fastd_1
try to find the best setup for postgres over the dm-cache-bcache-btrfs-zfs field


lvm io_default ext4 defaults: 

	Processor: Intel Core i5-4590 @ 3.70GHz (4 Cores), Motherboard: MSI Z97-G43 (MS-7816) v3.0, Chipset: Intel 4th Gen Core DRAM, Memory: 2048MB, Disk: 2 x 4001GB Western Digital WD40EFRX-68W + 240GB ADATA SP550 + 240GB INTEL SSDSC2BW24, Graphics: Intel HD 4600 (1150MHz), Audio: Intel Xeon E3-1200 v3/4th, Network: Realtek RTL8111/8168/8411

	OS: Ubuntu 16.04, Kernel: 4.4.0-21-generic (x86_64), Desktop: Xfce 4.12, Display Server: X Server 1.18.3, Display Driver: intel 2.99.917, Compiler: GCC 5.4.0 20160609, File-System: overlayfs, Screen Resolution: 2560x1440

bcache io_default ext4 defaults: 

	Processor: Intel Core i5-4590 @ 3.70GHz (4 Cores), Motherboard: MSI Z97-G43 (MS-7816) v3.0, Chipset: Intel 4th Gen Core DRAM, Memory: 2048MB, Disk: 2 x 4001GB Western Digital WD40EFRX-68W + 240GB ADATA SP550 + 240GB INTEL SSDSC2BW24, Graphics: Intel HD 4600 (1150MHz), Audio: Intel Xeon E3-1200 v3/4th, Network: Realtek RTL8111/8168/8411

	OS: Ubuntu 16.04, Kernel: 4.4.0-21-generic (x86_64), Desktop: Xfce 4.12, Display Server: X Server 1.18.3, Display Driver: intel 2.99.917, Compiler: GCC 5.4.0 20160609, File-System: overlayfs, Screen Resolution: 2560x1440

lvm io_default ext4 data=writeback,noatime,barrier=0,discard: 

	Processor: Intel Core i5-4590 @ 3.70GHz (4 Cores), Motherboard: MSI Z97-G43 (MS-7816) v3.0, Chipset: Intel 4th Gen Core DRAM, Memory: 2048MB, Disk: 2 x 4001GB Western Digital WD40EFRX-68W + 240GB ADATA SP550 + 240GB INTEL SSDSC2BW24, Graphics: Intel HD 4600 (1150MHz), Audio: Intel Xeon E3-1200 v3/4th, Network: Realtek RTL8111/8168/8411

	OS: Ubuntu 16.04, Kernel: 4.4.0-21-generic (x86_64), Desktop: Xfce 4.12, Display Server: X Server 1.18.3, Display Driver: intel 2.99.917, Compiler: GCC 5.4.0 20160609, File-System: overlayfs, Screen Resolution: 2560x1440

bcache io_default ext4 data=writeback,noatime,barrier=0,discard: 

	Processor: Intel Core i5-4590 @ 3.70GHz (4 Cores), Motherboard: MSI Z97-G43 (MS-7816) v3.0, Chipset: Intel 4th Gen Core DRAM, Memory: 2048MB, Disk: 2 x 4001GB Western Digital WD40EFRX-68W + 240GB ADATA SP550 + 240GB INTEL SSDSC2BW24, Graphics: Intel HD 4600 (1150MHz), Audio: Intel Xeon E3-1200 v3/4th, Network: Realtek RTL8111/8168/8411

	OS: Ubuntu 16.04, Kernel: 4.4.0-21-generic (x86_64), Desktop: Xfce 4.12, Display Server: X Server 1.18.3, Display Driver: intel 2.99.917, Compiler: GCC 5.4.0 20160609, File-System: overlayfs, Screen Resolution: 2560x1440

lvm io_tuned ext4 data=writeback,noatime,barrier=0,discard: 

	Processor: Intel Core i5-4590 @ 3.70GHz (4 Cores), Motherboard: MSI Z97-G43 (MS-7816) v3.0, Chipset: Intel 4th Gen Core DRAM, Memory: 2048MB, Disk: 2 x 4001GB Western Digital WD40EFRX-68W + 240GB ADATA SP550 + 240GB INTEL SSDSC2BW24, Graphics: Intel HD 4600 (1150MHz), Audio: Intel Xeon E3-1200 v3/4th, Network: Realtek RTL8111/8168/8411

