Linux x86 32-bit KPTI Meltdown Impact Intel Core 2 Duo T9300 testing of Linux 32-bit Kernel Page Table Isolation (KPTI/PTI) patches staged for the mainline kernel. Benchmarks by Michael Larabel for a future article. KPTI Disabled: Processor: Intel Core 2 Duo T9300 @ 2.50GHz (2 Cores), Motherboard: LENOVO 6459CTO (7LETB2WW 2.12 BIOS), Chipset: Intel Mobile PM965/GM965/GL960 + ICH8M-E, Memory: 4096MB, Disk: 100GB Hitachi HTS72201, Graphics: NVIDIA Quadro NVS 140M 128MB, Audio: Analog Devices AD1984, Network: Intel 82566MM Gigabit Connection + Intel PRO/Wireless OS: Ubuntu 16.04, Kernel: 4.18.0-rc4-tip-pti-phoronix (i686) 20180722, Desktop: Unity 7.4.5, Display Server: X Server 1.19.6, Display Driver: modesetting 1.19.6, Compiler: GCC 5.4.0 20160609, File-System: ext4, Screen Resolution: 1680x1050 KPTI Enabled: Processor: Intel Core 2 Duo T9300 @ 2.50GHz (2 Cores), Motherboard: LENOVO 6459CTO (7LETB2WW 2.12 BIOS), Chipset: Intel Mobile PM965/GM965/GL960 + ICH8M-E, Memory: 4096MB, Disk: 100GB Hitachi HTS72201, Graphics: NVIDIA Quadro NVS 140M, Audio: Analog Devices AD1984, Network: Intel 82566MM Gigabit Connection + Intel PRO/Wireless OS: Ubuntu 16.04, Kernel: 4.18.0-rc4-tip-pti-phoronix (i686) 20180722, Display Server: X Server 1.19.6, Display Driver: modesetting 1.19.6, Compiler: GCC 5.4.0 20160609, File-System: ext4 SQLite 3.22 Timed SQLite Insertions Seconds < Lower Is Better KPTI Disabled . 429.23 |======================================================= KPTI Enabled .. 424.31 |====================================================== Flexible IO Tester 3.1 Type: Random Read - IO Engine: Linux AIO - Buffered: No - Direct: Yes - Block Size: 4KB - Disk Target: Default Test Directory MB/s > Higher Is Better KPTI Disabled . 1.02 |======================================================== KPTI Enabled .. 1.03 |========================================================= Flexible IO Tester 3.1 Type: Random Write - IO Engine: Linux AIO - Buffered: No - Direct: Yes - Block Size: 4KB - Disk Target: Default Test Directory MB/s > Higher Is Better KPTI Disabled . 0.88 |========================================================= KPTI Enabled .. 0.88 |========================================================= Flexible IO Tester 3.1 Type: Sequential Read - IO Engine: Linux AIO - Buffered: No - Direct: Yes - Block Size: 4KB - Disk Target: Default Test Directory MB/s > Higher Is Better KPTI Disabled . 38.17 |======================================================= KPTI Enabled .. 38.87 |======================================================== Flexible IO Tester 3.1 Type: Sequential Read - IO Engine: Linux AIO - Buffered: No - Direct: Yes - Block Size: 4KB - Disk Target: Default Test Directory IOPS > Higher Is Better KPTI Enabled . 10100 |========================================================= Flexible IO Tester 3.1 Type: Sequential Write - IO Engine: Linux AIO - Buffered: No - Direct: Yes - Block Size: 4KB - Disk Target: Default Test Directory MB/s > Higher Is Better KPTI Disabled . 32.80 |======================================================== KPTI Enabled .. 32.87 |======================================================== FS-Mark 3.3 Test: 1000 Files, 1MB Size Files/s > Higher Is Better KPTI Disabled . 19.33 |======================================================== KPTI Enabled .. 19.40 |======================================================== FS-Mark 3.3 Test: 5000 Files, 1MB Size, 4 Threads Files/s > Higher Is Better KPTI Disabled . 32.13 |======================================================== KPTI Enabled .. 31.87 |======================================================== FS-Mark 3.3 Test: 4000 Files, 32 Sub Dirs, 1MB Size Files/s > Higher Is Better KPTI Disabled . 19.63 |======================================================== KPTI Enabled .. 19.57 |======================================================== FS-Mark 3.3 Test: 1000 Files, 1MB Size, No Sync/FSync Files/s > Higher Is Better KPTI Disabled . 59.13 |======================================================= KPTI Enabled .. 59.67 |======================================================== IOzone 3.465 Record Size: 4Kb - File Size: 8GB - Disk Test: Read Performance MB/s > Higher Is Better KPTI Disabled . 49.75 |======================================================== KPTI Enabled .. 