Ubuntu 13.04 Disk Encryption Benchmarking Ubuntu 13.04 with no disk encryption, home directory encryption (eCryptfs), and full disk encryption. Also monitored CPU usage using MONITOR=cpu.usage environment variable. Benchmarking by Michael Larabel for a future article on Phoronix.com. No Encryption: Processor: AMD FX-8350 Eight-Core @ 4.00GHz (8 Cores), Motherboard: ASUS Crosshair V Formula, Chipset: AMD ATI RD890 bridge, Memory: 8192MB, Disk: 60GB OCZ VERTEX2, Graphics: AMD Radeon HD 4870 512MB, Audio: Realtek ALC889, Monitor: VA2431, Network: Intel 82583V Gigabit Connection OS: Ubuntu 13.04, Kernel: 3.8.0-19-generic (x86_64), Desktop: Unity 7.0.0, Display Server: X Server 1.13.3, Display Driver: radeon 7.1.0, OpenGL: 3.0 Mesa 9.1.1 Gallium 0.4, Compiler: GCC 4.7, File-System: ext4, Screen Resolution: 1920x1080 Home Encryption: Processor: AMD FX-8350 Eight-Core @ 4.00GHz (8 Cores), Motherboard: ASUS Crosshair V Formula, Chipset: AMD ATI RD890 bridge, Memory: 8192MB, Disk: 60GB OCZ VERTEX2, Graphics: AMD Radeon HD 4870 512MB, Audio: Realtek ALC889, Monitor: VA2431, Network: Intel 82583V Gigabit Connection OS: Ubuntu 13.04, Kernel: 3.8.0-19-generic (x86_64), Desktop: Unity 7.0.0, Display Server: X Server 1.13.3, Display Driver: radeon 7.1.0, OpenGL: 3.0 Mesa 9.1.1 Gallium 0.4, Compiler: GCC 4.7, File-System: ext4 (ecryptfs), Screen Resolution: 1920x1080 Full-Disk Encryption: Processor: AMD FX-8350 Eight-Core @ 4.00GHz (8 Cores), Motherboard: ASUS Crosshair V Formula, Chipset: AMD ATI RD890 bridge, Memory: 8192MB, Disk: 60GB OCZ VERTEX2, Graphics: AMD Radeon HD 4870 512MB, Audio: Realtek ALC889, Monitor: VA2431, Network: Intel 82583V Gigabit Connection OS: Ubuntu 13.04, Kernel: 3.8.0-19-generic (x86_64), Desktop: Unity 7.0.0, Display Server: X Server 1.13.3, Display Driver: radeon 7.1.0, OpenGL: 3.0 Mesa 9.1.1 Gallium 0.4, Compiler: GCC 4.7, File-System: ext4, Screen Resolution: 1920x1080 Dbench 4.0 Client Count: 1 MB/s > Higher Is Better No Encryption ........ 209.51 |================================================ Home Encryption ...... 91.33 |===================== Full-Disk Encryption . 175.49 |======================================== Dbench 4.0 CPU Usage Monitor Percent < Lower Is Better No Encryption ........ MIN: 0.4 AVG: 9.5 MAX: 23.9 Home Encryption ...... MIN: 0.0 AVG: 11.1 MAX: 24.4 Full-Disk Encryption . MIN: 0.1 AVG: 9.8 MAX: 31.4 Dbench 4.0 Client Count: 6 MB/s > Higher Is Better No Encryption ........ 688.60 |================================================ Home Encryption ...... 268.76 |=================== Full-Disk Encryption . 378.32 |========================== Dbench 4.0 CPU Usage Monitor Percent < Lower Is Better No Encryption ........ MIN: 0.1 AVG: 46.7 MAX: 52.6 Home Encryption ...... MIN: 0.2 AVG: 46.6 MAX: 60.2 Full-Disk Encryption . MIN: 0.3 AVG: 32.7 MAX: 42.8 PostgreSQL pgbench 8.4.11 TPC-B Transactions Per Second TPS > Higher Is Better No Encryption ........ 2392.93 |=============================================== Home Encryption ...... 1327.32 |========================== Full-Disk Encryption . 1811.78 |==================================== PostgreSQL pgbench 8.4.11 CPU Usage Monitor Percent < Lower Is Better No Encryption ........ MIN: 0.0 AVG: 31.9 MAX: 72.1 Home Encryption ...... MIN: 0.0 AVG: 28.7 MAX: 54.4 Full-Disk Encryption . MIN: 0.0 AVG: 27.9 MAX: 67.4 FS-Mark 3.3 Test: 1000 Files, 1MB Size Files/s > Higher Is Better No Encryption ........ 127.97 |================================================ Home Encryption ...... 39.97 |=============== Full-Disk Encryption . 58.83 |====================== FS-Mark 3.3 CPU Usage Monitor Percent < Lower Is Better No Encryption ........ MIN: 0.4 AVG: 4.2 MAX: 5.8 Home Encryption ...... MIN: 6.7 AVG: 7.4 MAX: 8.7 Full-Disk Encryption . MIN: 0.1 AVG: 5.5 MAX: 6.4 FS-Mark 3.3 Test: 5000 Files, 1MB Size, 4 Threads Files/s > Higher Is Better No Encryption ........ 171.60 |================================================ Home Encryption ...... 64.00 |================== Full-Disk Encryption . 