	OS: Ubuntu 16.04, Kernel: 4.4.0-21-generic (x86_64), Desktop: Xfce 4.12, Display Server: X Server 1.18.3, Display Driver: intel 2.99.917, Compiler: GCC 5.4.0 20160609, File-System: overlayfs, Screen Resolution: 2560x1440

bcache io_tuned ext4 data=writeback,noatime,barrier=0,discard: 

	Processor: Intel Core i5-4590 @ 3.70GHz (4 Cores), Motherboard: MSI Z97-G43 (MS-7816) v3.0, Chipset: Intel 4th Gen Core DRAM, Memory: 2048MB, Disk: 2 x 4001GB Western Digital WD40EFRX-68W + 240GB ADATA SP550 + 240GB INTEL SSDSC2BW24, Graphics: Intel HD 4600 (1150MHz), Audio: Intel Xeon E3-1200 v3/4th, Network: Realtek RTL8111/8168/8411

	OS: Ubuntu 16.04, Kernel: 4.4.0-21-generic (x86_64), Desktop: Xfce 4.12, Display Server: X Server 1.18.3, Display Driver: intel 2.99.917, Compiler: GCC 5.4.0 20160609, File-System: overlayfs, Screen Resolution: 2560x1440

lvm io_default zfs: 

	Processor: Intel Core i5-4590 @ 3.70GHz (4 Cores), Motherboard: MSI Z97-G43 (MS-7816) v3.0, Chipset: Intel 4th Gen Core DRAM, Memory: 2048MB, Disk: 2 x 4001GB Western Digital WD40EFRX-68W + 240GB ADATA SP550 + 240GB INTEL SSDSC2BW24, Graphics: Intel HD 4600 (1150MHz), Audio: Intel Xeon E3-1200 v3/4th, Network: Realtek RTL8111/8168/8411

	OS: Ubuntu 16.04, Kernel: 4.4.0-21-generic (x86_64), Desktop: Xfce 4.12, Display Server: X Server 1.18.3, Display Driver: intel 2.99.917, Compiler: GCC 5.4.0 20160609, File-System: overlayfs, Screen Resolution: 2560x1440

bcache io_default zfs: 

	Processor: Intel Core i5-4590 @ 3.70GHz (4 Cores), Motherboard: MSI Z97-G43 (MS-7816) v3.0, Chipset: Intel 4th Gen Core DRAM, Memory: 2048MB, Disk: 2 x 4001GB Western Digital WD40EFRX-68W + 240GB ADATA SP550 + 240GB INTEL SSDSC2BW24, Graphics: Intel HD 4600 (1150MHz), Audio: Intel Xeon E3-1200 v3/4th, Network: Realtek RTL8111/8168/8411

	OS: Ubuntu 16.04, Kernel: 4.4.0-21-generic (x86_64), Desktop: Xfce 4.12, Display Server: X Server 1.18.3, Display Driver: intel 2.99.917, Compiler: GCC 5.4.0 20160609, File-System: overlayfs, Screen Resolution: 2560x1440

lvm io_default zfs lz4 512k throughput metadata: 

	Processor: Intel Core i5-4590 @ 3.70GHz (4 Cores), Motherboard: MSI Z97-G43 (MS-7816) v3.0, Chipset: Intel 4th Gen Core DRAM, Memory: 2048MB, Disk: 2 x 4001GB Western Digital WD40EFRX-68W + 240GB ADATA SP550 + 240GB INTEL SSDSC2BW24, Graphics: Intel HD 4600 (1150MHz), Audio: Intel Xeon E3-1200 v3/4th, Network: Realtek RTL8111/8168/8411

	OS: Ubuntu 16.04, Kernel: 4.4.0-21-generic (x86_64), Desktop: Xfce 4.12, Display Server: X Server 1.18.3, Display Driver: intel 2.99.917, Compiler: GCC 5.4.0 20160609, File-System: overlayfs, Screen Resolution: 2560x1440

bcache io_default zfs lz4 512k throughput metadata: 

