Linux x86 32-bit KPTI Meltdown Impact

Intel Core 2 Duo T9300 testing of Linux 32-bit Kernel Page Table Isolation (KPTI/PTI) patches staged for the mainline kernel. Benchmarks by Michael Larabel for a future article.

HTML result view exported from: https://openbenchmarking.org/result/1807236-RA-LINUXX86399.

Linux x86 32-bit KPTI Meltdown ImpactProcessorMotherboardChipsetMemoryDiskGraphicsAudioNetworkOSKernelDesktopDisplay ServerDisplay DriverCompilerFile-SystemScreen ResolutionKPTI DisabledKPTI EnabledIntel Core 2 Duo T9300 @ 2.50GHz (2 Cores)LENOVO 6459CTO (7LETB2WW 2.12 BIOS)Intel Mobile PM965/GM965/GL960 + ICH8M-E4096MB100GB Hitachi HTS72201NVIDIA Quadro NVS 140M 128MBAnalog Devices AD1984Intel 82566MM Gigabit Connection + Intel PRO/WirelessUbuntu 16.044.18.0-rc4-tip-pti-phoronix (i686) 20180722Unity 7.4.5X Server 1.19.6modesetting 1.19.6GCC 5.4.0 20160609ext41680x1050NVIDIA Quadro NVS 140MOpenBenchmarking.orgCompiler Details- --build=i686-linux-gnu --disable-browser-plugin --disable-vtable-verify --disable-werror --enable-checking=release --enable-clocale=gnu --enable-gnu-unique-object --enable-gtk-cairo --enable-java-awt=gtk --enable-java-home --enable-languages=c,ada,c++,java,go,d,fortran,objc,obj-c++ --enable-libmpx --enable-libstdcxx-debug --enable-libstdcxx-time=yes --enable-multiarch --enable-multilib --enable-nls --enable-objc-gc --enable-plugin --enable-shared --enable-targets=all --enable-threads=posix --host=i686-linux-gnu --target=i686-linux-gnu --with-arch-32=i686 --with-arch-directory=i386 --with-default-libstdcxx-abi=new --with-multilib-list=m32,m64,mx32 --with-tune=generic -v Disk Details- CFQ / errors=remount-ro,relatime,rwProcessor Details- Scaling Governor: acpi-cpufreq ondemandPython Details- Python 2.7.12 + Python 3.5.2Security Details- KPTI Disabled: __user pointer sanitization + Full generic retpoline Protection - KPTI Enabled: KPTI + __user pointer sanitization + Full generic retpoline Protection

Linux x86 32-bit KPTI Meltdown Impactsqlite: Timed SQLite Insertionsfio: Rand Read - Linux AIO - No - Yes - 4KB - Default Test Directoryfio: Rand Write - Linux AIO - No - Yes - 4KB - Default Test Directoryfio: Seq Read - Linux AIO - No - Yes - 4KB - Default Test Directoryfio: Seq Write - Linux AIO - No - Yes - 4KB - Default Test Directoryfs-mark: 1000 Files, 1MB Sizefs-mark: 5000 Files, 1MB Size, 4 Threadsfs-mark: 4000 Files, 32 Sub Dirs, 1MB Sizefs-mark: 1000 Files, 1MB Size, No Sync/FSynciozone: 4Kb - 8GB - Read Performanceiozone: 4Kb - 8GB - Write Performancego-benchmark: httpgo-benchmark: jsongo-benchmark: buildgo-benchmark: garbageluajit: Compositeebizzy: build-apache: Time To Compilebuild-php: Time To Compilehackbench: 2 - Threadhackbench: 4 - Threadhackbench: 2 - Processhackbench: 4 - Processcryptsetup: PBKDF2-sha512pgbench: Buffer Test - Normal Load - Read Onlypgbench: Buffer Test - Normal Load - Read Writepgbench: Buffer Test - Single Thread - Read Onlypgbench: Buffer Test - Single Thread - Read Writegimp: resizegimp: auto-levelsgimp: unsharp-maskredis: GETredis: SETstress-ng: CPU Stressstress-ng: Socket Activitystress-ng: Context Switchingstress-ng: System V Message Passingnginx: Static Web Page Servinggit: Time To Complete Common Git Commandsnetperf: 192.168.1.55 - TCP Send File - 10 Secondsnetperf: 192.168.1.55 - TCP Request Response - 10 Secondsnetperf: 192.168.1.55 - UDP Request Response - 10 Secondsnetperf: 192.168.1.55 - TCP Stream - Client To Server - 10 Secondsnetperf: 192.168.1.55 - TCP Stream - Server To Client - 10 Secondsnetperf: 192.168.1.55 - UDP Stream - Server To Client - 10G - 10 SecondsKPTI DisabledKPTI Enabled429.231.020.8838.1732.8019.3332.1319.6359.1349.7548.5961401805731773833599409016248856541.9069120104.47350.0047.6199.4144.0395.038623217545.21336.476376.03118.0811.4016.9235.01241570.46211290.46266.65485.43296493.46680410.1011641.9914.55935.24923.38924.81783.19935.40956.19424.311.030.8838.8732.8719.4031.8719.5759.6749.8748.4069317801175653866232813516060302545.9569377106.75354.0370.24143.6865.81137.258661115937.00337.796047.47117.9312.9218.7438.52184753.64156625.93265.08472.34255469.54533956.3110155.3615.04936.14562.27675.22784.03935.40956.57OpenBenchmarking.org