49.87 |======================================================== IOzone 3.465 Record Size: 4Kb - File Size: 8GB - Disk Test: Write Performance MB/s > Higher Is Better KPTI Disabled . 48.59 |======================================================== KPTI Enabled .. 48.40 |======================================================== Go Benchmarks Test: http Nanoseconds/Operation < Lower Is Better KPTI Disabled . 61401 |================================================== KPTI Enabled .. 69317 |======================================================== Go Benchmarks Test: json Nanoseconds/Operation < Lower Is Better KPTI Disabled . 80573177 |===================================================== KPTI Enabled .. 80117565 |===================================================== Go Benchmarks Test: build Nanoseconds/Operation < Lower Is Better KPTI Disabled . 38335994090 |================================================== KPTI Enabled .. 38662328135 |================================================== Go Benchmarks Test: garbage Nanoseconds/Operation < Lower Is Better KPTI Disabled . 16248856 |===================================================== KPTI Enabled .. 16060302 |==================================================== LuaJIT 2.0.5 Test: Composite Mflops > Higher Is Better KPTI Disabled . 541.90 |======================================================= KPTI Enabled .. 545.95 |======================================================= ebizzy 0.3 Records/s > Higher Is Better KPTI Disabled . 69120 |======================================================== KPTI Enabled .. 69377 |======================================================== Timed Apache Compilation 2.4.7 Time To Compile Seconds < Lower Is Better KPTI Disabled . 104.47 |====================================================== KPTI Enabled .. 106.75 |======================================================= Timed PHP Compilation 7.1.9 Time To Compile Seconds < Lower Is Better KPTI Disabled . 350.00 |====================================================== KPTI Enabled .. 354.03 |======================================================= Hackbench Count: 2 - Type: Thread Seconds < Lower Is Better KPTI Disabled . 47.61 |====================================== KPTI Enabled .. 70.24 |======================================================== Hackbench Count: 4 - Type: Thread Seconds < Lower Is Better KPTI Disabled . 99.41 |====================================== KPTI Enabled .. 143.68 |======================================================= Hackbench Count: 2 - Type: Process Seconds < Lower Is Better KPTI Disabled . 44.03 |===================================== KPTI Enabled .. 65.81 |======================================================== Hackbench Count: 4 - Type: Process Seconds < Lower Is Better KPTI Disabled . 95.03 |====================================== KPTI Enabled .. 137.25 |======================================================= Cryptsetup 1.6.6 PBKDF2-sha512 Iterations Per Second > Higher Is Better KPTI Disabled . 86232 |======================================================== KPTI Enabled .. 86611 |======================================================== Cryptsetup PBKDF2-whirlpool Iterations Per Second > Higher Is Better KPTI Enabled . 63218 |========================================================= PostgreSQL pgbench 10.3 Scaling: Buffer Test - Test: Normal Load - Mode: Read Only TPS > Higher Is Better KPTI Disabled . 17545.21 |===================================================== KPTI Enabled .. 15937.00 |================================================ PostgreSQL pgbench 10.3 Scaling: Buffer Test - Test: Normal Load - Mode: Read Write TPS > Higher Is Better KPTI Disabled . 336.47 |======================================================= KPTI Enabled .. 337.79 |======================================================= PostgreSQL pgbench 10.3 Scaling: Buffer Test - Test: Single Thread - Mode: Read Only TPS > Higher Is Better KPTI Disabled . 6376.03 |====================================================== KPTI Enabled .. 6047.47 |=================================================== PostgreSQL pgbench 10.3 Scaling: Buffer Test - Test: Single Thread - Mode: Read Write TPS > Higher Is Better KPTI Disabled . 118.08 |======================================================= KPTI Enabled .. 