	Processor: Intel Core i5-4590 @ 3.70GHz (4 Cores), Motherboard: MSI Z97-G43 (MS-7816) v3.0, Chipset: Intel 4th Gen Core DRAM, Memory: 2048MB, Disk: 2 x 4001GB Western Digital WD40EFRX-68W + 240GB ADATA SP550 + 240GB INTEL SSDSC2BW24, Graphics: Intel HD 4600 (1150MHz), Audio: Intel Xeon E3-1200 v3/4th, Network: Realtek RTL8111/8168/8411

	OS: Ubuntu 16.04, Kernel: 4.4.0-21-generic (x86_64), Desktop: Xfce 4.12, Display Server: X Server 1.18.3, Display Driver: intel 2.99.917, Compiler: GCC 5.4.0 20160609, File-System: overlayfs, Screen Resolution: 2560x1440

lvm io_default zfs lz4 32k throughput all: 

	Processor: Intel Core i5-4590 @ 3.70GHz (4 Cores), Motherboard: MSI Z97-G43 (MS-7816) v3.0, Chipset: Intel 4th Gen Core DRAM, Memory: 2048MB, Disk: 2 x 4001GB Western Digital WD40EFRX-68W + 240GB ADATA SP550 + 240GB INTEL SSDSC2BW24, Graphics: Intel HD 4600 (1150MHz), Audio: Intel Xeon E3-1200 v3/4th, Network: Realtek RTL8111/8168/8411

	OS: Ubuntu 16.04, Kernel: 4.4.0-21-generic (x86_64), Desktop: Xfce 4.12, Display Server: X Server 1.18.3, Display Driver: intel 2.99.917, Compiler: GCC 5.4.0 20160609, File-System: overlayfs, Screen Resolution: 2560x1440

bcache io_default zfs lz4 32k throughput all: 

	Processor: Intel Core i5-4590 @ 3.70GHz (4 Cores), Motherboard: MSI Z97-G43 (MS-7816) v3.0, Chipset: Intel 4th Gen Core DRAM, Memory: 2048MB, Disk: 2 x 4001GB Western Digital WD40EFRX-68W + 240GB ADATA SP550 + 240GB INTEL SSDSC2BW24, Graphics: Intel HD 4600 (1150MHz), Audio: Intel Xeon E3-1200 v3/4th, Network: Realtek RTL8111/8168/8411

	OS: Ubuntu 16.04, Kernel: 4.4.0-21-generic (x86_64), Desktop: Xfce 4.12, Display Server: X Server 1.18.3, Display Driver: intel 2.99.917, Compiler: GCC 5.4.0 20160609, File-System: overlayfs, Screen Resolution: 2560x1440

lvm io_default zfs lz4 32k throughput metadata: 

	Processor: Intel Core i5-4590 @ 3.70GHz (4 Cores), Motherboard: MSI Z97-G43 (MS-7816) v3.0, Chipset: Intel 4th Gen Core DRAM, Memory: 2048MB, Disk: 2 x 4001GB Western Digital WD40EFRX-68W + 240GB ADATA SP550 + 240GB INTEL SSDSC2BW24, Graphics: Intel HD 4600 (1150MHz), Audio: Intel Xeon E3-1200 v3/4th, Network: Realtek RTL8111/8168/8411

	OS: Ubuntu 16.04, Kernel: 4.4.0-21-generic (x86_64), Desktop: Xfce 4.12, Display Server: X Server 1.18.3, Display Driver: intel 2.99.917, Compiler: GCC 5.4.0 20160609, File-System: overlayfs, Screen Resolution: 2560x1440

bcache io_default zfs lz4 32k throughput metadata: 

	Processor: Intel Core i5-4590 @ 3.70GHz (4 Cores), Motherboard: MSI Z97-G43 (MS-7816) v3.0, Chipset: Intel 4th Gen Core DRAM, Memory: 2048MB, Disk: 2 x 4001GB Western Digital WD40EFRX-68W + 240GB ADATA SP550 + 240GB INTEL SSDSC2BW24, Graphics: Intel HD 4600 (1150MHz), Audio: Intel Xeon E3-1200 v3/4th, Network: Realtek RTL8111/8168/8411

	OS: Ubuntu 16.04, Kernel: 4.4.0-21-generic (x86_64), Desktop: Xfce 4.12, Display Server: X Server 1.18.3, Display Driver: intel 2.99.917, Compiler: GCC 5.4.0 20160609, File-System: overlayfs, Screen Resolution: 2560x1440

lvm io_default zfs lz4 32k throughput metadata disabled: 