SQLite

Timed SQLite Insertions

OpenBenchmarking.orgSeconds, Fewer Is BetterSQLite 3.22Timed SQLite InsertionsKPTI DisabledKPTI Enabled90180270360450SE +/- 13.63, N = 6SE +/- 12.21, N = 6429.23424.311. (CC) gcc options: -O2 -lz -ldl -lpthread

Flexible IO Tester

Type: Random Read - IO Engine: Linux AIO - Buffered: No - Direct: Yes - Block Size: 4KB - Disk Target: Default Test Directory

OpenBenchmarking.orgMB/s, More Is BetterFlexible IO Tester 3.1Type: Random Read - IO Engine: Linux AIO - Buffered: No - Direct: Yes - Block Size: 4KB - Disk Target: Default Test DirectoryKPTI DisabledKPTI Enabled0.23180.46360.69540.92721.159SE +/- 0.01, N = 3SE +/- 0.02, N = 41.021.031. (CC) gcc options: -rdynamic -std=gnu99 -ffast-math -include -O3 -U_FORTIFY_SOURCE -ll -lrt -laio -lz -lm -lpthread -ldl

Flexible IO Tester

Type: Random Write - IO Engine: Linux AIO - Buffered: No - Direct: Yes - Block Size: 4KB - Disk Target: Default Test Directory

OpenBenchmarking.orgMB/s, More Is BetterFlexible IO Tester 3.1Type: Random Write - IO Engine: Linux AIO - Buffered: No - Direct: Yes - Block Size: 4KB - Disk Target: Default Test DirectoryKPTI DisabledKPTI Enabled0.1980.3960.5940.7920.99SE +/- 0.00, N = 3SE +/- 0.00, N = 30.880.881. (CC) gcc options: -rdynamic -std=gnu99 -ffast-math -include -O3 -U_FORTIFY_SOURCE -ll -lrt -laio -lz -lm -lpthread -ldl

Flexible IO Tester

Type: Sequential Read - IO Engine: Linux AIO - Buffered: No - Direct: Yes - Block Size: 4KB - Disk Target: Default Test Directory

OpenBenchmarking.orgMB/s, More Is BetterFlexible IO Tester 3.1Type: Sequential Read - IO Engine: Linux AIO - Buffered: No - Direct: Yes - Block Size: 4KB - Disk Target: Default Test DirectoryKPTI DisabledKPTI Enabled918273645SE +/- 0.07, N = 3SE +/- 0.29, N = 338.1738.871. (CC) gcc options: -rdynamic -std=gnu99 -ffast-math -include -O3 -U_FORTIFY_SOURCE -ll -lrt -laio -lz -lm -lpthread -ldl

Flexible IO Tester

Type: Sequential Read - IO Engine: Linux AIO - Buffered: No - Direct: Yes - Block Size: 4KB - Disk Target: Default Test Directory

OpenBenchmarking.orgIOPS, More Is BetterFlexible IO Tester 3.1Type: Sequential Read - IO Engine: Linux AIO - Buffered: No - Direct: Yes - Block Size: 4KB - Disk Target: Default Test DirectoryKPTI Enabled2K4K6K8K10K101001. (CC) gcc options: -rdynamic -std=gnu99 -ffast-math -include -O3 -U_FORTIFY_SOURCE -ll -lrt -laio -lz -lm -lpthread -ldl