117.93 |======================================================= GIMP 2.8.16 Test: resize Seconds < Lower Is Better KPTI Disabled . 11.40 |================================================= KPTI Enabled .. 12.92 |======================================================== GIMP 2.8.16 Test: auto-levels Seconds < Lower Is Better KPTI Disabled . 16.92 |=================================================== KPTI Enabled .. 18.74 |======================================================== GIMP 2.8.16 Test: unsharp-mask Seconds < Lower Is Better KPTI Disabled . 35.01 |=================================================== KPTI Enabled .. 38.52 |======================================================== Redis 4.0.8 Test: GET Requests Per Second > Higher Is Better KPTI Disabled . 241570.46 |==================================================== KPTI Enabled .. 184753.64 |======================================== Redis 4.0.8 Test: SET Requests Per Second > Higher Is Better KPTI Disabled . 211290.46 |==================================================== KPTI Enabled .. 156625.93 |======================================= Stress-NG 0.07.26 Test: CPU Stress Bogo Ops/s > Higher Is Better KPTI Disabled . 266.65 |======================================================= KPTI Enabled .. 265.08 |======================================================= Stress-NG 0.07.26 Test: Socket Activity Bogo Ops/s > Higher Is Better KPTI Disabled . 485.43 |======================================================= KPTI Enabled .. 472.34 |====================================================== Stress-NG 0.07.26 Test: Context Switching Bogo Ops/s > Higher Is Better KPTI Disabled . 296493.46 |==================================================== KPTI Enabled .. 255469.54 |============================================= Stress-NG 0.07.26 Test: System V Message Passing Bogo Ops/s > Higher Is Better KPTI Disabled . 680410.10 |==================================================== KPTI Enabled .. 533956.31 |========================================= NGINX Benchmark 1.9.9 Static Web Page Serving Requests Per Second > Higher Is Better KPTI Disabled . 11641.99 |===================================================== KPTI Enabled .. 10155.36 |============================================== Git Time To Complete Common Git Commands Seconds < Lower Is Better KPTI Disabled . 14.55 |====================================================== KPTI Enabled .. 15.04 |======================================================== Netperf 2.7.0 Server: 192.168.1.55 - Test: TCP Send File - Duration: 10 Seconds Megabits/sec Throughput > Higher Is Better KPTI Disabled . 935.24 |======================================================= KPTI Enabled .. 936.14 |======================================================= Netperf 2.7.0 Server: 192.168.1.55 - Test: TCP Request Response - Duration: 10 Seconds Transaction Rate Per Second > Higher Is Better KPTI Disabled . 923.38 |======================================================= KPTI Enabled .. 562.27 |================================= Netperf 2.7.0 Server: 192.168.1.55 - Test: UDP Request Response - Duration: 10 Seconds Transaction Rate Per Second > Higher Is Better KPTI Disabled . 924.81 |======================================================= KPTI Enabled .. 675.22 |======================================== Netperf 2.7.0 Server: 192.168.1.55 - Test: TCP Stream - Client To Server - Duration: 10 Seconds Megabits/sec Throughput > Higher Is Better KPTI Disabled . 783.19 |======================================================= KPTI Enabled .. 784.03 |======================================================= Netperf 2.7.0 Server: 192.168.1.55 - Test: TCP Stream - Server To Client - Duration: 10 Seconds Megabits/sec Throughput > Higher Is Better KPTI Disabled . 935.40 |======================================================= KPTI Enabled .. 935.40 |======================================================= Netperf 2.7.0 Server: 192.168.1.55 - Test: UDP Stream - Server To Client - 10G - Duration: 10 Seconds Megabits/sec Throughput > Higher Is Better KPTI Disabled . 956.19 |======================================================= KPTI Enabled .. 956.57 |======================================================= Cryptsetup 1.6.6 PBKDF2-whirlpool Iterations Per Second > Higher Is Better KPTI Disabled . 62698 |========================================================