Bench 0.6Test: CompileStockFull-Disk EncryptionHome Directory Encryption50100150200250SE +/- 0.55, N = 3SE +/- 0.78, N = 3SE +/- 1.78, N = 3221.47219.43189.78
OpenBenchmarking.orgMB/s, More Is BetterCompile Bench 0.6Test: CompileStockFull-Disk EncryptionHome Directory Encryption4080120160200Min: 220.45 / Avg: 221.47 / Max: 222.33Min: 217.99 / Avg: 219.43 / Max: 220.66Min: 186.47 / Avg: 189.78 / Max: 192.58

OpenBenchmarking.orgMB/s, More Is BetterCompile Bench 0.6Test: Read Compiled TreeStockFull-Disk EncryptionHome Directory Encryption130260390520650SE +/- 2.80, N = 3SE +/- 2.72, N = 3SE +/- 0.35, N = 3584.51554.6382.71
OpenBenchmarking.orgMB/s, More Is BetterCompile Bench 0.6Test: Read Compiled TreeStockFull-Disk EncryptionHome Directory Encryption100200300400500Min: 578.91 / Avg: 584.51 / Max: 587.55Min: 551.87 / Avg: 554.63 / Max: 560.08Min: 82.09 / Avg: 82.71 / Max: 83.31

CPU Usage Monitor

OpenBenchmarking.orgPercentCPU Usage MonitorPhoronix Test Suite System MonitoringStockFull-Disk EncryptionHome Directory Encryption20406080100Min: 0.25 / Avg: 26.7 / Max: 100Min: 1.27 / Avg: 31.73 / Max: 100Min: 0.75 / Avg: 30.25 / Max: 100

Stock

Processor: Intel Core i7-3517U @ 1.90GHz (4 Cores), Motherboard: ASUS UX32VDA v1.0, Chipset: Intel 3rd Gen Core DRAM, Memory: 4096MB, Disk: 2 x 128GB SanDisk SD5SF212, Graphics: Intel HD 4000 512MB (1150MHz), Audio: Realtek ALC269VB, Network: Intel Centrino Advanced-N 6235

OS: Ubuntu 14.04, Kernel: 3.13.0-16-generic (x86_64), Desktop: Unity 7.1.2, Display Server: X Server 1.15.0, Display Driver: intel 2.99.910, OpenGL: 3.3 Mesa 10.1.0-rc3, Compiler: GCC 4.8, File-System: ext4, Screen Resolution: 1920x1080

Compiler Notes: --build=x86_64-linux-gnu --disable-browser-plugin --disable-libmudflap --disable-werror --enable-checking=release --enable-clocale=gnu --enable-gnu-unique-object --enable-gtk-cairo --enable-java-awt=gtk --enable-java-home --enable-languages=c,c++,java,go,d,fortran,objc,obj-c++ --enable-libstdcxx-debug --enable-libstdcxx-time=yes --enable-multiarch --enable-nls --enable-objc-gc --enable-plugin --enable-shared --enable-threads=posix --host=x86_64-linux-gnu --target=x86_64-linux-gnu --with-abi=m64 --with-arch-32=i686 --with-arch-directory=amd64 --with-multilib-list=m32,m64,mx32 --with-tune=generic -v
Disk Notes: DEADLINE / data=ordered,errors=remount-ro,relatime,rw
Processor Notes: Scaling Governor: acpi-cpufreq ondemand
System Notes: Disk Scheduler: DEADLINE. Python 2.7.6.

Testing initiated at 7 March 2014 12:43 by user phoronix.

Full-Disk Encryption

Processor: Intel Core i7-3517U @ 1.90GHz (4 Cores), Motherboard: ASUS UX32VDA v1.0, Chipset: Intel 3rd Gen Core DRAM, Memory: 4096MB, Disk: 2 x 128GB SanDisk SD5SF212, Graphics: Intel HD 4000 512MB (1150MHz), Audio: Realtek ALC269VB, Network: Intel Centrino Advanced-N 6235

OS: Ubuntu 14.04, Kernel: 3.13.0-16-generic (x86_64), Desktop: Unity 7.1.2, Display Server: X Server 1.15.0, Display Driver: intel 2.99.910, Compiler: GCC 4.8, File-System: ext4, Screen Resolution: 1920x1080

Compiler Notes: --build=x86_64-linux-gnu --disable-browser-plugin --disable-libmudflap --disable-werror --enable-checking=release --enable-clocale=gnu --enable-gnu-unique-object --enable-gtk-cairo --enable-java-awt=gtk --enable-java-home --enable-languages=c,c++,java,go,d,fortran,objc,obj-c++ --enable-libstdcxx-debug --enable-libstdcxx-time=yes --enable-multiarch --enable-nls --enable-objc-gc --enable-plugin --enable-shared --enable-threads=posix --host=x86_64-linux-gnu --target=x86_64-linux-gnu --with-abi=m64 --with-arch-32=i686 --with-arch-directory=amd64 --with-multilib-list=m32,m64,mx32 --with-tune=generic -v
Disk Notes: DEADLINE / data=ordered,errors=remount-ro,relatime,rw
Processor Notes: Scaling Governor: acpi-cpufreq ondemand
System Notes: Disk Scheduler: DEADLINE. Python 2.7.6.

Testing initiated at 7 March 2014 14:42 by user phoronix.

Home Directory Encryption

Processor: Intel Core i7-3517U @ 1.90GHz (4 Cores), Motherboard: ASUS UX32VDA v1.0, Chipset: Intel 3rd Gen Core DRAM, Memory: 4096MB, Disk: 2 x 128GB SanDisk SD5SF212, Graphics: Intel HD 4000 512MB (1150MHz), Audio: Realtek ALC269VB, Network: Intel Centrino Advanced-N 6235

OS: Ubuntu 14.04, Kernel: 3.13.0-16-generic (x86_64), Desktop: Unity 7.1.2, Display Server: X Server 1.15.0, Display Driver: intel 2.99.910, OpenGL: 3.3 Mesa 10.1.0-rc3, Compiler: GCC 4.8, File-System: ext4 (ecryptfs), Screen Resolution: 1920x1080

Compiler Notes: --build=x86_64-linux-gnu --disable-browser-plugin --disable-libmudflap --disable-werror --enable-checking=release --enable-clocale=gnu --enable-gnu-unique-object --enable-gtk-cairo --enable-java-awt=gtk --enable-java-home --enable-languages=c,c++,java,go,d,fortran,objc,obj-c++ --enable-libstdcxx-debug --enable-libstdcxx-time=yes --enable-multiarch --enable-nls --enable-objc-gc --enable-plugin --enable-shared --enable-threads=posix --host=x86_64-linux-gnu --target=x86_64-linux-gnu --with-abi=m64 --with-arch-32=i686 --with-arch-directory=amd64 --with-multilib-list=m32,m64,mx32 --with-tune=generic -v
Disk Notes: DEADLINE / ecryptfs_cipher=aes,ecryptfs_fnek_sig=c2f9ee110bf9e0e1,ecryptfs_key_bytes=16,ecryptfs_sig=ecb49ec787a762a8,ecryptfs_unlink_sigs,nodev,nosuid,relatime,rw
Processor Notes: Scaling Governor: acpi-cpufreq ondemand
System Notes: Disk Scheduler: DEADLINE. Python 2.7.6.

Testing initiated at 7 March 2014 17:02 by user phoronix.