Flexible IO Tester

Type: Sequential Write - IO Engine: Linux AIO - Buffered: No - Direct: Yes - Block Size: 4KB - Disk Target: Default Test Directory

OpenBenchmarking.orgMB/s, More Is BetterFlexible IO Tester 3.1Type: Sequential Write - IO Engine: Linux AIO - Buffered: No - Direct: Yes - Block Size: 4KB - Disk Target: Default Test DirectoryKPTI DisabledKPTI Enabled816243240SE +/- 0.06, N = 3SE +/- 0.03, N = 332.8032.871. (CC) gcc options: -rdynamic -std=gnu99 -ffast-math -include -O3 -U_FORTIFY_SOURCE -ll -lrt -laio -lz -lm -lpthread -ldl

FS-Mark

Test: 1000 Files, 1MB Size

OpenBenchmarking.orgFiles/s, More Is BetterFS-Mark 3.3Test: 1000 Files, 1MB SizeKPTI DisabledKPTI Enabled510152025SE +/- 0.09, N = 3SE +/- 0.06, N = 319.3319.401. (CC) gcc options: -static

FS-Mark

Test: 5000 Files, 1MB Size, 4 Threads

OpenBenchmarking.orgFiles/s, More Is BetterFS-Mark 3.3Test: 5000 Files, 1MB Size, 4 ThreadsKPTI DisabledKPTI Enabled714212835SE +/- 1.16, N = 6SE +/- 1.24, N = 632.1331.871. (CC) gcc options: -static

FS-Mark

Test: 4000 Files, 32 Sub Dirs, 1MB Size

OpenBenchmarking.orgFiles/s, More Is BetterFS-Mark 3.3Test: 4000 Files, 32 Sub Dirs, 1MB SizeKPTI DisabledKPTI Enabled510152025SE +/- 0.35, N = 3SE +/- 0.27, N = 319.6319.571. (CC) gcc options: -static

FS-Mark

Test: 1000 Files, 1MB Size, No Sync/FSync

OpenBenchmarking.orgFiles/s, More Is BetterFS-Mark 3.3Test: 1000 Files, 1MB Size, No Sync/FSyncKPTI DisabledKPTI Enabled1326395265SE +/- 0.77, N = 6SE +/- 0.20, N = 359.1359.671. (CC) gcc options: -static

IOzone

Record Size: 4Kb - File Size: 8GB - Disk Test: Read Performance

OpenBenchmarking.orgMB/s, More Is BetterIOzone 3.465Record Size: 4Kb - File Size: 8GB - Disk Test: Read PerformanceKPTI DisabledKPTI Enabled1122334455SE +/- 3.46, N = 6SE +/- 3.67, N = 649.7549.871. (CC) gcc options: -O3

IOzone

Record Size: 4Kb - File Size: 8GB - Disk Test: Write Performance

OpenBenchmarking.orgMB/s, More Is BetterIOzone 3.465Record Size: 4Kb - File Size: 8GB - Disk Test: Write PerformanceKPTI DisabledKPTI Enabled1122334455SE +/- 2.23, N = 6SE +/- 2.15, N = 648.5948.401. (CC) gcc options: -O3

Go Benchmarks

Test: http

OpenBenchmarking.orgNanoseconds/Operation, Fewer Is BetterGo BenchmarksTest: httpKPTI DisabledKPTI Enabled15K30K45K60K75KSE +/- 127.55, N = 3SE +/- 112.67, N = 36140169317

Go Benchmarks

Test: json

OpenBenchmarking.orgNanoseconds/Operation, Fewer Is BetterGo BenchmarksTest: jsonKPTI DisabledKPTI Enabled20M40M60M80M100MSE +/- 306988.41, N = 3SE +/- 106508.44, N = 38057317780117565

Go Benchmarks

Test: build

OpenBenchmarking.orgNanoseconds/Operation, Fewer Is BetterGo BenchmarksTest: buildKPTI DisabledKPTI Enabled8000M16000M24000M32000M40000MSE +/- 1064359980.77, N = 6SE +/- 999111592.41, N = 63833599409038662328135

Go Benchmarks

Test: garbage

OpenBenchmarking.orgNanoseconds/Operation, Fewer Is BetterGo BenchmarksTest: garbageKPTI DisabledKPTI Enabled3M6M9M12M15MSE +/- 89944.00, N = 3SE +/- 19080.64, N = 31624885616060302