	Processor: Intel Core i5-4590 @ 3.70GHz (4 Cores), Motherboard: MSI Z97-G43 (MS-7816) v3.0, Chipset: Intel 4th Gen Core DRAM, Memory: 2048MB, Disk: 2 x 4001GB Western Digital WD40EFRX-68W + 240GB ADATA SP550 + 240GB INTEL SSDSC2BW24, Graphics: Intel HD 4600 (1150MHz), Audio: Intel Xeon E3-1200 v3/4th, Network: Realtek RTL8111/8168/8411

	OS: Ubuntu 16.04, Kernel: 4.4.0-21-generic (x86_64), Desktop: Xfce 4.12, Display Server: X Server 1.18.3, Display Driver: intel 2.99.917, Compiler: GCC 5.4.0 20160609, File-System: overlayfs, Screen Resolution: 2560x1440

bcache io_default zfs lz4 32k throughput metadata disabled: 

	Processor: Intel Core i5-4590 @ 3.70GHz (4 Cores), Motherboard: MSI Z97-G43 (MS-7816) v3.0, Chipset: Intel 4th Gen Core DRAM, Memory: 2048MB, Disk: 2 x 4001GB Western Digital WD40EFRX-68W + 240GB ADATA SP550 + 240GB INTEL SSDSC2BW24, Graphics: Intel HD 4600 (1150MHz), Audio: Intel Xeon E3-1200 v3/4th, Network: Realtek RTL8111/8168/8411

	OS: Ubuntu 16.04, Kernel: 4.4.0-21-generic (x86_64), Desktop: Xfce 4.12, Display Server: X Server 1.18.3, Display Driver: intel 2.99.917, Compiler: GCC 5.4.0 20160609, File-System: overlayfs, Screen Resolution: 2560x1440

lvm io_tuned zfs lz4 32k throughput metadata disabled: 

	Processor: Intel Core i5-4590 @ 3.70GHz (4 Cores), Motherboard: MSI Z97-G43 (MS-7816) v3.0, Chipset: Intel 4th Gen Core DRAM, Memory: 2048MB, Disk: 2 x 4001GB Western Digital WD40EFRX-68W + 240GB ADATA SP550 + 240GB INTEL SSDSC2BW24, Graphics: Intel HD 4600 (1150MHz), Audio: Intel Xeon E3-1200 v3/4th, Network: Realtek RTL8111/8168/8411

	OS: Ubuntu 16.04, Kernel: 4.4.0-21-generic (x86_64), Desktop: Xfce 4.12, Display Server: X Server 1.18.3, Display Driver: intel 2.99.917, Compiler: GCC 5.4.0 20160609, File-System: overlayfs, Screen Resolution: 2560x1440

bcache io_tuned zfs lz4 32k throughput metadata disabled: 

	Processor: Intel Core i5-4590 @ 3.70GHz (4 Cores), Motherboard: MSI Z97-G43 (MS-7816) v3.0, Chipset: Intel 4th Gen Core DRAM, Memory: 2048MB, Disk: 2 x 4001GB Western Digital WD40EFRX-68W + 240GB ADATA SP550 + 240GB INTEL SSDSC2BW24, Graphics: Intel HD 4600 (1150MHz), Audio: Intel Xeon E3-1200 v3/4th, Network: Realtek RTL8111/8168/8411

	OS: Ubuntu 16.04, Kernel: 4.4.0-21-generic (x86_64), Desktop: Xfce 4.12, Display Server: X Server 1.18.3, Display Driver: intel 2.99.917, Compiler: GCC 5.4.0 20160609, File-System: overlayfs, Screen Resolution: 2560x1440

lvm io_default btrfs defaults: 

	Processor: Intel Core i5-4590 @ 3.70GHz (4 Cores), Motherboard: MSI Z97-G43 (MS-7816) v3.0, Chipset: Intel 4th Gen Core DRAM, Memory: 2048MB, Disk: 2 x 4001GB Western Digital WD40EFRX-68W + 240GB ADATA SP550 + 240GB INTEL SSDSC2BW24, Graphics: Intel HD 4600 (1150MHz), Audio: Intel Xeon E3-1200 v3/4th, Network: Realtek RTL8111/8168/8411