62.67 |================== FS-Mark 3.3 CPU Usage Monitor Percent < Lower Is Better No Encryption ........ MIN: 0.0 AVG: 16.0 MAX: 19.0 Home Encryption ...... MIN: 0.0 AVG: 14.8 MAX: 17.8 Full-Disk Encryption . MIN: 1.5 AVG: 9.3 MAX: 19.9 FS-Mark 3.3 Test: 4000 Files, 32 Sub Dirs, 1MB Size Files/s > Higher Is Better No Encryption ........ 127.67 |================================================ Home Encryption ...... 39.53 |=============== Full-Disk Encryption . 59.23 |====================== FS-Mark 3.3 CPU Usage Monitor Percent < Lower Is Better No Encryption ........ MIN: 0.1 AVG: 4.9 MAX: 10.8 Home Encryption ...... MIN: 0.0 AVG: 7.2 MAX: 11.1 Full-Disk Encryption . MIN: 2.2 AVG: 5.9 MAX: 10.3 Flexible IO Tester 1.57 Test: Intel IOMeter File Server Access Pattern Seconds (Run Time) < Lower Is Better No Encryption ........ 77.79 |==================== Home Encryption ...... 143.41 |===================================== Full-Disk Encryption . 188.16 |================================================ Flexible IO Tester 1.57 CPU Usage Monitor Percent < Lower Is Better No Encryption ........ MIN: 0.4 AVG: 4.6 MAX: 8.8 Home Encryption ...... MIN: 0.0 AVG: 9.9 MAX: 17.5 Full-Disk Encryption . MIN: 0.3 AVG: 7.3 MAX: 10.1 Compile Bench 0.6 Test: Initial Create MB/s > Higher Is Better No Encryption ........ 220.35 |================================================ Home Encryption ...... 49.51 |=========== Full-Disk Encryption . 85.60 |=================== Compile Bench 0.6 CPU Usage Monitor Percent < Lower Is Better No Encryption ........ MIN: 0.0 AVG: 8.4 MAX: 18.4 Home Encryption ...... MIN: 0.0 AVG: 10.3 MAX: 17.1 Full-Disk Encryption . MIN: 0.2 AVG: 4.7 MAX: 24.7 Compile Bench 0.6 Test: Compile MB/s > Higher Is Better No Encryption ........ 306.13 |================================================ Home Encryption ...... 67.95 |=========== Full-Disk Encryption . 66.26 |========== IOzone 3.405 Record Size: 1MB - File Size: 8GB - Disk Test: Write Performance MB/s > Higher Is Better No Encryption ........ 246.72 |================================================ Home Encryption ...... 60.82 |============ Full-Disk Encryption . 51.34 |========== IOzone 3.405 CPU Usage Monitor Percent < Lower Is Better No Encryption ........ MIN: 0.3 AVG: 5.0 MAX: 10.2 Home Encryption ...... MIN: 0.0 AVG: 10.5 MAX: 16.4 Full-Disk Encryption . MIN: 0.1 AVG: 4.0 MAX: 14.7 IOzone 3.405 Record Size: 1MB - File Size: 8GB - Disk Test: Read Performance MB/s > Higher Is Better No Encryption ........ 235.29 |================================================ Home Encryption ...... 104.14 |===================== Full-Disk Encryption . 167.60 |================================== IOzone 3.405 CPU Usage Monitor Percent < Lower Is Better No Encryption ........ MIN: 1.3 AVG: 4.5 MAX: 9.9 Home Encryption ...... MIN: 0.0 AVG: 11.5 MAX: 17.9 Full-Disk Encryption . MIN: 0.1 AVG: 8.5 MAX: 15.5 PostMark 1.51 Disk Transaction Performance TPS > Higher Is Better No Encryption ........ 3012 |================================================== Home Encryption ...... 391 |====== Full-Disk Encryption . 3026 |================================================== PostMark 1.51 CPU Usage Monitor Percent < Lower Is Better No Encryption ........ MIN: 0.3 AVG: 12.4 MAX: 13.1 Home Encryption ...... MIN: 2.8 AVG: 12.0 MAX: 13.4 Full-Disk Encryption . MIN: 0.1 AVG: 12.2 MAX: 13.0 BlogBench 1.0 Test: Read Final Score > Higher Is Better No Encryption ........ 291645 |================== Home Encryption ...... 760809 |================================================ Full-Disk Encryption . 358969 |======================= BlogBench 1.0 CPU Usage Monitor Percent < Lower Is Better No Encryption ........ MIN: 0 AVG: 81 MAX: 100 Home Encryption ...... MIN: 2 AVG: 97 MAX: 100 Full-Disk Encryption . MIN: 0 AVG: 82 MAX: 100 CPU Usage Monitor Phoronix Test Suite System Monitoring Percent No Encryption ........ MIN: 0 AVG: 35 MAX: 100 Home Encryption ...... MIN: 0 AVG: 25 MAX: 100 Full-Disk Encryption . MIN: 0 AVG: 24 MAX: 100