LuaJIT

Test: Composite

OpenBenchmarking.orgMflops, More Is BetterLuaJIT 2.0.5Test: CompositeKPTI DisabledKPTI Enabled120240360480600SE +/- 1.55, N = 3SE +/- 0.60, N = 3541.90545.951. (CC) gcc options: -lm -ldl -O2 -fomit-frame-pointer -U_FORTIFY_SOURCE -march=i686 -fno-stack-protector

ebizzy

OpenBenchmarking.orgRecords/s, More Is Betterebizzy 0.3KPTI DisabledKPTI Enabled15K30K45K60K75KSE +/- 131.29, N = 3SE +/- 26.85, N = 369120693771. (CC) gcc options: -pthread -lpthread -O3 -march=native

Timed Apache Compilation

Time To Compile

OpenBenchmarking.orgSeconds, Fewer Is BetterTimed Apache Compilation 2.4.7Time To CompileKPTI DisabledKPTI Enabled20406080100SE +/- 0.13, N = 3SE +/- 0.14, N = 3104.47106.75

Timed PHP Compilation

Time To Compile

OpenBenchmarking.orgSeconds, Fewer Is BetterTimed PHP Compilation 7.1.9Time To CompileKPTI DisabledKPTI Enabled80160240320400SE +/- 0.14, N = 3SE +/- 0.17, N = 3350.00354.031. (CC) gcc options: -O2 -pedantic -ldl -lz -lm

Hackbench

Count: 2 - Type: Thread

OpenBenchmarking.orgSeconds, Fewer Is BetterHackbenchCount: 2 - Type: ThreadKPTI DisabledKPTI Enabled1632486480SE +/- 0.17, N = 3SE +/- 0.37, N = 347.6170.241. (CC) gcc options: -lpthread

Hackbench

Count: 4 - Type: Thread

OpenBenchmarking.orgSeconds, Fewer Is BetterHackbenchCount: 4 - Type: ThreadKPTI DisabledKPTI Enabled306090120150SE +/- 0.45, N = 3SE +/- 1.22, N = 399.41143.681. (CC) gcc options: -lpthread

Hackbench

Count: 2 - Type: Process

OpenBenchmarking.orgSeconds, Fewer Is BetterHackbenchCount: 2 - Type: ProcessKPTI DisabledKPTI Enabled1530456075SE +/- 0.24, N = 3SE +/- 0.16, N = 344.0365.811. (CC) gcc options: -lpthread

Hackbench

Count: 4 - Type: Process

OpenBenchmarking.orgSeconds, Fewer Is BetterHackbenchCount: 4 - Type: ProcessKPTI DisabledKPTI Enabled306090120150SE +/- 1.68, N = 3SE +/- 0.37, N = 395.03137.251. (CC) gcc options: -lpthread

Cryptsetup

PBKDF2-sha512

OpenBenchmarking.orgIterations Per Second, More Is BetterCryptsetup 1.6.6PBKDF2-sha512KPTI DisabledKPTI Enabled20K40K60K80K100KSE +/- 113.33, N = 3SE +/- 100.85, N = 38623286611

Cryptsetup

PBKDF2-whirlpool

OpenBenchmarking.orgIterations Per Second, More Is BetterCryptsetupPBKDF2-whirlpoolKPTI Enabled14K28K42K56K70KSE +/- 81.67, N = 363218

PostgreSQL pgbench

Scaling: Buffer Test - Test: Normal Load - Mode: Read Only

OpenBenchmarking.orgTPS, More Is BetterPostgreSQL pgbench 10.3Scaling: Buffer Test - Test: Normal Load - Mode: Read OnlyKPTI DisabledKPTI Enabled4K8K12K16K20KSE +/- 51.89, N = 3SE +/- 17.90, N = 317545.2115937.001. (CC) gcc options: -fno-strict-aliasing -fwrapv -O2 -lpgcommon -lpgport -lpq -lpthread -lrt -lcrypt -ldl -lm

PostgreSQL pgbench

Scaling: Buffer Test - Test: Normal Load - Mode: Read Write

OpenBenchmarking.orgTPS, More Is BetterPostgreSQL pgbench 10.3Scaling: Buffer Test - Test: Normal Load - Mode: Read WriteKPTI DisabledKPTI Enabled70140210280350SE +/- 1.46, N = 3SE +/- 0.71, N = 3336.47337.791. (CC) gcc options: -fno-strict-aliasing -fwrapv -O2 -lpgcommon -lpgport -lpq -lpthread -lrt -lcrypt -ldl -lm