	OS: Ubuntu 16.04, Kernel: 4.4.0-21-generic (x86_64), Desktop: Xfce 4.12, Display Server: X Server 1.18.3, Display Driver: intel 2.99.917, Compiler: GCC 5.4.0 20160609, File-System: overlayfs, Screen Resolution: 2560x1440

bcache io_default btrfs defaults: 

	Processor: Intel Core i5-4590 @ 3.70GHz (4 Cores), Motherboard: MSI Z97-G43 (MS-7816) v3.0, Chipset: Intel 4th Gen Core DRAM, Memory: 2048MB, Disk: 2 x 4001GB Western Digital WD40EFRX-68W + 240GB ADATA SP550 + 240GB INTEL SSDSC2BW24, Graphics: Intel HD 4600 (1150MHz), Audio: Intel Xeon E3-1200 v3/4th, Network: Realtek RTL8111/8168/8411

	OS: Ubuntu 16.04, Kernel: 4.4.0-21-generic (x86_64), Desktop: Xfce 4.12, Display Server: X Server 1.18.3, Display Driver: intel 2.99.917, Compiler: GCC 5.4.0 20160609, File-System: overlayfs, Screen Resolution: 2560x1440

xl00: 

	Processor: Intel Core i7-4770 @ 3.90GHz (8 Cores), Motherboard: MSI H87-G43 (MS-7816) v1.0, Chipset: Intel 4th Gen Core DRAM, Memory: 32768MB, Disk: 2 x 240GB INTEL SSDSC2BW24 + 2 x 2000GB Western Digital WD2000FYYZ-0, Graphics: Intel Xeon E3-1200 v3/4th Gen Core IGP, Network: Realtek RTL8111/8168/8411

	OS: Debian 8.8, Kernel: 4.9.0-0.bpo.3-amd64 (x86_64), Compiler: GCC 4.9.2, File-System: btrfs

xl00 - 2: 

	Processor: Intel Core i7-4770 @ 3.90GHz (8 Cores), Motherboard: MSI H87-G43 (MS-7816) v1.0, Chipset: Intel 4th Gen Core DRAM, Memory: 32768MB, Disk: 2 x 240GB INTEL SSDSC2BW24 + 2 x 2000GB Western Digital WD2000FYYZ-0, Graphics: Intel Xeon E3-1200 v3/4th Gen Core IGP, Network: Realtek RTL8111/8168/8411

	OS: Debian 8.8, Kernel: 4.9.0-0.bpo.3-amd64 (x86_64), Compiler: GCC 4.9.2, File-System: btrfs


AIO-Stress 0.21
Test: Random Write
MB/s > Higher Is Better
lvm io_default ext4 defaults .................................... 126.39  |
bcache io_default ext4 defaults ................................. 37.69   |
lvm io_default ext4 data=writeback,noatime,barrier=0,discard .... 46.30   |
bcache io_default ext4 data=writeback,noatime,barrier=0,discard . 32.29   |
lvm io_tuned ext4 data=writeback,noatime,barrier=0,discard ...... 48.38   |
bcache io_tuned ext4 data=writeback,noatime,barrier=0,discard ... 34.62   |
lvm io_default zfs .............................................. 11.26   |
bcache io_default zfs ........................................... 4.62    |
lvm io_default zfs lz4 512k throughput metadata ................. 125.63  |
bcache io_default zfs lz4 512k throughput metadata .............. 95.85   |
lvm io_default zfs lz4 32k throughput all ....................... 442.69  |
bcache io_default zfs lz4 32k throughput all .................... 375.47  |
lvm io_default zfs lz4 32k throughput metadata .................. 614.56  |=
bcache io_default zfs lz4 32k throughput metadata ............... 325.93  |
lvm io_default zfs lz4 32k throughput metadata disabled ......... 610.49  |
bcache io_default zfs lz4 32k throughput metadata disabled ...... 322.02  |
lvm io_tuned zfs lz4 32k throughput metadata disabled ........... 620.75  |=
bcache io_tuned zfs lz4 32k throughput metadata disabled ........ 385.19  |
lvm io_default btrfs defaults ................................... 66.44   |
bcache io_default btrfs defaults ................................ 76.89   |
xl00 ............................................................ 4912.18 |====
xl00 - 2 ........................................................ 4522.60 |====