PostgreSQL pgbench

Scaling: Buffer Test - Test: Single Thread - Mode: Read Only

OpenBenchmarking.orgTPS, More Is BetterPostgreSQL pgbench 10.3Scaling: Buffer Test - Test: Single Thread - Mode: Read OnlyKPTI DisabledKPTI Enabled14002800420056007000SE +/- 4.07, N = 3SE +/- 10.56, N = 36376.036047.471. (CC) gcc options: -fno-strict-aliasing -fwrapv -O2 -lpgcommon -lpgport -lpq -lpthread -lrt -lcrypt -ldl -lm

PostgreSQL pgbench

Scaling: Buffer Test - Test: Single Thread - Mode: Read Write

OpenBenchmarking.orgTPS, More Is BetterPostgreSQL pgbench 10.3Scaling: Buffer Test - Test: Single Thread - Mode: Read WriteKPTI DisabledKPTI Enabled306090120150SE +/- 0.36, N = 3SE +/- 0.50, N = 3118.08117.931. (CC) gcc options: -fno-strict-aliasing -fwrapv -O2 -lpgcommon -lpgport -lpq -lpthread -lrt -lcrypt -ldl -lm

GIMP

Test: resize

OpenBenchmarking.orgSeconds, Fewer Is BetterGIMP 2.8.16Test: resizeKPTI DisabledKPTI Enabled3691215SE +/- 1.08, N = 6SE +/- 1.12, N = 611.4012.92

GIMP

Test: auto-levels

OpenBenchmarking.orgSeconds, Fewer Is BetterGIMP 2.8.16Test: auto-levelsKPTI DisabledKPTI Enabled510152025SE +/- 0.03, N = 3SE +/- 0.02, N = 316.9218.74

GIMP

Test: unsharp-mask

OpenBenchmarking.orgSeconds, Fewer Is BetterGIMP 2.8.16Test: unsharp-maskKPTI DisabledKPTI Enabled918273645SE +/- 0.05, N = 3SE +/- 0.02, N = 335.0138.52

Redis

Test: GET

OpenBenchmarking.orgRequests Per Second, More Is BetterRedis 4.0.8Test: GETKPTI DisabledKPTI Enabled50K100K150K200K250KSE +/- 786.97, N = 3SE +/- 409.56, N = 3241570.46184753.641. (CC) gcc options: -ggdb -rdynamic -lm -ldl -pthread

Redis

Test: SET

OpenBenchmarking.orgRequests Per Second, More Is BetterRedis 4.0.8Test: SETKPTI DisabledKPTI Enabled50K100K150K200K250KSE +/- 919.45, N = 3SE +/- 230.44, N = 3211290.46156625.931. (CC) gcc options: -ggdb -rdynamic -lm -ldl -pthread

Stress-NG

Test: CPU Stress

OpenBenchmarking.orgBogo Ops/s, More Is BetterStress-NG 0.07.26Test: CPU StressKPTI DisabledKPTI Enabled60120180240300SE +/- 0.95, N = 3SE +/- 0.21, N = 3266.65265.081. (CC) gcc options: -O2 -std=gnu99 -lm -lz -lcrypt -lrt -lpthread -laio -lc

Stress-NG

Test: Socket Activity

OpenBenchmarking.orgBogo Ops/s, More Is BetterStress-NG 0.07.26Test: Socket ActivityKPTI DisabledKPTI Enabled110220330440550SE +/- 37.29, N = 6SE +/- 45.63, N = 6485.43472.341. (CC) gcc options: -O2 -std=gnu99 -lm -lz -lcrypt -lrt -lpthread -laio -lc

Stress-NG

Test: Context Switching

OpenBenchmarking.orgBogo Ops/s, More Is BetterStress-NG 0.07.26Test: Context SwitchingKPTI DisabledKPTI Enabled60K120K180K240K300KSE +/- 499.16, N = 3SE +/- 175.75, N = 3296493.46255469.541. (CC) gcc options: -O2 -std=gnu99 -lm -lz -lcrypt -lrt -lpthread -laio -lc

Stress-NG

Test: System V Message Passing

OpenBenchmarking.orgBogo Ops/s, More Is BetterStress-NG 0.07.26Test: System V Message PassingKPTI DisabledKPTI Enabled150K300K450K600K750KSE +/- 45152.74, N = 6SE +/- 37806.78, N = 6680410.10533956.311. (CC) gcc options: -O2 -std=gnu99 -lm -lz -lcrypt -lrt -lpthread -laio -lc

NGINX Benchmark

Static Web Page Serving

OpenBenchmarking.orgRequests Per Second, More Is BetterNGINX Benchmark 1.9.9Static Web Page ServingKPTI DisabledKPTI Enabled2K4K6K8K10KSE +/- 5.93, N = 3SE +/- 7.66, N = 311641.9910155.361. (CC) gcc options: -lpthread -lcrypt -lcrypto -lz -O3 -march=native

Git

Time To Complete Common Git Commands

OpenBenchmarking.orgSeconds, Fewer Is BetterGitTime To Complete Common Git CommandsKPTI DisabledKPTI Enabled48121620SE +/- 0.24, N = 3SE +/- 0.13, N = 314.5515.041. git version 2.7.4

Netperf

Server: 192.168.1.55 - Test: TCP Send File - Duration: 10 Seconds

OpenBenchmarking.orgMegabits/sec Throughput, More Is BetterNetperf 2.7.0Server: 192.168.1.55 - Test: TCP Send File - Duration: 10 SecondsKPTI DisabledKPTI Enabled2004006008001000SE +/- 0.15, N = 3SE +/- 0.04, N = 3935.24936.141. (CC) gcc options: -O3 -march=native -lm

Netperf

Server: 192.168.1.55 - Test: TCP Request Response - Duration: 10 Seconds

OpenBenchmarking.orgTransaction Rate Per Second, More Is BetterNetperf 2.7.0Server: 192.168.1.55 - Test: TCP Request Response - Duration: 10 SecondsKPTI DisabledKPTI Enabled2004006008001000SE +/- 13.79, N = 3SE +/- 176.75, N = 6923.38562.271. (CC) gcc options: -O3 -march=native -lm

Netperf

Server: 192.168.1.55 - Test: UDP Request Response - Duration: 10 Seconds

OpenBenchmarking.orgTransaction Rate Per Second, More Is BetterNetperf 2.7.0Server: 192.168.1.55 - Test: UDP Request Response - Duration: 10 SecondsKPTI DisabledKPTI Enabled2004006008001000SE +/- 12.67, N = 3SE +/- 161.94, N = 6924.81675.221. (CC) gcc options: -O3 -march=native -lm

Netperf

Server: 192.168.1.55 - Test: TCP Stream - Client To Server - Duration: 10 Seconds

OpenBenchmarking.orgMegabits/sec Throughput, More Is BetterNetperf 2.7.0Server: 192.168.1.55 - Test: TCP Stream - Client To Server - Duration: 10 SecondsKPTI DisabledKPTI Enabled2004006008001000SE +/- 0.38, N = 3SE +/- 0.29, N = 3783.19784.031. (CC) gcc options: -O3 -march=native -lm

Netperf

Server: 192.168.1.55 - Test: TCP Stream - Server To Client - Duration: 10 Seconds

OpenBenchmarking.orgMegabits/sec Throughput, More Is BetterNetperf 2.7.0Server: 192.168.1.55 - Test: TCP Stream - Server To Client - Duration: 10 SecondsKPTI DisabledKPTI Enabled2004006008001000SE +/- 0.06, N = 3SE +/- 0.03, N = 3935.40935.401. (CC) gcc options: -O3 -march=native -lm

Netperf

Server: 192.168.1.55 - Test: UDP Stream - Server To Client - 10G - Duration: 10 Seconds

OpenBenchmarking.orgMegabits/sec Throughput, More Is BetterNetperf 2.7.0Server: 192.168.1.55 - Test: UDP Stream - Server To Client - 10G - Duration: 10 SecondsKPTI DisabledKPTI Enabled2004006008001000SE +/- 0.12, N = 3SE +/- 0.00, N = 3956.19956.571. (CC) gcc options: -O3 -march=native -lm

Cryptsetup

PBKDF2-whirlpool

OpenBenchmarking.orgIterations Per Second, More Is BetterCryptsetup 1.6.6PBKDF2-whirlpoolKPTI Disabled13K26K39K52K65KSE +/- 379.11, N = 362698


Phoronix Test Suite v10.8.4